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31. 发明授权

US5536615A Liquid developers and toner aggregation processes 失效
标题翻译：液体显影剂和调色剂聚集过程
公开(公告)号：US5536615A
公开(公告)日：1996-07-16
申请号：US498206
申请日：1995-07-05
申请人： Michael A. Hopper , Raj D. Patel , Grazyna E. Kmiecik-Lawrynowicz , Peter G. Odell , Bernard Grushkin , George A. Gibson
发明人： Michael A. Hopper , Raj D. Patel , Grazyna E. Kmiecik-Lawrynowicz , Peter G. Odell , Bernard Grushkin , George A. Gibson
IPC分类号： G03G9/08 , G03G9/12 , G03G9/135 , G03G9/13
CPC分类号： G03G9/12 , G03G9/0804 , G03G9/0819 , G03G9/1355
摘要： A process for the preparation of liquid developers comprising:(i) preparing a pigment dispersion, which dispersion is comprised of a pigment, and an ionic surfactant;(ii) shearing said pigment dispersion with a latex or emulsion blend comprised of a nonionic surfactant, resin, and a counterionic surfactant with a charge polarity of opposite sign to that of said ionic surfactant and optionally adding further anionic, or nonionic surfactant to stabilize the aggregates obtained in (iii);(iii) heating the above resulting sheared aqueous blend below about the glass transition temperature (Tg) of the resin to form toner size aggregates with a narrow particle size distribution;(iv) heating said bound aggregates above about the Tg of the resin to form toner size particles in an aqueous medium and which particles possess a narrow particle size distribution; and(v) separating from the aqueous medium toner particles of resin and pigment, and dispersing said toner particles in a carrier fluid.
摘要翻译：一种用于制备液体显影剂的方法，包括：（i）制备颜料分散体，该分散体由颜料和离子表面活性剂组成; （ii）用包含非离子表面活性剂，树脂和抗衡离子表面活性剂的胶乳或乳液共混物剪切所述颜料分散体，所述非离子表面活性剂，树脂和所述离子表面活性剂的电荷极性与所述离子表面活性剂具有相反的电荷极性，（iii）中得到的聚集体; （iii）将上述所得的剪切含水混合物加热到低于树脂的玻璃化转变温度（Tg）的温度以形成具有窄粒度分布的调色剂尺寸聚集体; （iv）将所述结合的聚集体加热到树脂的Tg附近，以在水性介质中形成调色剂颗粒，并且该颗粒具有窄的粒度分布; 和（v）从水性介质中分离树脂和颜料的调色剂颗粒，并将所述调色剂颗粒分散在载体流体中。

32. 发明授权

US5650252A Toner grafting processes 失效
标题翻译：调色剂接枝工艺
公开(公告)号：US5650252A
公开(公告)日：1997-07-22
申请号：US669118
申请日：1996-06-24
申请人： T. Hwee Ng , Arthur Helbrecht , Raj D. Patel , Michael A. Hopper , Richard P. N. Veregin
发明人： T. Hwee Ng , Arthur Helbrecht , Raj D. Patel , Michael A. Hopper , Richard P. N. Veregin
IPC分类号： G03G9/08 , G03G9/087
CPC分类号： G03G9/0804 , G03G9/0806 , G03G9/0815
摘要： A process for the preparation of toner comprising:(i) preparing a pigment dispersion, which dispersion is comprised of a pigment, an ionic surfactant, and optionally a charge control agent;(ii) shearing said pigment dispersion with a latex or emulsion blend comprised of resin, a counterionic surfactant with a charge polarity of opposite sign to that of said ionic surfactant and a nonionic surfactant;(iii) heating the above sheared blend below about the glass transition temperature (Tg) of the resin to form electrostatically bound toner size aggregates with a narrow particle size distribution;(iv) heating said bound aggregates above about the Tg of the resin; and(v) thereafter washing the toner obtained, adding initiator, adding monomer, polymerizing by heating, and thereafter cooling, followed by an optional second washing.
摘要翻译：一种制备调色剂的方法，包括：（i）制备颜料分散体，该分散体由颜料，离子表面活性剂和任选的电荷控制剂组成; （ii）用由树脂，具有与所述离子表面活性剂的电荷极性相反的电荷极性的抗衡离子表面活性剂和非离子表面活性剂的胶乳或乳液共混物剪切所述颜料分散体; （iii）将上述剪切混合物加热至低于树脂的玻璃化转变温度（Tg），以形成具有窄粒度分布的静电结合的调色剂尺寸聚集体; （iv）将所述结合的聚集体加热到树脂的Tg附近; 和（v）然后洗涤所获得的调色剂，加入引发剂，加入单体，通过加热进行聚合，然后冷却，然后进行任选的第二次洗涤。

