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31. 发明授权

US06762839B2 System and method for performing selected optical measurements utilizing a position changeable aperture 失效
标题翻译：使用位置可变孔径进行选择的光学测量的系统和方法
公开(公告)号：US06762839B2
公开(公告)日：2004-07-13
申请号：US10201404
申请日：2002-07-22
申请人： Iosif Zeylikovich , Robert R. Alfano
发明人： Iosif Zeylikovich , Robert R. Alfano
IPC分类号： G01B902
CPC分类号： A61B5/4872 , A61B5/0059 , A61B5/0066 , A61B5/0068 , A61B5/0073 , A61B5/0084 , G01B9/02007 , G01B9/02014 , G01B9/0209 , G01B9/02091 , G01B11/00 , G01B11/06 , G01B11/303 , G01N21/4795
摘要： A system and method for performing selected optical measurements on a sample is provided utilizing an optical coherence domain reflectometer which includes a diffraction grating. A broad band light source produces light having a short coherence length. A beamsplitter splits the light into a signal beam and a reference beam. A reference mirror is disposed to receive the reference beam. A lens brings the signal beam to focus on the sample. A diffraction grating receives reflections from the sample and from the reference mirror, the reflections being incident on the diffraction grating with respect to said diffraction grating normal such that a positive diffraction order from one of the reflections and a negative diffraction order from the other one of the reflections and a negative diffraction order from the other one of the reflections propagate along a common path. A lens collects the diffracted order from the diffraction grating directed along the common path and brings the diffracted orders to focus on a detector, the detector producing an output of said positive and negative diffracted orders received. A computer processes the output from the detector. In other versions of the invention, reflections from the sample are not directed onto the diffraction grating but instead are combined with a diffracted order from reflections from the reference mirror.
摘要翻译：使用包括衍射光栅的光学相干域反射计提供用于对样本进行选择的光学测量的系统和方法。宽带光源产生具有短相干长度的光。分束器将光分解成信号光束和参考光束。配置参考镜以接收参考光束。透镜使信号光束聚焦在样品上。衍射光栅从样品和参考反射镜接收反射，反射相对于所述衍射光栅法线入射在衍射光栅上，使得来自反射之一的正衍射级和来自另一个的反射衍射级来自另一个反射的反射和负衍射级沿着公共路径传播。透镜从沿着公共路径引导的衍射光栅收集衍射顺序，并将衍射次序聚焦在检测器上，检测器产生接收到的所述正和负衍射级的输出。计算机处理来自检测器的输出。在本发明的其他形式中，来自样品的反射不指向衍射光栅，而是与来自参考反射镜的反射的衍射顺序组合。

