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    • 31. 发明授权
    • Method and apparatus for spark spectroscopy by deriving light from limited portions of the spark discharge
    • 通过从闪电放出的有限部分衍射光来进行光谱分析的方法和装置
    • US3815995A
    • 1974-06-11
    • US22360572
    • 1972-02-04
    • WISCONSIN ALUMNI RES FOUND
    • WALTERS JGOLDSTEIN SEATON W
    • G01N21/67H01J49/18G01J3/30
    • G01N21/67H01J49/18
    • A stabilized spark discharge is produced so that the electrical spark always follows substantially the same path or channel between anode and cathode electrodes forming an analytical spark gap. The cathode is preferably made of, coated with, or otherwise supplied with the sample material to be analyzed. Greatly improved spectroscopic analysis is made possible be deriving the light for carring out such spectroscopic analysis only from preselected portions of the spark discharge such as the luminous wings outside the spark channel. Such unique portions or shells are caused by the rapid expansion of the plume or cloud of the sample material explosively vaporized from the cathode by the spark discharge. The spectral lines derived from the wings of the discharge are due largely to the excited vapor of the sample material without substantial interference from the complicated background spectral lines emitted by the spark channel due to the ionized gas which supports the spark discharge and also due to the interaction between the ionized gas and the vapor of the sample material. The spark discharge may be stabilized by producing the discharge between an anode in the form of a sharply pointed pin and cathode having a flat or other surface confronting the anode; and by surrounding the sharply pointed pin with a laminar stream of argon or some otjer readily ionizable gas directed along the axis of the spark gas so as to impinge upon the cathode, and flowing at a rapid rate so as to sweep away or spatially arrange the products of each spark between the repetitive sparks. The spark current should be uni-directional to enhance the discharge stability and to avoid the vaporization of solid material from the anode.
    • 产生稳定的火花放电,使得电火花始终遵循形成分析火花隙的阳极和阴极之间基本相同的路径或通道。 阴极优选由要分析的样品材料制成,涂覆或以其他方式提供。 通过大量改进的光谱分析,可以得出仅从火花放电的预选部分(例如火花通道外的发光翅膀)进行这种光谱分析的光。 这种独特的部分或壳体是由于通过火花放电从阴极爆炸性汽化的样品材料的羽流或云的迅速膨胀引起的。 源自放电翅膀的光谱线主要是由于样品材料的激发蒸气,由于支持火花放电的电离气体而由火花通道发出的复杂背景谱线的实质干扰,并且还由于 电离气体与样品材料的蒸汽之间的相互作用。 可以通过在尖锐的针形式的阳极和具有与阳极相对的平坦或其它表面的阴极之间产生放电来稳定火花放电; 并且通过围绕尖锐的针,其具有层流的氩或一些易于电离的气体,其沿着火花塞的轴线引导,以便撞击阴极,并且以快速的速度流动以便扫除或空间地布置 每个火花产生的重复火花之间。 火花电流应该是单向的,以提高放电稳定性,并避免固体材料从阳极蒸发。
    • 37. 发明专利
    • MASS SPECTROMETRY DEVICE FOR IONIZATION UNDER ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE
    • JPH02309548A
    • 1990-12-25
    • JP12953489
    • 1989-05-23
    • HITACHI LTD
    • TAJIMA EIJI
    • G01N27/62H01J49/18
    • PURPOSE:To stabilize corona discharge by positioning a needle electrode for generating corona discharge and a counter electrodes thereof micro-movably, and conforming them to the axis of an ion drawing electrode. CONSTITUTION:Corona discharge is generated between a needle electrode 1 and a counter electrode 2 thereof, and the ion 5 of ionized assay sample particles 4 are moved by an ion drawing electrode 3. Both of the needle electrode 1 and the counter electrode 2 are supported by a discharge electrode axis 7, and the both electrodes are micro-movable on a line connecting the both electrodes. The discharge electrode axis 7 is micro-movable with an electric motor through any of a rack-and-gear or a screw feed, and the direction thereof are the direction transverse to the moving direction of the needle electrode 1 and the axis XX' of the ion drawing electrode. The position of the needle electrode 1 and the counter electrode 2 facing to each other with the axis XX' between them are thereby accurately decided, and corona discharge is stabilized.