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41. 发明申请

WO0138827A9 FIBER BRAGG GRATING SENSOR 审中-公开
标题翻译：光纤布拉格传感器
公开(公告)号：WO0138827A9
公开(公告)日：2002-08-15
申请号：PCT/US0042273
申请日：2000-11-28
申请人： CIDRA CORP
发明人： KERSEY ALAN D
IPC分类号： G01K11/12 , G01B11/16 , G01D5/353 , G01L1/24 , G01N21/45 , G02B6/02 , G02B6/34
CPC分类号： G01L1/246 , G01D5/35316
摘要： A fiber Bragg grating sensor system for sensing a parameter, including temperature or strain comprises a structured sensor fiber Bragg grating in combination with a broadband light source, coupleer, readout grating mixing and spectral analysis system. The structured sensor fiber Bragg grating combination responds to an optical signal, and further responds to a sensed parameter, for providing a structured sensor fiber Bragg grating signal containing information about the sensed parameter. The broadband light source, coupler, readout grating mixing and spectral analysis system provides the optical signal, and responds to the structured sensor fiber Bragg grating signal, mixes the structured sensor fiber Bragg grating with a reference grating spectrum, for providing a broadband source, coupler, readout grating mixing and spectral analysis system signal containing information about a mixed and spectrally analyzed structured sensor fiber Bragg grating signal that is used to determine the sensed parameter.
摘要翻译：用于感测包括温度或应变在内的参数的光纤布拉格光栅传感器系统包括与宽带光源，耦合器，读出光栅混合和光谱分析系统结合的结构化传感器光纤布拉格光栅。结构化传感器光纤布拉格光栅组合响应光信号，并进一步响应感测参数，以提供包含关于感测参数的信息的结构化传感器光纤布拉格光栅信号。宽带光源，耦合器，读出光栅混合和光谱分析系统提供光信号，并响应结构化传感器光纤布拉格光栅信号，将结构化传感器光纤布拉格光栅与参考光栅光谱混合，提供宽带源，耦合器，读出光栅混合和光谱分析系统信号，包含有关混合和光谱分析的结构化传感器光纤布拉格光栅信号的信息，用于确定感测参数。

42. 发明申请

WO0243198A2 TUNABLE RAMAN LASER AND AMPLIFIER 审中-公开
标题翻译： TUNABLE拉曼激光和放大器
公开(公告)号：WO0243198A2
公开(公告)日：2002-05-30
申请号：PCT/US0148447
申请日：2001-10-22
申请人： CIDRA CORP
发明人： PUTNAM MARTIN A , KERSEY ALAN D
IPC分类号： H01S3/063 , H01S3/067 , H01S3/1055 , H01S3/30 , H01S3/00
CPC分类号： H01S3/302 , H01S3/0635 , H01S3/0675 , H01S3/1055
摘要： A tunable Raman laser and amplifier include a pair of tunable optical units optically connected by a length of optical fiber having an associated Raman gain. The tunable optical units tune respective optical waveguides, each of which includes an inner core disposed within an outer cladding. A plurality of Bragg gratings is written in each core of the waveguides. The reflexion wavelength of a matched grating of the output waveguide, to thereby form a plurality of cascaded resonance cavities. Each resonance cavity has a reflecting wavelength equal to the center wavelength of successive Stokes orders associated with optical fiber. The Bragg gratings of each waveguide are written into a corresponding stepped region ground into the outer cladding of the waveguides. The tuning (e.g., compression) of the waveguides proportionally changes the reflexion wavelengths of the gratins, and thereby proportionally changes the center wavelength of each resonance cavity. This method of proportionally tuning each matched pair of Bragg gratings enables the Raman laser to be tunable over an extended wavelength range.
摘要翻译：可调谐拉曼激光器和放大器包括一对可调光学单元，其通过一定长度的具有相关拉曼增益的光纤光学连接。可调谐光学单元调谐相应的光波导，每个光波导包括设置在外包层内的内芯。多个布拉格光栅被写入波导的每个核心。输出波导的匹配光栅的反射波长，从而形成多个级联谐振腔。每个谐振腔具有等于与光纤相关联的连续斯托克斯次数的中心波长的反射波长。每个波导的布拉格光栅被写入到波导的外包层中的对应的阶梯区域中。波导的调谐（例如，压缩）成比例地改变绞合线的反射波长，从而成比例地改变每个谐振腔的中心波长。这种按比例调整每个匹配的布拉格光栅对的方法使拉曼激光器能够在一个更大的波长范围内可调。