32. 发明授权

US5278403A Femtosecond streak camera 失效
标题翻译：飞秒条纹相机
公开(公告)号：US5278403A
公开(公告)日：1994-01-11
申请号：US693242
申请日：1991-04-29
申请人： Robert R. Alfano , Yoshihiro Takiguchi , Katsuyuki Kinoshita
发明人： Robert R. Alfano , Yoshihiro Takiguchi , Katsuyuki Kinoshita
IPC分类号： H01J31/50 , H01J40/14
CPC分类号： H01J31/502
摘要： A streak camera having improved time resolving capacity in the femtosecond regime. The streak camera uses magnetic and/or electric fields in such a way as to minimize the adverse effects of angular distribution and energy distribution of photoelectrons simultaneously emitted from a photocathode in response to the impinging of light thereon. In one embodiment, the streak camera comprises a streak camera tube including a housing, the housing having disposed therein a photocathode, an aperture sized to selectively permit the passage therethrough of substantially on-axis photoelectrons, an accelerating mesh, a pair of focusing electrodes or a cylindrical focusing electrode for focusing the photoelectrons into a beam, a pair of isolation plates or an isolation cylindrical, means for creating an electric field and/or a magnetic field, whereby the beam of photoelectrons passing therethrough is caused to be dispersed into a plurality of trajectories in accordance with the distribution of velocities of the photoelectrons, an aperture sized to selectively permit the passage therethrough of photoelectrons traveling along a narrow band of trajectories, i.e. photoelectrons within a narrow velocity range, a pair of sweep electrodes, a microchannel plate, and a phosphor screen. The streak camera also includes an input slit disposed in front of the photocathode and optics for imaging the input slit on the photocathode. To minimize dispersion of the optical pulse as it is focused onto the photocathode, the optics preferably include a mirror arrangement instead of a lens system.
摘要翻译：一种具有改善飞秒状态下时间分辨能力的条纹相机。条纹相机以这样的方式使用磁场和/或电场，以便最小化响应于其上的光的入射而同时从光电阴极发射的光电子的角分布和能量分布的不利影响。在一个实施例中，条纹照相机包括条纹相机管，其包括壳体，壳体中设置有光电阴极，孔径的尺寸被设计成选择性地允许基本上轴向光电子的通过，加速网，一对聚焦电极或用于将光电子聚焦到光束中的圆柱形聚焦电极，一对隔离板或隔离圆柱形，用于产生电场和/或磁场的装置，由此使通过其的光电子束被分散成多个根据光电子的速度分布的轨迹的孔径，孔径选择性地允许沿着窄带轨迹（即，在窄速度范围内的光电子）行进的光电子的通过，一对扫掠电极，微通道板，和荧光屏。条纹相机还包括设置在光电阴极前面的输入狭缝和用于对光电阴极上的输入狭缝成像的光学器件。为了使光脉冲在聚焦到光电阴极上的色散最小化，光学元件优选地包括镜子装置而不是透镜系统。

33. 发明授权

US5136530A Ultrafast digital optical signal processing using a Venn diagram based spatial encoding technique 失效
标题翻译：使用基于维恩图的空间编码技术的超快数字光信号处理
公开(公告)号：US5136530A
公开(公告)日：1992-08-04
申请号：US559122
申请日：1990-07-26
申请人： Yao Li , Roger Dorsinville , Robert R. Alfano
发明人： Yao Li , Roger Dorsinville , Robert R. Alfano
IPC分类号： G06E1/04
CPC分类号： G06E1/04
摘要： An ultrafast digital optical signal processor includes a body of a third order nonlinear material and three input beams, two beams counterproprogating in the material on-axis and the third beam propagating off-axis, all simultaneously, to generate an output beam that counterpropogates with respect to the off-axis input beams. A set of three voltage controlled spatial light modulators are used for encoding the three input beams in accordance with a three-set Venn diagram based encoding scheme. The output beam is split into two parts which are decoded separately using a mask for one beam part and a spatial light modulator for the other beam part.
摘要翻译：超快速数字光信号处理器包括三阶非线性材料的主体和三个输入光束，在轴上的材料中相互排斥的两个光束和离轴传播的第三光束，同时全部产生相对于相反的输出光束到离轴输入光束。根据三组基于维恩图的编码方案，一组三个压控空间光调制器用于对三个输入光束进行编码。输出光束被分成两部分，分别使用一个光束部分的掩模和另一个光束部分的空间光调制器进行解码。

34. 发明授权

US5061075A Optical method and apparatus for diagnosing human spermatozoa 失效
标题翻译：用于诊断人类精子的光学方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US5061075A
公开(公告)日：1991-10-29
申请号：US390703
申请日：1989-08-07
申请人： Robert R. Alfano , George R. Nagamatsu , Nobutoshi Oka
发明人： Robert R. Alfano , George R. Nagamatsu , Nobutoshi Oka
IPC分类号： G01N21/64 , G01P13/00
CPC分类号： G01N21/6445 , G01P13/00
摘要： The sperm count of a specimen of sperm is measured by exciting the specimen with a beam of substantially monochromatic light, then measuring the intensity of the intrinsic native fluorescence emitted or the scattered light from the specimen, and then determining the sperm count using the intensity measurements. The motitily of a specimen of sperm is determined by exciting the specimen with a beam of substantially monochromatic polarized light, then measuring the intensity of the parallel and perpendicular components of the intrinsic native fluorescene emitted or the intensity of the scattered light from the specimen at a predetermined wavelength; and then determining the motitily using the two intensity measurements with parallel and perpendicular polarizations.
摘要翻译：精子样本的精子计数通过激发具有基本上单色光束的样本，然后测量发射的固有天生荧光的强度或来自样本的散射光的强度，然后使用强度测量法确定精子计数。通过用基本单色偏振光束激发样本，然后测量发射的本征天然荧光的平行和垂直分量的强度或来自样品的散射光的强度来确定精子标本的动力预定波长; 然后确定动态地使用具有平行和垂直极化的两个强度测量。

