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    • 32. 发明申请
    • System and method for controlling NOx reactant supply
    • 用于控制NOx反应物供应的系统和方法
    • US20090293457A1
    • 2009-12-03
    • US12155196
    • 2008-05-30
    • Anthony J. GrichnikAmit JayachandranMary L. KesseJames MasonTim Felty
    • Anthony J. GrichnikAmit JayachandranMary L. KesseJames MasonTim Felty
    • F01N3/20F02B51/02G06G7/70
    • F01N3/208F01N2610/02F01N2900/0408Y02T10/24
    • A method is provided for a selective catalytic reduction (SCR) system for reducing a pollutant emission level in exhaust gas of an engine on a machine. The method may include providing a plurality of virtual sensors each having a model type, at least one input parameter, and at least one output parameter. The plurality of virtual sensors may include a first virtual sensor for measuring an emission level of a first component the pollutant and a second virtual sensor for measuring an emission level of a second component the pollutant. The method may also include integrating the plurality of virtual sensors into a virtual sensor network; operating the virtual sensor network to provide the first component emission level and the second component emission level; and calculating a ratio between the first component and the second component based on the first component emission level and the second component emission level. Further, the method may include determining a reactant injection rate of a reactant of the SCR system based on the ratio; and controlling the SCR system to apply the reactant at the reactant injection rate to reduce the pollutant emission level to a desired range.
    • 提供了一种用于选择性催化还原(SCR)系统的方法,用于降低发动机在机器上的废气中的污染物排放水平。 该方法可以包括提供多个虚拟传感器,每个虚拟传感器具有模型类型,至少一个输入参数和至少一个输出参数。 多个虚拟传感器可以包括用于测量污染物的第一部件的排放水平的第一虚拟传感器和用于测量污染物的第二部件的排放水平的第二虚拟传感器。 该方法还可以包括将多个虚拟传感器集成到虚拟传感器网络中; 操作虚拟传感器网络以提供第一组分发射水平和第二组分发射水平; 以及基于所述第一分量发射电平和所述第二分量发射电平计算所述第一分量和所述第二分量之间的比率。 此外,该方法可以包括基于该比率确定SCR系统的反应物的反应物注入速率; 并且控制SCR系统以反应物喷射速率施加反应物以将污染物排放水平降低到期望的范围。
    • 33. 发明申请
    • Variable Gain Amplifier
    • 可变增益放大器
    • US20070194848A1
    • 2007-08-23
    • US11734864
    • 2007-04-13
    • Thomas BardsleyMatthew Cordrey-GaleJames MasonPhilip MurfetGareth Nicholls
    • Thomas BardsleyMatthew Cordrey-GaleJames MasonPhilip MurfetGareth Nicholls
    • H03F3/45
    • H03F3/45475H03F1/0277H03F3/211H03F3/45179H03F3/72H03F2203/45138H03G1/0029H03G1/0088H03G3/001H03G2201/103H03G2201/504
    • A method of varying the gain of an amplifier and an amplifier array are provided. The amplifier array includes two or more amplifier stages (201, 202) connected in parallel with each amplifier stage having a gain control means. Input signal means (203, 204) are provided for each amplifier stage with the input signals of the amplifier stages being of different amplitude. Means for enabling and disabling an amplifier stage (216) are provided and means for summing the outputs of the enabled amplifier stages obtain an output signal (212). The gain of the amplifier array has a range from a low gain setting with a first amplifier stage (202) enabled, through increasing gain settings as the gain of the first amplifier stage is increased from a minimum to a maximum gain, a second amplifier stage (201) can then be enabled in addition to the first amplifier stage and the gain of the second amplifier stage increased from a minimum to a maximum gain, further amplifier stages are enabled as available up to a maximum gain setting for the amplifier array. Each amplifier stage that is enabled has a decreasingly attenuated input signal and a final amplifier stage to be enabled has a full input signal (203).