43. 发明申请

WO0227744A2 TUNABLE GRATING-BASED CHANNEL FILTER PARKING DEVICE 审中-公开
标题翻译：基于光栅的通道滤波器停车设备
公开(公告)号：WO0227744A2
公开(公告)日：2002-04-04
申请号：PCT/US0130205
申请日：2001-09-27
申请人： CIDRA CORP
发明人： PUTNAM MARTIN A , KERSEY ALAN D , BAILEY TIMOTHY J
IPC分类号： G02B6/34 , G02F1/01 , H01J
CPC分类号： G02B6/2932 , G02B6/02085 , G02B6/022 , G02B6/29322 , G02B6/29383 , G02B6/29395 , G02B6/29398 , G02F1/0115 , G02F1/0128 , G02F2201/307
摘要： An optical filter (100), including a Bragg grating (102), is compression tuned such that when under one compressional load (or no load) the grating (102) has a first profile and under a second compressional load the grating (102) has a second profile. One application is to allow the grating filter function to be parked optically between channels of a WDM or DWDM optical system.
摘要翻译：包括布拉格光栅（102）的光学滤波器（100）被压缩调谐，使得当在一个压缩负载（或无负载）下时，光栅（102）具有第一轮廓并且在第二压缩负载下，光栅（102）有第二个配置文件。一个应用是允许光栅滤波器功能在WDM或DWDM光学系统的通道之间光学停放。