35. 发明授权

US4918635A Ultrafast digital photonic signal processing using optical noncollinear second harmonic generation 失效
标题翻译：使用光学非共线二次谐波生成的超快数字光信号处理
公开(公告)号：US4918635A
公开(公告)日：1990-04-17
申请号：US271566
申请日：1988-11-15
申请人： Yao Li , Robert R. Alfano , George Eichmann
发明人： Yao Li , Robert R. Alfano , George Eichmann
IPC分类号： G06E1/04
CPC分类号： G06E1/04
摘要： A technique for performing multiplication oriented optical digital computations in which a pair of identical primary frequency coherent beams of light are directed off-axis through a second harmonic generating crystal to produce an on-axis frequency doubled (i.e. second harmonic) output signal. Each primary beam is encoded with one of the quantities to be multiplied producing an output beam containing the product of the two quantities. The output beam is detected by an array type detector. The technique can be used in performing time integration applications as well as spatial integration applications. For space integration applications a cylindrical lens is positioned in front of the array detector. Multistage operations are realized using a parameteric frequency down conversion and amplification scheme.
摘要翻译：一种用于执行乘法定向光学数字计算的技术，其中一对相同的主要频率相干光束通过二次谐波产生晶体离轴指向以产生轴上倍频（即二次谐波）输出信号。每个主光束被编码为要乘以的量之一，产生包含两个量的乘积的输出光束。输出光束由阵列型检测器检测。该技术可用于执行时间集成应用程序以及空间集成应用程序。对于空间集成应用，柱面透镜位于阵列检测器的前面。使用参数降频转换和放大方案实现多级操作。

36. 再颁专利

USRE31815E Method and apparatus for detecting the presence of caries in teeth using visible luminescence 失效
标题翻译：用于使用可见发光检测牙齿中龋齿的存在的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：USRE31815E
公开(公告)日：1985-01-29
申请号：US381170
申请日：1982-05-24
申请人： Robert R. Alfano
发明人： Robert R. Alfano
IPC分类号： A61B5/00 , A61C19/04 , A61M5/00 , G01N21/64
CPC分类号： G01N21/6486 , A61B5/0088 , A61C19/04 , A61M5/00
摘要： A method and apparatus for detecting the presence of caries in human teeth using visible luminescence. A region to be examined is excited with a beam of monochromatic light. The intensity of the visible light emitted from the region is measured at two predetermined wavelengths, one where the intensity dependence of the spectra is about the same for caries and noncaries and the other where the relative intensity increases significantly in the presence of caries. A signal corresponding to the difference in the two intensities is obtained and then displayed. By first determining the magnitude of the difference signal at a nondecayed region, any increases in the magnitude as other regions are probed indicate the presence of caries. The invention is based on the discovery that the visible luminescence spectra for decayed and nondecayed regions of a human tooth are substantially different and that the differences are such that visible luminescence from teeth can be used to detect the presence of caries.