    • 提供了改变放大器和放大器阵列的增益的方法。 放大器阵列包括与具有增益控制装置的每个放大器级并联连接的两个或更多个放大器级(201,202)。 为每个放大器级提供输入信号装置(203,204),放大器级的输入信号具有不同的幅度。 提供了用于启用和禁用放大器级(216)的装置,用于对使能的放大器级的输出进行求和以获得输出信号(212)的装置。 放大器阵列的增益具有从具有第一放大级(202)使能的低增益设置的范围,通过当第一放大器级的增益从最小增益增加到最大增益时增加增益设置,第二放大器级 (201)除了第一放大器级以及第二放大器级的增益从最小增益增加到最大增益之外,还可以使能另外的放大器级,直至达到放大器阵列的最大增益设置。 启用的每个放大器级具有递减衰减的输入信号,并且待使能的最终放大器级具有完整输入信号(203)。
    • 36. 发明申请
    • Systems and methods for controlling of electro-migration
    • 用于控制电迁移的系统和方法
    • US20060267616A1
    • 2006-11-30
    • US11140765
    • 2005-05-31
    • Hayden CranfordLouis HsuJames MasonChih-Chao Yang
    • Hayden CranfordLouis HsuJames MasonChih-Chao Yang
    • G01R31/02
    • G01R31/2858H01L21/76886H01L2924/0002H04B7/0814H01L2924/00
    • Systems and methods for controlling electro-migration, and reducing the deleterious effects thereof, are disclosed. Embodiments provide for reversal of an applied voltage to an integrated circuit when a measurement indicative of an extent of electro-migration indicates that a healing cycle of operation is warranted. During the healing cycle, circuits of the integrated circuit function normally, but electro-migration effects are reversed. In one embodiment, micro-electro-mechanical switches are provided at a lowest level of metallization to switch the direction of current through the levels of metallization of the integrated circuit. In another embodiment, if the measurement indicative of the extent of electro-migration exceeds a reference level by a specifiable amount, then the voltage applied to the integrated circuit is reversed in polarity to cause current to switch directions to counter electro-migration. A plurality of switches are provided to switch current directions through a lowest level of metallization so that the circuits function normally even though the polarity of the applied voltage has been reversed.
    • 公开了用于控制电迁移的系统和方法,并减少其有害影响。 实施例提供了当指示电迁移程度的测量指示操作的愈合周期是有必要的时将施加的电压反转到集成电路。 在愈合周期中,集成电路的电路正常工作,但电迁移效应相反。 在一个实施例中,微电子机械开关设置在最低级别的金属化处,以将电流方向切换到集成电路的金属化水平。 在另一个实施例中,如果指示电迁移程度的测量超过参考电平达指定量,则施加到集成电路的电压的极性反转,导致电流切换方向以对抗电迁移。 提供多个开关以切换电流方向通过最低金属化水平,使得即使施加的电压的极性已经被反转,电路也能正常工作。
    • 39. 发明申请
    • Method and system for conveying an image position
    • 传送图像位置的方法和系统
    • US20050229112A1
    • 2005-10-13
    • US10822898
    • 2004-04-13
    • Timothy ClayTimothy KlemmJames MasonJoseph Patino
    • Timothy ClayTimothy KlemmJames MasonJoseph Patino
    • G06F3/00G06F3/048
    • G06F3/0482
    • The invention concerns a system (100) and method (300, 600) of conveying an image (400, 700, 800) position. The method includes the steps of displaying (312, 612) at least a portion of an image on a display (112) and modifying (314, 614) the portion of the image to convey to a user a position of the portion of the image in relation to the entire image. The image can include a background (412) and at least one symbol (410) superimposed on the background. The modifying step can include graduating (316) the contrast of at least a portion of the background in relation to the symbols. In addition, the step of graduating the contrast includes varying (318) at least one of the hue, brightness and saturation of the background.
    • 本发明涉及一种传送图像(400,700,800)位置的系统(100)和方法(300,600)。 该方法包括以下步骤:在显示器(112)上显示(312,612)图像的至少一部分,并修改(314,614)图像的一部分以向用户传送图像的该部分的位置 相对于整个图像。 图像可以包括背景(412)和叠加在背景上的至少一个符号(410)。 修改步骤可以包括对符号的至少一部分背景进行渐变(316)。 此外,渐变对比度的步骤包括改变(318)背景的色调,亮度和饱和度中的至少一个。
    • 40. 发明申请
    • Electronic component value trimming systems
    • 电子元件修整系统
    • US20050127978A1
    • 2005-06-16
    • US10967756
    • 2004-10-18
    • Hayden CranfordLouis HsuJames MasonGareth NichollsPhilip MurfetSamuel Ray
    • Hayden CranfordLouis HsuJames MasonGareth NichollsPhilip MurfetSamuel Ray
    • H01C17/22H03K3/00
    • H01C17/22
    • Described is a system for trimming the value of an electronic component. The system comprises: at least one trimming component, each trimming component having an associated switch for selectively connecting that trimming component to the electronic component in response to a corresponding bit in a control vector. A comparator is included for generating an output bit having a first value if a net value of the electronic component and any connected trimming components differs from a desired value. A controller connected to the switches and the comparator generates the control vector in dependence on the output of comparator, the controller comprising a shift register for sequentially receiving successive output bits from the comparator; wherein the control vector comprises the contents of the shift register and wherein a bit of said first value in control vector effects switching of the corresponding switch.
    • 描述了一种用于修整电子部件的值的系统。 该系统包括:至少一个修整部件,每个修剪部件具有相关联的开关,用于响应于控制矢量中的对应位选择性地将修剪部件连接到电子部件。 如果电子部件的净值和任何连接的修整部件与期望值不同,则包括比较器以产生具有第一值的输出位。 连接到开关和比较器的控制器根据比较器的输出产生控制向量,该控制器包括用于顺序地从比较器接收连续输出位的移位寄存器; 其中所述控制向量包括所述移位寄存器的内容,并且其中所述控制矢量中的所述第一值的位影响相应开关的切换。