33. 发明授权

US5418108A Toner emulsion aggregation process 失效
标题翻译：调色剂乳液聚集工艺
公开(公告)号：US5418108A
公开(公告)日：1995-05-23
申请号：US082741
申请日：1993-06-25
申请人： Grazyna E. Kmiecik-Lawrynowicz , Raj D. Patel
发明人： Grazyna E. Kmiecik-Lawrynowicz , Raj D. Patel
IPC分类号： G03G9/087 , G03G9/08
CPC分类号： G03G9/0804 , G03G9/0815 , Y10S528/936
摘要： A process for the preparation of toner compositions with controlled particle size and selected morphology comprising(i) preparing a pigment dispersion in water, which dispersion is comprised of pigment, ionic surfactant, and optionally a charge control agent;(ii) shearing the pigment dispersion with a polymeric latex comprised of resin of submicron size, a counterionic surfactant with a charge polarity of opposite sign to that of said ionic surfactant and a nonionic surfactant thereby causing a flocculation or heterocoagulation of the formed particles of pigment, resin and charge control agent, and generating a uniform blend dispersion of solids of resin, pigment, and optional charge control agent in the water and surfactants;(iii) (a) continuously stirring and heating the above sheared blend to form electrostatically bound toner size aggregates; or(iii) (b) further shearing the above blend to form electrostatically bound well packed aggregates; or(iii) (c) continuously shearing the above blend, while heating to form aggregated flake-like particles;(iv) heating the above formed aggregated particles about above the Tg of the resin to provide coalesced particles of toner; and optionally(v) separating said toner particles from water and surfactants; and(vi) drying said toner particles.
摘要翻译：一种制备具有受控粒度和选定形态的调色剂组合物的方法，包括（i）在水中制备颜料分散体，该分散体由颜料，离子表面活性剂和任选的电荷控制剂组成; （ii）用由亚微米尺寸的树脂构成的聚合物胶乳剪切颜料分散体，具有与所述离子表面活性剂相反的电荷极性的反离子表面活性剂和非离子表面活性剂，从而引起所形成的颜料颗粒的絮凝或杂合树脂和电荷控制剂，并在水和表面活性剂中产生树脂，颜料和任选的电荷控制剂固体的均匀混合分散体; （iii）（a）连续搅拌和加热上述剪切混合物以形成静电结合的调色剂尺寸聚集体; 或（iii）（b）进一步剪切上述共混物以形成静电结合的良好堆积的聚集体; 或（iii）（c）连续地剪切上述共混物，同时加热形成聚集的片状颗粒; （iv）将上述形成的聚集颗粒加热到高于树脂的Tg的高度，以提供调色剂的聚结颗粒; 和（v）从水和表面活性剂中分离所述调色剂颗粒; 和（vi）干燥所述调色剂颗粒。

34. 发明授权

US5840462A Toner processes 失效
标题翻译：墨粉处理
公开(公告)号：US5840462A
公开(公告)日：1998-11-24
申请号：US6622
申请日：1998-01-13
申请人： Daniel A. Foucher , Raj D. Patel , Guerino G. Sacripante , Grazyna E. Kmiecik-Lawrynowicz
发明人： Daniel A. Foucher , Raj D. Patel , Guerino G. Sacripante , Grazyna E. Kmiecik-Lawrynowicz
IPC分类号： G03G9/08 , G03G9/087 , G03G9/09
CPC分类号： G03G9/08755 , G03G9/0804 , G03G9/09
摘要： A process for the preparation of toner which involves i) flushing a colorant into a sulfonated polyester resin; ii) mixing an organic soluble dye with the colorant polyester resin of i); iii) dispersing the resulting mixture into warm water thereby enabling the formation of submicron particles; iv) allowing the resulting solution to cool below about, or about equal to the glass transition temperature of said sulfonated polyester resin; v) adding an alkali halide solution and heating; and optionally vi) recovering said toner, followed by washing and drying.
摘要翻译：一种制备调色剂的方法，其包括：i）将着色剂冲洗成磺化聚酯树脂; ii）将有机可溶性染料与i）的着色剂聚酯树脂混合; iii）将所得混合物分散到温水中，从而形成亚微米颗粒; iv）使所得溶液冷却至低于或约等于所述磺化聚酯树脂的玻璃化转变温度的水平; v）加入卤化碱溶液并加热; 并且可选地，vi）回收所述调色剂，然后洗涤和干燥。

