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41. 发明授权

US4938851A Method for preparing an electrode and use thereof in electrochemical processes 失效
标题翻译：制备电极的方法及其在电化学过程中的应用
公开(公告)号：US4938851A
公开(公告)日：1990-07-03
申请号：US153283
申请日：1988-02-05
申请人： Antonio Nidola
发明人： Antonio Nidola
IPC分类号： C25B11/06 , C25B11/00 , C25B11/04 , C25B11/08 , C25D3/50 , C25B1/20 , C25B1/26
CPC分类号： C25B11/0478
摘要： The present invention concerns a method for preparing electrodes for use in electrochemical processes, said electrodes being constituted by a conductive support whereto an electrocatalytic coating is applied by galvanic deposition from a galvanic plating bath which additionally contains the groups IB, IIB, IIIA, IVA, VA, VB, VIB, VIII Of the periodic table.The electrodes of the invention, obtainable according to the method of the invention, when used as cathodes in membrane or diaphragm chlor-alkali cells, exhibit low hydrogen overvoltages, constant with time, and are substantially immune to poisoning by iron, mercury or other metal impurities present in the alkaline solutions.

42. 发明授权

US4869799A Membrane cell for the electrolysis of alkali metal chloride and process thereof 失效
标题翻译：用于电解碱金属氯化物的膜电池及其工艺
公开(公告)号：US4869799A
公开(公告)日：1989-09-26
申请号：US60548
申请日：1987-06-11
申请人： Oronzio de Nora , Antonio Nidola
发明人： Oronzio de Nora , Antonio Nidola
IPC分类号： C25B9/10
CPC分类号： C25B9/10
摘要： In a process for the electrolysis of alkali metal chloride conducted in a cell comprising a porous, gas and liquid permeable anode and a porous, gas and liquid permeable cathode separated by an ion exchange polymeric membrane impervious to the hydrodynamic flow, wherein the electrodes are in contact or in any way close to the membrane surface in order to reduce the interelectrodic gap, the insertion of a thin porous sheet, fluid permeable and highly hydrophilic, between the membrane and the cathode surfaces, allows for the considerable reduction of the cell voltage.
摘要翻译：在包括多孔，气体和液体可渗透阳极的细胞中电解碱金属氯化物的电解过程以及由不能透过流体动力学流动的离子交换聚合物膜隔开的多孔，气体和液体可渗透的阴极，其中电极处于接触或以任何方式接近膜表面，以便减少电极间间隙，在膜和阴极表面之间插入薄的多孔片，可渗透和高度亲水的，允许电池电压显着降低。

43. 发明授权

US4834851A Permanent anode 失效
标题翻译：永久阳极
公开(公告)号：US4834851A
公开(公告)日：1989-05-30
申请号：US82807
申请日：1987-08-06
申请人： Antonio Nidola , Renato Schira , Oronzio de Nora
发明人： Antonio Nidola , Renato Schira , Oronzio de Nora
IPC分类号： H01M10/54 , C25B11/04 , C25C1/18 , C25C7/02
CPC分类号： C25C7/02 , C25B11/0484 , C25C1/18 , Y02W30/84
摘要： An anode comprising an electroconductive substrate, whose external surface at least is selected from the group consisting of vanadium, niobium, tantalum and tungsten, alloys of said metals with each other and alloys of said metals with at least one metal selected from the group consisting of metals of groups IIIB and IV of the Periodic Table, lanthanides, actinides, the external surface having a corrosion resistant electrocatalytic coating of at least one member of the group consisting of noble metals and alloys thereof, noble metal oxides and non-noble metal oxieds, characterized in that the coating also contains at least one compound of an element selected from the group consisting of arsenic, antimony, bismuth, tin, for metal recovery from acid solutions based on fluodide-containing complex anions and an electrochemical cell.