37. 发明公开

US20240133814A1 RAMAN SCATTERING FROM ORBITAL AND SPIN ANGULAR MOMENTUM IN MATERIALS 审中-公开
公开(公告)号：US20240133814A1
公开(公告)日：2024-04-25
申请号：US18458988
申请日：2023-08-30
申请人： Robert R. Alfano
发明人： Robert R. Alfano , Sandra Mamani Reyes
IPC分类号： G01N21/65
CPC分类号： G01N21/65 , G01N2201/06113 , G01N2201/0633
摘要： A method for obtaining a polarized orbital angular momentum Raman spectrum using vector vortex beams, includes the steps of emitting a polarized laser light from a laser source. The polarized laser light is passed through a narrow band filter that is then passed through a section of wave plates (quarter or half wave plate) to generate polarized light (linear, circular, radial and azimuthal), then through a q-plate (vortex retarder or spiral plate) to give a vortex structure topology carrying orbital angular momentum with a helical phase. The polarized vector vortex light is then directed to contact a sample, thereby producing a Raman scatter beam. The Raman scatter beam is passed back and collected into a spectrometer, thereby obtaining a Raman scattering spectrum of the sample to investigate the matching of the multipoles of the material and the multipoles of the light. A method for transmission with Multiple expansions of orbital angular momentum in rat cerebellum tissue is also disclosed. In general, we use polarized Laguerre-Gaussian vector vortex beams as a topology multipole model to describe and study the light matter interaction for Raman and transmission using the fact that the optical vortices and material can possess Multipoles denoted as L in form of monopole (L=0), dipole (L=1), quadrupole (L=2), octupole (L=3), hexidecapole (L=4) and higher orders. These multipoles can be involved with the matching up with the symmetry of the moments involved with vibrational states in Raman processes.

38. 发明申请

US20170049328A1 RAMAN AND RESONANT RAMAN DETECTION OF VULNERABLE PLAQUE OPTICAL ANALYZER AND IMAGER 审中-公开
标题翻译：拉曼和谐波拉曼检测易受攻击的光学分析仪和成像器
公开(公告)号：US20170049328A1
公开(公告)日：2017-02-23
申请号：US15243607
申请日：2016-08-22
申请人： Robert R. Alfano , Cheng-hui Liu , Vidyasagar Sriramoju
发明人： Robert R. Alfano , Cheng-hui Liu , Vidyasagar Sriramoju
IPC分类号： A61B5/00 , A61B5/02
CPC分类号： A61B5/0086 , A61B5/0075 , A61B5/02007 , A61B2562/0238
摘要： Vulnerable plaque (VP) is the main cause of death from heart attacks. All currently available methods developed to diagnose VP lack sensitivity and or specificity and are still unable to identify VP. Our patent addresses the problem to diagnose VP in arteries. The teachings here disclose a vulnerable plaque optical analyzer (VPOA) and Imager (VOPAI) for monitoring arterial walls by measuring whether the fingerprint Raman spectrum of adipose (lipid) tissue using Resonance Raman (RR) and common Raman(R) signals of aortic intimal wall layer. The RR and R lines of lipid determine presentation of VP.
摘要翻译：易受伤害的斑块（VP）是心脏病发作死亡的主要原因。目前开发用于诊断VP的所有方法缺乏灵敏度和/或特异性，仍然无法识别VP。我们的专利解决了诊断动脉中VP的问题。这里的教导公开了通过使用共振拉曼（RR）和主动脉内膜的共同拉曼（R）信号测量脂肪（脂质）组织的指纹拉曼光谱来监测动脉壁的易损斑块光学分析仪（VPOA）和成像仪（VOPAI）墙层。脂质的RR和R线决定VP的呈现。