35. 发明授权

US5348832A Toner compositions 失效
标题翻译：调色剂组合物
公开(公告)号：US5348832A
公开(公告)日：1994-09-20
申请号：US69792
申请日：1993-06-01
申请人： Guerino G. Sacripante , Raj D. Patel , Grazyna E. Kmiecik-Lawrynowicz
发明人： Guerino G. Sacripante , Raj D. Patel , Grazyna E. Kmiecik-Lawrynowicz
IPC分类号： C08G63/688 , G03G9/087
CPC分类号： C08G63/6886 , G03G9/08755
摘要： A toner composition comprised of pigment, and a sulfonated polyester of the formula or as essentially represented by the formula ##STR1## wherein M is an ion independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, ammonium, an alkali metal ion, an alkaline earth metal ion and a metal ion; R is independently selected from the group consisting of aryl and alkyl; R' is independently selected from the group consisting of alkyl and oxyalkylene; and wherein n and o represent random segments; and wherein the sum of n and o are equal to 100 mole percent.
摘要翻译：由颜料组成的调色剂组合物和下式的磺化聚酯或基本上由式（I）表示的其中M是独立地选自氢，铵，碱金属离子，碱土金属离子的离子和金属离子; R独立地选自芳基和烷基; R'独立地选自烷基和氧化烯; 并且其中n和o表示随机区段; 并且其中n和o的和等于100摩尔％。

36. 发明授权

US5346797A Toner processes 失效
标题翻译：墨粉处理
公开(公告)号：US5346797A
公开(公告)日：1994-09-13
申请号：US22575
申请日：1993-02-25
申请人： Grazyna E. Kmiecik-Lawrynowicz , Raj D. Patel , Guerino G. Sacripante
发明人： Grazyna E. Kmiecik-Lawrynowicz , Raj D. Patel , Guerino G. Sacripante
IPC分类号： G03G9/087 , G03G9/08
CPC分类号： G03G9/0804 , G03G9/0812
摘要： A process for the preparation of toner compositions comprising(i) preparing a pigment dispersion in a solvent, which dispersion is comprised of a pigment, an ionic surfactant and optionally a charge control agent;(ii) shearing the pigment dispersion with a latex mixture comprised of a counterionic surfactant with a charge polarity of opposite sign to that of said ionic surfactant, a nonionic surfactant and resin particles, thereby causing a flocculation or heterocoagulation of the formed particles of pigment, resin and charge control agent to form electrostatically bound toner size aggregates; and(iii) heating the statically bound aggregated particles to form said toner composition comprised of polymeric resin, pigment and optionally a charge control agent.
摘要翻译：一种制备调色剂组合物的方法，包括（i）在溶剂中制备颜料分散体，该分散体由颜料，离子表面活性剂和任选的电荷控制剂组成; （ii）用包含与所述离子表面活性剂相反电荷极性的反离子表面活性剂，非离子表面活性剂和树脂颗粒的胶体混合物剪切所述颜料分散体，从而引起所形成的颜料颗粒的絮凝或杂合，树脂和电荷控制剂以形成静电结合的调色剂尺寸聚集体; 和（iii）加热静态结合的凝集颗粒以形成由聚合树脂，颜料和任选的电荷控制剂组成的所述调色剂组合物。