44. 发明授权

US4778578A Deposition of catalytic electrodes of ion-exchange membranes 失效
标题翻译：沉积离子交换膜催化电极
公开(公告)号：US4778578A
公开(公告)日：1988-10-18
申请号：US122645
申请日：1987-11-12
申请人： Antonio Nidola , Gian N. Martelli
发明人： Antonio Nidola , Gian N. Martelli
IPC分类号： B01J23/00 , B01J23/89 , B01J27/00 , C23C18/20 , C25B9/10 , C25B11/00 , C25B11/04 , C25B1/00
CPC分类号： C25B11/0478 , C23C18/2013 , C23C18/2033 , C23C18/208 , C25B11/00 , C25B9/10 , H01M2300/0082
摘要： A gas and electrolyte permeable metal layer is bonded to an ion-permeable membrane by electroless deposition to produce a permeable metal deposit upon the membrane or diaphragm. Advantageously, the membrane surface to be coated is pretreated with an amphoteric material. Thereafter, the treated surface is treated to deposit the coating. Typical metals deposited include platinum group metals, iron group metals, such as nickel, cobalt and others including gold and silver. The coatings are very thin, rarely in excess of about 50 to 100 microns.The coated membrane may be installed in an electrolytic cell used for producing chlorine and alkali by electrolysis of alkali metal chloride with the coating serving as one electrode and another opposed electrode on or adjacent to the opposite side of the membrane. It may also be used in water electrolysis and for other purposes.The coatings may be thickened by depositing other coatings of the same or different composition by suitable coating techniques.Especially adherent coatings are obtained when the metal deposited upon the pretreated surface is palladium metal or a mixture of palladium with another metal. Thickening coatings deposited upon such a porous palladium coating are found to have superior adherence and durability. The metal layer may be soaked or contacted with an alkali metal or an amalgam in presence of water to modify its crystal structure or grain size, if desired.
摘要翻译：通过无电沉积将气体和电解质渗透的金属层结合到离子可渗透膜，以在膜或膜片上产生可渗透的金属沉积物。有利地，待涂覆的膜表面用两性材料预处理。此后，处理表面被处理以沉积涂层。沉积的典型金属包括铂族金属，铁族金属，如镍，钴等，包括金和银。涂层非常薄，很少超过约50至100微米。涂覆膜可以安装在用于通过电解碱金属氯化物而生产氯和碱的电解池中，其中涂层用作一个电极，而另一个相对的电极在膜的相对侧上或附近。它也可用于水电解和其他目的。通过合适的涂覆技术沉积相同或不同组成的其它涂层，可以使涂层变厚。当沉积在预处理表面上的金属是钯金属或钯与另一种金属的混合物时，获得特别粘附的涂层。发现沉积在这种多孔钯涂层上的增稠涂层具有优异的附着力和耐久性。如果需要，金属层可以在水的存在下与碱金属或汞合金浸泡或接触以改变其晶体结构或晶粒尺寸。