39. 发明授权

US08518445B2 Changing skin-color perception using quantum and optical principles in cosmetic preparations 有权
标题翻译：在化妆品制剂中使用量子和光学原理改变肤色感觉
公开(公告)号：US08518445B2
公开(公告)日：2013-08-27
申请号：US11656738
申请日：2007-01-22
申请人： Robert R. Alfano , Xiaohui Ni , Manuel Zevallos
发明人： Robert R. Alfano , Xiaohui Ni , Manuel Zevallos
IPC分类号： A61K9/14
CPC分类号： A61Q1/02 , A61K8/0241 , A61K8/025 , A61K2800/413 , A61K2800/42 , A61K2800/43 , A61K2800/434 , A61K2800/651 , A61Q1/12 , B82Y5/00
摘要： The present invention teaches how to change the skin color perception, mainly the facial color from red, blue or yellow to white appearance, using quantum and optical principles. By selecting the right size and material of particles compounded in cosmetic preparations and applying the preparations to the skin, the scattering and/or emission from micro- and nanoparticles can provide a complementary color or in proximity to that complementary color of the skin color. The mixture of the color provided by the particles and the reflected color from the skin will whiten the skin or make inconspicuous of the hyperchromic portion of the skin. The invention can also be used for other applications in which the particles can be applied to a surface or blended into a material, such as, for example, automobile paint, house paint, glass color and nail polish.
摘要翻译：本发明教导如何使用量子和光学原理将皮肤颜色感觉，主要是从红色，蓝色或黄色到白色外观的颜色变化。通过选择化妆品制剂中复合的颗粒的合适尺寸和材料，并将制剂施用于皮肤，来自微米和纳米颗粒的散射和/或发射可以提供互补色或接近肤色的互补色。由颗粒提供的颜色和来自皮肤的反射颜色的混合物将使皮肤变白或使皮肤的变色部分不显眼。本发明也可用于其中可将颗粒施用于表面或掺入材料中的其它应用，例如汽车涂料，房屋涂料，玻璃颜色和指甲油。

40. 发明授权

US07986989B2 Phosphorescence and fluorescence spectroscopy for detection of cancer and pre-cancer from normal/benign regions 有权
标题翻译：用于从正常/良性区域检测癌症和癌前期的磷光和荧光光谱
公开(公告)号：US07986989B2
公开(公告)日：2011-07-26
申请号：US11521170
申请日：2006-09-14
申请人： Robert R. Alfano , Aleksandra Alimova , Alvin Katz
发明人： Robert R. Alfano , Aleksandra Alimova , Alvin Katz
IPC分类号： A61B6/00 , G01N21/64 , G01N21/76
CPC分类号： A61B5/0059 , A61B5/0091
摘要： The present application is directed to methods for detecting cancerous, pre-cancerous and benign/normal tissue using phosphorescence or the combination of fluorescence and phosphorescence emission from the tissue excited in 280 to 340 nm range. In particular, the application describes methods using a ratio of intensity of fluorescence emission to intensity of phosphorescence emission to provide a rapid cancer, pre-cancer and benign detection method. Normal human breast and prostate tissue, excited in 270 to 300 nm range, express the emission signatures at 340 nm, 440 nm and 500 nm. Cancerous tissue shows only minor emissions at 500 nm, thus the ratio of 340 nm peak to 500 nm peak emission intensities provides information about malignancy of a tissue. Fiber optic based instrumentation can be used to collect the luminescence signal from an area of a tissue less than 1 mm in diameter and using the described method can be screened to determine the state of the tissue sample taken. The combination of fiber optics and 2D translation stage provides 2D maps of intensity's ratio of the tissue surface and aids in localizing the malignancy region of the tissue.
摘要翻译：本申请涉及使用磷光检测癌症，癌前和良性/正常组织或从280-340nm范围激发的组织的荧光和磷光发射的组合来检测的方法。特别地，本申请描述了使用荧光发射强度与磷光发射强度之比来提供快速癌症，癌前和良性检测方法的方法。在270〜300nm范围内激发的正常人体乳腺和前列腺组织在340nm，440nm和500nm处表达发射特征。癌组织在500nm处仅显示轻微的发射，因此340nm峰值与500nm峰值发射强度之比提供关于组织恶性肿瘤的信息。可以使用基于光纤的仪器从直径小于1mm的组织的区域收集发光信号，并且可以筛选所描述的方法以确定所采集的组织样品的状态。纤维光学和2D平移阶段的组合提供了组织表面强度比的2D图，并有助于定位组织的恶性肿瘤区域。

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