44. 发明申请

WO0167142A3 TEMPERATURE COMPENSATED BRAGG GRATING AND ASSOCIATED OPTICAL DEVICEs 审中-公开
标题翻译：温度补偿布拉格光栅和相关光学器件
公开(公告)号：WO0167142A3
公开(公告)日：2002-02-28
申请号：PCT/US0105644
申请日：2001-02-22
申请人： CIDRA CORP
发明人： SULLIVAN JAMES M , BAILEY TIMOTHY J , BRUCATO ROBERT N , ENGEL THOMAS W , FERNALD MARK R , JONES RICHARD T , KERSEY ALAN D , MACDOUGALL TREVOR , MILLER MATTHEW B , PUTNAM MARTIN A , SANDERS PAUL E , SIRKIS JAMES S
IPC分类号： G02B6/00 , G02F1/01 , H01S3/067 , H01S3/102 , G02B6/16 , G02B6/293
CPC分类号： G02F1/0115 , G02B6/0218 , H01S3/0675 , H01S3/1028
摘要： A temperature compensated optical device includes a compression-tuned glass element (10) having a Bragg grating (12) therein, a compensating material spacer (26) and an end cap (28) all held within an outer shell (30). The element (10), end cap (28) and shell (30) are made of a material having a low coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE), e.g., silica, quartz, etc. And the spacer (26) is made of a material having a higher CTE, e.g. metal Pyrex3, ceramic, etc. The material and length L5 of the spacer (26) is selected to offset the upward grating wavelength shift due to temperature. As temperature rises, the spacer (26) expands faster than the silica structure causing a compressive strain to be exerted on the element (10), which shifts the wavelength of the grating (12) down to balance the intrinsic temperature induces wavelength shift up. As a result, the grating (12) wavelength is substantially unchanged over a wide temperature range. The element (10) includes either an optical fiber having at least one Bragg grating (12) impressed therein encased within and fused to at least a portion of a glass capillary tube or a large diameter waveguide (or cane) with a grating (12) having a core (11) and a wide cladding, which does not buckle over a large range of compressive axial strains. The element may have a "dogbone" shape to amplify compressive strain on the grating (12). The device (8) may also be placed in an axially tunable system that allows the wavelength to be dynamically tuned while remaining athermal. In addition to a grating, the device may be an athermal laser, DFB laser, etc. Also, the entire device (8) may be all made of monolithic glass materials.
摘要翻译：温度补偿光学器件包括其中具有布拉格光栅（12）的压缩调谐玻璃元件（10），补偿材料间隔物（26）和端盖（28），其全部保持在外壳（30）内。元件（10），端帽（28）和壳体（30）由具有低热膨胀系数（CTE）的材料制成，例如二氧化硅，石英等。并且间隔件（26）由具有较高CTE的材料，例如金属Pyrex3，陶瓷等。选择间隔物（26）的材料和长度L5以抵消由于温度引起的向上的光栅波长偏移。随着温度升高，间隔物（26）比二氧化硅结构膨胀得快，导致施加在元件（10）上的压缩应变，其使光栅（12）的波长向下移动以平衡本征温度，从而引起波长向上移动。结果，光栅（12）波长在宽的温度范围内基本上不变。元件（10）包括具有至少一个布拉格光栅（12）的光纤，该光纤封装在玻璃毛细管或具有光栅（12）的玻璃毛细管或大直径波导（或甘蔗）的至少一部分内并且被熔化）具有芯（11）和宽包层，其在大范围的压缩轴向应变下不扣合。元件可以具有“狗骨”形状以放大光栅（12）上的压缩应变。设备（8）也可以放置在轴向可调谐系统中，该系统允许波长被动态地调谐而保持不燃。除了光栅之外，该器件可以是无热激光器，DFB激光器等。此外，整个器件（8）可以全部由单片玻璃材料制成。

45. 发明申请

WO0039617A9 TUBE-ENCASED FIBER GRATING 审中-公开
标题翻译：管状光纤光栅
公开(公告)号：WO0039617A9
公开(公告)日：2001-07-12
申请号：PCT/US9928865
申请日：1999-12-06
申请人： CIDRA CORP
发明人： FERNALD MARK R , BAILEY TIMOTHY J , MILLER MATTHEW B , SULLIVAN JAMES M , DAVIS MICHAEL A , OGLE PETER , KERSEY ALAN D , PUTNAM MARTIN A , BRUCATO ROBERT N , SANDERS PAUL E
IPC分类号： G02B6/00 , G02B5/18 , G02B6/34 , G02B6/16
CPC分类号： G02B6/022 , G02B6/0218
摘要： A tube-encased fiber grating includes an optical fiber (10) having at least one Bragg grating (12) impressed therein which is embedded within a glass capillary tube (20). Light (14) is incident on the grating (12) and light (16) is reflected at a reflection wavelength lambda 1. The shape of the tube (20) may be other geometries (e.g., a "dogbone" shape) and/or more than one concentric tube may be used or more than one grating or pair of gratings may be used. The fiber (10) may be doped at least between a pair of gratings (150, 152), encased in the tube (20) to form a tube-encased compression-tuned fiber laser or the grating (12) or gratings (150, 152) may be constructed as a tunable DFB fiber laser encased in the tube (20). Also, the tube (20) may have an inner region (22) which is tapered away from the fiber (10) to provide strain relief for the fiber (10), or the tube (20) may have tapered (or fluted) sections (27) which have an outer geometry that decreases down to the fiber (10) and provides added fiber pull strength. Also, the tube encased grating (12) exhibits lower mode coupling from the fiber core to the cladding modes due to the increased diameter of the cladding where the tube (20) is fused to the fiber (10) where the grating is located (12).
摘要翻译：管封装的光纤光栅包括一个光纤（10），该光纤（10）内嵌有至少一个布拉格光栅（12），嵌入玻璃毛细管（20）内。光（14）入射到光栅（12）上，光（16）以反射波长λ1反射。管（20）的形状可以是其他几何形状（例如，“狗骨”形状）和/或可以使用多于一个的同心管，或者可以使用多于一个的光栅或一对光栅。光纤（10）可以至少掺杂在一对封装在管（20）中的一对光栅（150,152）之间以形成管封装的压缩调谐光纤激光器或光栅（12）或光栅（150） 152）可以被构造为封装在管（20）中的可调DFB光纤激光器。此外，管（20）可以具有从纤维（10）逐渐变细的内部区域（22），以为纤维（10）提供应变消除，或者管（20）可以具有锥形（或凹槽）部分（27），其具有向下延伸到纤维（10）的外部几何形状并且提供附加的纤维拉力。此外，由于包层的直径增加，其中管（20）熔合到光栅所在的光纤（10），管封装光栅（12）表现出从光纤芯到包层模式的较低模式耦合（12 ）。