37. 发明授权

US5283153A Encapsulated toner processes 失效
标题翻译：封装墨粉处理
公开(公告)号：US5283153A
公开(公告)日：1994-02-01
申请号：US868745
申请日：1992-04-15
申请人： Guerino G. Sacripante , Grazyna E. Kmiecik-Lawrynowicz , Hock S. Tan , Raj D. Patel
发明人： Guerino G. Sacripante , Grazyna E. Kmiecik-Lawrynowicz , Hock S. Tan , Raj D. Patel
IPC分类号： B01J13/14 , G03G9/08 , G03G9/093
CPC分类号： G03G9/093 , G03G9/09371 , G03G9/09392
摘要： A process for the preparation of encapsulated toner compositions which comprises dispersing a mixture of addition monomers, an optional preformed polymer resin, a free radical initiator, a colorant comprised of a pigment, dye or mixtures thereof, and shell forming monomer in an aqueous medium containing a cellulose polymer and a first ionic surfactant thereby forming a stable microdroplet suspension; and subsequently adding an aqueous solution of a second stabilizing surfactant followed by the formation of a soluble monomer forming shell wall by interfacial polymerization, and thereafter initiating and completing the core resin-forming free radical polymerization by heating thereby resulting in toner compositions with an average volume particle size of from about 3 to about 7 microns.
摘要翻译：一种制备包封的调色剂组合物的方法，其包括将添加单体的混合物，任选的预成型聚合物树脂，自由基引发剂，由颜料，染料或其混合物组成的着色剂和形成壳的单体混合在含有纤维素聚合物和第一离子表面活性剂，从而形成稳定的微滴悬浮液; 然后加入第二稳定化表面活性剂的水溶液，然后通过界面聚合形成形成壳壁的可溶性单体，然后通过加热引发和完成形成核心树脂的自由基聚合，从而得到平均体积的调色剂组合物粒径为约3至约7微米。

38. 发明授权

US5213938A Oxidation of toner compositions 失效
标题翻译：调色剂组合物的氧化
公开(公告)号：US5213938A
公开(公告)日：1993-05-25
申请号：US868810
申请日：1992-04-15
申请人： Guerino G. Sacripante , Raj D. Patel , Grazyna E. Kmiecik-Lawrynowicz , Lurdes M. Martins
发明人： Guerino G. Sacripante , Raj D. Patel , Grazyna E. Kmiecik-Lawrynowicz , Lurdes M. Martins
IPC分类号： G03G9/08 , G03G9/087 , G03G9/097
CPC分类号： G03G9/08777 , G03G9/0802 , G03G9/0806 , G03G9/0815 , G03G9/087 , G03G9/0872 , G03G9/09708
摘要： A process for the preparation of toner compositions which comprises the oxidation and metal chelation of the surface thereof; and a process for the preparation of toners which comprises the oxidation and metal chelation of the surface thereof, and subsequently coalescence by the absorption or sticking thereto of a fluoro containing polymer.
摘要翻译：一种制备调色剂组合物的方法，其包括其表面的氧化和金属螯合; 以及制备调色剂的方法，其包括其表面的氧化和金属螯合，随后通过吸收或粘附含氟聚合物而聚结。

39. 发明授权

US5688626A Gamut toner aggregation processes 失效
标题翻译：色域调色剂聚集过程
公开(公告)号：US5688626A
公开(公告)日：1997-11-18
申请号：US628062
申请日：1996-04-08
申请人： Raj D. Patel , Grazyna E. Kmiecik-Lawrynowicz , Richard P. N. Veregin , Maria N. V. McDougall
发明人： Raj D. Patel , Grazyna E. Kmiecik-Lawrynowicz , Richard P. N. Veregin , Maria N. V. McDougall
IPC分类号： G03G9/08 , G03G9/097 , G03G9/09
CPC分类号： G03G9/09733 , G03G9/0804 , G03G9/0815
摘要： A process for the preparation of a combination of color toners comprised of a cyan toner, a magenta toner, a yellow toner, and a black toner, each of said toners being comprised of resin and pigment, and wherein the pigment is cyan, magenta, yellow and black, each of the said pigments are dispersed in a nonionic, or neutral charge surfactant, and wherein each toner in the combination is prepared by (i) preparing a pigment dispersion, which dispersion is comprised of a pigment and nonionic water soluble surfactant; (ii) shearing said pigment dispersion with a latex or emulsion blend comprised of resin, a counterionic surfactant with a charge polarity of opposite sign to that of said ionic surfactant and a nonionic surfactant; (iii) heating the above sheared blend below about the glass transition temperature (Tg) of the resin to form electrostatically bound toner size aggregates; and (iv) heating said bound toner size aggregates above about the Tg of the resin.
摘要翻译：一种用于制备由青色调色剂，品红色调色剂，黄色调色剂和黑色调色剂组成的彩色调色剂的组合的方法，每种所述调色剂由树脂和颜料组成，并且其中所述颜料是青色，品红色，黄色和黑色，每种所述颜料分散在非离子或中性电荷表面活性剂中，并且其中组合中的每种调色剂通过以下制备：（i）制备颜料分散体，该分散体由颜料和非离子水溶性表面活性剂 ; （ii）用由树脂，具有与所述离子表面活性剂的电荷极性相反的电荷极性的抗衡离子表面活性剂和非离子表面活性剂的胶乳或乳液共混物剪切所述颜料分散体; （iii）将上述剪切混合物加热至低于树脂的玻璃化转变温度（Tg）以形成静电结合的调色剂尺寸聚集体; 和（iv）将所述结合的调色剂尺寸聚集体加热到高于树脂的Tg的高度。