45. 发明授权

US4468311A Electrolysis cell 失效
标题翻译：电解池
公开(公告)号：US4468311A
公开(公告)日：1984-08-28
申请号：US382691
申请日：1982-05-27
申请人： Oronzio de Nora , Antonio Nidola , Gian N. Martelli
发明人： Oronzio de Nora , Antonio Nidola , Gian N. Martelli
IPC分类号： C25B9/00 , C25B1/46 , C25B9/04 , C25B9/08 , C25B9/10 , C25B11/02 , C25B13/08 , C25B11/03 , C25B11/12 , C25B15/08
CPC分类号： C25B1/46 , C25B9/04 , C25B9/08
摘要： A cell is provided having an anode and cathode separated by an ion permeable membrane or diaphragm wherein an electrode layer is bonded to or otherwise embedded in on at least one and usually to both sides of the membrane. Polarity is imparted to a bonded or embedded electrode by pressing a crinkled resiliently compressible fabric against the membrane carrying the electrode layer. This fabric is substantially coextensive with the electrode layer and is constructed so that when compressed it exerts a substantially uniform elastic reaction pressure against the membrane carrying the electrode layer or a pliable foraminous sheet, i.e. screen, interposed between the membrane carrying the electrode layer and the resiliently compressible fabric. The resiliently compressible fabric has the ability of also transmitting pressure laterally so that pressure applied may distribute across the entire area of the layer and tendency to have local areas of too low of too high pressure is minimized or reduced.Chlorine or other halogen is produced by feeding an aqueous alkali metal halide or aqueous hydrogen halide to the anode chamber. Alkali is produced in the cathode chamber and withdrawn.
摘要翻译：提供具有由离子可渗透膜或隔膜隔开的阳极和阴极的电池，其中电极层与膜的至少一个并且通常到两侧结合或以其它方式嵌入在膜的至少一个并且通常到两侧。通过将皱缩的弹性可压缩织物压靠在承载电极层的膜上而将粘合或嵌入电极赋予极性。该织物与电极层基本上共同延伸，并且被构造成使得当被压缩时，其对承载电极层的膜或柔性多孔片（即屏幕）施加基本上均匀的弹性反应压力，所述膜介于带有电极层的膜和弹性可压缩织物。弹性可压缩织物具有横向传递压力的能力，使得施加的压力可以分布在层的整个区域上，并且具有太低压力的局部区域的最小化或减小的趋势。氯或其它卤素通过将碱金属卤化物水溶液或卤水水溶液加入到阳极室来制备。碱在阴极室中产生并被抽出。

46. 发明授权

US4161433A Decomposition of alkali metal amalgams 失效
标题翻译：分解碱金属汞合金
公开(公告)号：US4161433A
公开(公告)日：1979-07-17
申请号：US878905
申请日：1978-02-17
申请人： Oronzio De Nora , Antonio Nidola , Placido M. Spaziante
发明人： Oronzio De Nora , Antonio Nidola , Placido M. Spaziante
IPC分类号： C22C29/06 , C22C29/00 , C22C29/02 , C22C29/08 , C22C29/10 , C22C29/12 , C22C29/14 , C25B1/42 , C25B1/44 , C25B11/10 , C25B1/16 , C25C7/00 , H01B1/04 , H01B1/06
CPC分类号： C25B1/44 , Y02P20/132
摘要： A novel polyphase packing for alkali metal mercury amalgam denuders comprised of a sintered mixture of powdered valve metal borides and valve metal carbides, a novel amalgam denuder containing the said polyphase packing and a novel process of decomposing alkali metal mercury amalgam by contacting the amalgam with an aqueous media in the presence of the said polyphase packing.
摘要翻译：一种由金属汞粉末和阀金属碳化物的烧结混合物构成的碱金属汞齐混合物的新型多相填料，含有所述多相填料的新型汞齐溶解剂和通过将汞齐与在所述多相包装存在下的水性介质。

47. 发明授权

US4132620A Electrocatalytic electrodes 失效
标题翻译：电催化电极
公开(公告)号：US4132620A
公开(公告)日：1979-01-02
申请号：US874863
申请日：1978-02-02
申请人： Antonio Nidola , Placido M. Spaziante
发明人： Antonio Nidola , Placido M. Spaziante
IPC分类号： C25B11/04 , C25B11/10 , C25C7/02 , H01M4/90 , B32B31/06 , C01G17/00 , H01M4/86
CPC分类号： H01M4/90 , C25B11/041 , C25B11/0447 , C25C7/02
摘要： Novel electrodes for electrochemical reactions in an electrolytic medium, wherein the active surface layer of the electrode contains an electrocatalytically effective amount of germanium disulfide. The electrodes can be used in electrochemical cells as the catalytic substrates for oxygen evolution, e.g. oxygen evolution anodes in metal electrowinning, or for the conversion of molecular oxygen to an ionized species as in fuel cells.
摘要翻译：在电解介质中用于电化学反应的新型电极，其中电极的活性表面层含有电催化有效量的二硫化锗。电极可用于电化学电池中，作为用于氧气析出的催化底物。在金属电解提取中的氧析出阳极，或者用于将燃料电池中的分子氧转化为离子化物质。

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