46. 发明申请

WO0039617A3 TUBE-ENCASED FIBER GRATING 审中-公开
标题翻译：管状嵌入式光纤光栅
公开(公告)号：WO0039617A3
公开(公告)日：2001-05-10
申请号：PCT/US9928865
申请日：1999-12-06
申请人： CIDRA CORP
发明人： FERNALD MARK R , BAILEY TIMOTHY J , MILLER MATTHEW B , SULLIVAN JAMES M , DAVIS MICHAEL A , OGLE PETER , KERSEY ALAN D , PUTNAM MARTIN A , BRUCATO ROBERT N , SANDERS PAUL E
IPC分类号： G02B6/00 , G02B5/18 , G02B6/34 , G02B6/16
CPC分类号： G02B6/022 , G02B6/0218
摘要： A tube-encased fiber grating includes an optical fiber (10) having at least one Bragg grating (12) impressed therein which is embedded within a glass capillary tube (20). Light (14) is incident on the grating (12) and light (16) is reflected at a reflection wavelength lambda 1. The shape of the tube (20) may be other geometries (e.g., a "dogbone" shape) and/or more than one concentric tube may be used or more than one grating or pair of gratings may be used. The fiber (10) may be doped at least between a pair of gratings (150, 152), encased in the tube (20) to form a tube-encased compression-tuned fiber laser or the grating (12) or gratings (150, 152) may be constructed as a tunable DFB fiber laser encased in the tube (20). Also, the tube (20) may have an inner region (22) which is tapered away from the fiber (10) to provide strain relief for the fiber (10), or the tube (20) may have tapered (or fluted) sections (27) which have an outer geometry that decreases down to the fiber (10) and provides added fiber pull strength. Also, the tube encased grating (12) exhibits lower mode coupling from the fiber core to the cladding modes due to the increased diameter of the cladding where the tube (20) is fused to the fiber (10) where the grating is located (12).
摘要翻译：一种套管式光纤光栅包括一个光纤（10），该光纤具有至少一个压入其中的布拉格光栅（12），其嵌入玻璃毛细管（20）内。光（14）入射到光栅（12）上并且光（16）以反射波长λ1被反射。管（20）的形状可以是其他几何形状（例如“狗骨”形状）和/或可以使用多于一个的同心管，或者可以使用多于一个的光栅或一对光栅。光纤（10）可以至少在一对光栅（150,152）之间被掺杂，被封装在管（20）中以形成管封装的压缩调谐光纤激光器或光栅（12）或光栅（150,150） 152）可以被构造为封装在管（20）中的可调谐DFB光纤激光器。而且，管20可以具有远离纤维10逐渐变细的内部区域22以为纤维10提供应力消除，或者管20可以具有渐缩（或凹槽）部分（27），其具有减小到纤维（10）的外部几何形状并提供增加的纤维拉伸强度。另外，由于包层的直径增大，管（20）熔合到光栅（10）的光栅所在的位置（12），管封闭光栅（12）呈现出从光纤芯到包层模的较低模耦合）。