40. 发明授权

US5648193A Toner processes 失效
标题翻译：墨粉处理
公开(公告)号：US5648193A
公开(公告)日：1997-07-15
申请号：US663420
申请日：1996-06-17
申请人： Raj D. Patel , Grazyna E. Kmiecik-Lawrynowicz , Guerino G. Sacripante , Daniel A. Foucher
发明人： Raj D. Patel , Grazyna E. Kmiecik-Lawrynowicz , Guerino G. Sacripante , Daniel A. Foucher
IPC分类号： G03G9/08 , G03G9/087
CPC分类号： G03G9/0804 , G03G9/08755 , G03G9/08791
摘要： A process for the preparation of toner compositions, or particles comprised ofi) flushing a pigment into a sulfonated polyester resin, and which resin has a degree of sulfonation of from between about 2.5 and 20 mol percent;ii) dispersing the resulting sulfonated pigmented polyester resin into water, which water is at a temperature of from about 40 to about 95.degree. C., by a high speed shearing polytron device operating at speeds of from about 100 to about 5,000 revolutions per minute thereby enabling the formation of stable toner sized submicron particles, and which particles are of a volume average diameter of from about 5 to about 200 nanometers;iii) allowing the resulting dispersion to cool to from about 5 to about 10.degree. C. below the glass transition temperature of said pigmented sulfonated polyester resin;iv) adding an alkali metal halide solution, which solution contains from about 0.5 percent to about 5 percent by weight of water, followed by stirring and heating from about room temperature, about 25.degree. C., to a temperature below the resin Tg to induce aggregation of said submicron pigmented particles to obtain toner size particles of from about 3 to about 10 microns in volume average diameter and with a narrow GSD; or stirring and heating to a temperature below the resin Tg, followed by the addition of alkali metal halide solution until the desired toner size of from about 3 to about 10 microns in volume average diameter and with a narrow GSD is achieved; andv) recovering said toner by filtration and washing with cold water, drying said toner particles by vacuum, and thereafter, optionally blending charge additives and flow additives.
摘要翻译：一种调色剂组合物的制备方法或由以下组分组成的颗粒：i）将颜料冲洗成磺化聚酯树脂，并且所述树脂的磺化度为约2.5至20摩尔％; ii）通过以约100至约5,000转/分钟的速度操作的高速剪切聚酯装置将所得的磺化着色聚酯树脂分散在水中，该水在约40至约95℃的温度下，由此使得能够形成稳定的调色剂尺寸的亚微米颗粒，并且哪些颗粒的体积平均直径为约5至约200纳米; iii）使所得分散体冷却至低于所述着色的磺化聚酯树脂的玻璃化转变温度约5至约10℃; iv）加入碱金属卤化物溶液，该溶液含有约0.5％至约5％重量的水，然后在约25℃的约室温下搅拌和加热至低于树脂Tg的温度以诱导所述亚微米有色颗粒的聚集以获得体积平均直径为约3至约10微米并具有窄GSD的调色剂尺寸颗粒; 或搅拌并加热到低于树脂Tg的温度，然后加入碱金属卤化物溶液，直到达到体积平均直径和窄GSD约3至约10微米的所需调色剂尺寸; 和v）通过过滤回收所述调色剂并用冷水洗涤，真空干燥所述调色剂颗粒，然后任选地混合电荷添加剂和流动添加剂。

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