47. 发明申请

WO0037975A3 METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR FORMING A BRAGG GRATING WITH HIGH INTENSITY LIGHT 审中-公开
标题翻译：用于形成具有高强度光的布拉格光泽的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：WO0037975A3
公开(公告)日：2001-01-18
申请号：PCT/US9928810
申请日：1999-12-04
申请人： CIDRA CORP
发明人： PUTNAM MARTIN A , BRUCATO ROBERT N
IPC分类号： G02B6/02 , G02B6/34 , G02B6/16
CPC分类号： G02B6/02133 , G02B2006/02161
摘要： A method and apparatus for forming a Bragg grating using a high intensity light includes a pair of focussed writing beams (26, 34) that simultaneously intersect and interfere with each other at a region (30) of a photosensitive optical fiber (28). The beams (26, 34) have a high intensity (e.g., at least about 500 mjoules/cm ) and pass through an interface medium (50) that is substantially transparent to the wavelength of the writing beams (26, 34). The medium has a thickness T set such that the intensity of the beams at the surface (56) of the medium (50) is below a surface damage intensity such that no ablations occur on the fiber (28) or the surface (56) when the fiber (28) is exposed to the beams (26, 34).
摘要翻译：使用高强度光形成布拉格光栅的方法和装置包括在光敏光纤（28）的区域（30）处同时相交并相互干扰的一对聚焦写入光束（26,34）。光束（26,34）具有高强度（例如，至少约500m焦耳/ cm 2）并且穿过对于写入光束（26,34）的波长基本透明的界面介质（50）。介质具有厚度T设置，使得介质（50）的表面（56）处的光束的强度低于表面损伤强度，使得在纤维（28）或表面（56）上不会发生消融，光纤（28）暴露于光束（26,34）。

48. 发明申请

WO0037976A9 METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR FORMING A TUBE-ENCASED BRAGG GRATING 审中-公开
标题翻译：用于形成管状镶嵌布拉格光栅的方法和设备
公开(公告)号：WO0037976A9
公开(公告)日：2000-12-07
申请号：PCT/US9928813
申请日：1999-12-04
申请人： CIDRA CORP
发明人： PUTNAM MARTIN A , BAILEY TIMOTHY J , MILLER MATTHEW B , SULLIVAN JAMES M , DAVIS MICHAEL A , FERNALD MARK R , WRIGHT CHRISTOPHER J
IPC分类号： G02B5/18 , G01L1/24 , G02B6/00 , G02B6/02 , G02B6/10 , G02B6/34 , G02F1/00
CPC分类号： G02B6/02133 , G02B2006/02161
摘要： A method and apparatus for forming a tube-encased fiber grating includes an optical fiber (28) which is encased within and fused to at least a portion of a glass capillary tube (120) and a substantially transparent index-matching medium (122), such as an optically flat window, having an optically flat surface (126) adjacent to the tube (120). A substantially transparent index-matching intermediate material (e.g., UV transparent oil) (124) is used between the window (22) and the tube (120) to substantially eliminate the interface between the tube (120) and the medium (122). A pair of writing beams (26, 34) are incident on and pass through the medium (122), the tube (120) and intersect and interfere in a region (30) on the fiber (28). Also, the width (Wb) of the writing beams (26,34) may be set to be less than the width (Woil) of the intermediate material (124) to eliminate surface damage (ablations) of the tube (120). Alternatively, the medium (122) may have a geometry to eliminate surface ablations (e.g., a collar shape) and/or to match the shape of the tube (120). More than one grating or pair of gratings may be written in the tube-encased fiber or one or more gratings may be formed in multiple fibers (28, 250) encased in the tube (120). Further, high intensity writing beams (26, 34) on the fiber (28) may be achieved by having the medium (122) have a predetermined thickness (T).
摘要翻译：一种用于形成套管式光纤光栅的方法和设备，包括：包封在玻璃毛细管（120）和基本上透明的折射率匹配介质（122）的至少一部分内并与之熔合的光纤（28）如光学平坦的窗口，其具有与管（120）相邻的光学平坦表面（126）。在窗口（22）和管（120）之间使用基本上透明的折射率匹配中间材料（例如UV透明油）（124）以基本上消除管（120）和介质（122）之间的界面。一对写入光束（26,34）入射并穿过介质（122），管（120）并与光纤（28）上的区域（30）相交并干涉。而且，书写射束（26,34）的宽度（Wb）可以设定为小于中间材料（124）的宽度（Woil）以消除管（120）的表面损伤（烧蚀）。或者，介质（122）可具有消除表面消融（例如，套环形状）和/或与管（120）的形状匹配的几何形状。多于一个的光栅或一对光栅可以被写入管封装的光纤中，或者一个或多个光栅可以被形成在被封装在管（120）中的多个光纤（28,250）中。此外，纤维（28）上的高强度写入光束（26,34）可以通过使介质（122）具有预定厚度（T）来实现。

49. 发明申请

WO0039548A3 STRAIN-ISOLATED BRAGG GRATING TEMPERATURE SENSOR 审中-公开
标题翻译：应变隔离布拉格光栅温度传感器
公开(公告)号：WO0039548A3
公开(公告)日：2000-09-21
申请号：PCT/US9928866
申请日：1999-12-06
申请人： CIDRA CORP
发明人： WRIGHT CHRISTOPHER J , BAILEY TIMOTHY J , FERNALD MARK R , SULLIVAN JAMES M , DAVIS MICHAEL A , DUNPHY JAMES R , KERSEY ALAN D , PUTNAM MARTIN A , BRUCATO ROBERT N , SANDERS PAUL E
IPC分类号： G01K11/32
CPC分类号： G01K11/32
摘要： A strain-isolated Bragg grating temperature sensor includes an optical sensing element (20, 600) which includes an optical fiber (10) having at least one Bragg grating (12) disposed therein which is encased within and fused to at least a portion of a glass capillary tube (20) and/or a large diameter waveguide grating (600) having a core and a wide cladding and having the grating (12) disposed therein, which senses temperature changes but is substantially not sensitive to strains on the element caused by the fiber or other effects. Light (14) is incident on the grating (12) and light (16) is reflected at a reflection wavelength lambda 1. The shape of the sensing element (20, 600) may be other geometries and/or more than one concentric tube may be used or more than one grating or pair of gratings may be used or more than one fiber or optical core may be used. At least a portion of the element (20, 600) may be doped between a pair of gratings (150, 152), disposed therein to form a temperature tuneable laser or the grating (12) or gratings (150, 152) may be constructed as a temperature tuneable DFB laser disposed in the element. Also, the element may have an inner or outer tapered regions (22, 27), respectively, to provide strain relief and/or added pull strength for the fiber (10). Further, the fiber (10) and the tube (20) may be made of different coefficients of thermal expansion for increased sensitivity.
摘要翻译：一种应变隔离布拉格光栅温度传感器包括光学传感元件（20,600），该光学传感元件包括光纤（10），光纤（10）中布置有至少一个布拉格光栅（12），所述布拉格光栅（12）被包封在并且熔合到至少一部分玻璃毛细管（20）和/或大直径波导光栅（600），其具有芯和宽包层并且具有设置在其中的光栅（12），其检测温度变化但基本上不会对由纤维或其他影响。光（14）入射在光栅（12）上并且光（16）以反射波长λ1反射。感测元件（20,600）的形状可以是其他几何形状和/或多于一个的同心管可以或者可以使用多于一个光栅或一对光栅，或者可以使用多于一个的光纤或光学芯。元件（20,600）的至少一部分可以被掺杂在设置在其中的一对光栅（150,152）之间以形成温度可调激光器，或者光栅（12）或光栅（150,152）可以被构造作为设置在元件中的温度可调的DFB激光器。而且，该元件可分别具有内部或外部锥形区域（22,27），以为光纤（10）提供应力消除和/或增加的拉力。此外，为了提高灵敏度，纤维（10）和管（20）可以由不同的热膨胀系数构成。

50. 发明申请

WO0000793A8 FLUID PARAMETER MEASUREMENT IN PIPES USING ACOUSTIC PRESSURES 审中-公开
标题翻译：用声学压力测量管道中的流体参数
公开(公告)号：WO0000793A8
公开(公告)日：2000-03-30
申请号：PCT/US9914589
申请日：1999-06-28
申请人： CIDRA CORP
发明人： GYSLING DANIEL L , KERSEY ALAN D , PADUANO JAMES D
IPC分类号： G01F1/66 , G01F1/86 , G01N29/024 , G01N29/42 , G01N29/46 , G01F1/74
CPC分类号： G01H5/00 , G01N29/024 , G01N29/42 , G01N29/46 , G01N2291/0217 , G01N2291/0222 , G01N2291/0224 , G01N2291/02836 , G01N2291/02845 , G01N2291/02872 , G01N2291/106
摘要： At least one parameter of at least one fluid in a pipe (12) is measured using a spatial array of acoustic pressure sensors (14, 16, 18) placed at predetermined axial locations x1,x2,x3 along the pipe (12). The pressure sensors (14, 16, 18) provide acoustic pressure signals P1(t), P2(t), P3(t) on lines (20, 22, 24) which are provided to signal processing logic (60) which determines the speed of sound amix of the fluid (or mixture) in the pipe (12) using acoustic spatial array signal processing techniques with the direction of propagation of the acoustic signals along the longitudinal axis of the pipe (12). Numerous spatial array processing techniques may be employed to determined the speed of sound amix. The speed of sound amix is provided to logic (48) which calculates the percent composition of the mixture, e.g., water fraction, or any other parameter of the mixture or fluid which is related to the sound speed amix. The logic (60) may also determine the mach number (MX) of the fluid. The acoustic pressure signals P1(t), P2(t), P3(t) measured are lower frequency (and longer wavelength) signals than those used for ultrasonic flow meters, and thus is more tolerant to inhomogeneities in the flow. No external source is required and thus may operate using passive listening. The invention will work with arbitrary sensor spacing and with as few as two sensors if certain information is known about the acoustic properties of the system.
摘要翻译：管（12）中的至少一种流体的至少一个参数使用沿着管（12）放置在预定轴向位置x 1，x 2，x 3处的声压传感器（14,16,18）的空间阵列来测量。压力传感器（14,16,18）在提供给信号处理逻辑（60）的线（20,22,24）上提供声压信号P1（t），P2（t），P3（t）（12）中的流体（或混合物）的声音混合速度与声学信号沿着管道（12）的纵向轴线的传播方向的声学空间阵列信号处理技术的速度。许多空间阵列处理技术可以用于确定声音速度。声音的速度被提供给逻辑（48），逻辑（48）计算混合物的百分比组成，例如水分，或者与声速有关的混合物或流体的任何其他参数。逻辑（60）也可以确定流体的马赫数（MX）。测量的声压信号P1（t），P2（t），P3（t）是比用于超声波流量计的信号低的频率（和更长的波长）信号，并且因此更容忍流体中的不均匀性。不需要外部源，因此可以使用被动收听进行操作。如果知道关于系统的声学特性的某些信息，本发明将以任意传感器间隔和少至两个传感器来工作。

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