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31. 发明授权

US5615672A Self-emission noninvasive infrared spectrophotometer with body temperature compensation 失效
标题翻译：自发式无创红外分光光度计，具有体温补偿
公开(公告)号：US5615672A
公开(公告)日：1997-04-01
申请号：US353099
申请日：1994-12-09
申请人： James R. Braig , Daniel S. Goldberger , Bernhard B. Sterling
发明人： James R. Braig , Daniel S. Goldberger , Bernhard B. Sterling
IPC分类号： G01N33/49 , A61B5/00 , A61B5/145 , A61B5/1455 , A61B5/1495 , G01N21/35 , G01N33/66
CPC分类号： A61B5/1455 , A61B5/14532 , A61B5/14546 , G01N21/35 , G01N21/3581
摘要： A method and apparatus for monitoring glucose, ethyl alcohol and other blood constituents in a noninvasive manner. The measurements are made by monitoring infrared absorption of the desired blood constituent in the long infrared wavelength range where the blood constituent has a strong and distinguishable absorption spectrum. The long wavelength infrared energy emitted by the person as heat is monitored and the infrared absorption of particular constituents in the blood (such as glucose or blood alcohol) is measured at characteristic infrared absorption wavelengths for those constituents. The measurements are preferably synchronized with systole and diastole of the cardiac cycle so that the signal contribution caused by veins and tissues (which do not pulse) may be cancelled when a ratio of the detected signals is taken. On the other hand, if no synchronization is provided, the spectrophotometer may measure the arterial, venous and tissue constituent concentrations simultaneously, which may be desired in some circumstances. The internal "blackbody" energy level of an infrared emissions source such as a vascularized appendage prior to glucose absorption is measured and used to compensate temperature dependent effects in the concentration calculation. The internal energy level is then ratioed to the actual measured energy and used to compute the percentage of energy absorbed by the glucose. Discontinuities in the ratio are eliminated by converting the absorption measurements from voltages to watts.
摘要翻译：一种以非侵入性方式监测葡萄糖，乙醇和其他血液成分的方法和装置。通过监测血液成分具有强烈且可区分的吸收光谱的长红外波长范围内的所需血液成分的红外吸收来进行测量。监测由人发射的长波长红外能量作为热，并且对于那些成分在特征红外吸收波长处测量血液中特定成分（如葡萄糖或血液酒精）的红外吸收。所述测量优选与心动周期的收缩和心律舒张同步，使得当检测到的信号的比率被采取时，可以消除由静脉和组织引起的信号贡献（其不脉冲）。另一方面，如果不提供同步，则分光光度计可以同时测量动脉，静脉和组织成分浓度，这在某些情况下可能是期望的。测量红外发射源的内部“黑体”能级，例如葡萄糖吸收之前的血管附着物，并用于补偿浓度计算中的温度依赖性影响。然后将内部能量水平与实际测量的能量进行比率，并用于计算葡萄糖吸收的能量的百分比。通过将吸收测量值从电压转换为瓦特来消除比例的不连续性。

32. 发明授权

US5282473A Sidestream infrared gas analyzer requiring small sample volumes 失效
标题翻译：侧流红外线气体分析仪需要较小的样品量
公开(公告)号：US5282473A
公开(公告)日：1994-02-01
申请号：US976145
申请日：1992-11-10
申请人： James R. Braig , Daniel S. Goldberger
发明人： James R. Braig , Daniel S. Goldberger
IPC分类号： A61B5/083 , A61B5/097 , G01N21/05 , G01N21/35
CPC分类号： G01N21/05 , A61B5/083 , A61B5/097 , G01N21/3504
摘要： An infrared gas analyzer implementing an optically stabilized detector in a sidestream configuration. In order to reduce the pneumatic sampling volume, an "optical funnel" or collimator is used to resize the optical aperture of a multi-channel optically stabilized detector without compromising signal strength. The smaller pneumatic volume is desirable in order to minimize the time required for a gas wavefront from the sample cell to traverse the optical aperture, thereby minimizing pneumatic response time. The geometry of the sample cell of the invention is also streamlined so that sharp corners or transitions which might induce turbulent gas flow are eliminated. The sample cell of the invention thus promotes smooth, laminar flow of aspirated respiratory gases through the optical aperture so as to preserve the temporal relationship of gas concentration wavefronts within the gas stream and to thereby allow the analyzer to exhibit a faster pneumatic response.
摘要翻译：实现侧流配置的光学稳定检测器的红外气体分析仪。为了降低气动采样体积，使用“光漏斗”或准直器来调整多通道光学稳定检测器的光学孔径，而不会影响信号强度。较小的气动体积是期望的，以便最小化来自样品池的气体波前穿过光学孔所需的时间，从而最小化气动响应时间。本发明的样品池的几何形状也是流线型的，从而消除了可能引起湍流气流的尖角或过渡。因此，本发明的样品池通过光学孔促进吸入的呼吸气体的平滑的层流，从而保持气体流中的气体浓度波前的时间关系，从而允许分析仪表现出更快的气动响应。

33. 发明授权

US5281817A Method of selecting an optical filter for a shutterless optically stabilized capnograph 失效
标题翻译：选择无光闸光学稳定捕集仪的滤光片的方法
公开(公告)号：US5281817A
公开(公告)日：1994-01-25
申请号：US782991
申请日：1991-10-28
申请人： Mark L. Yelderman , James R. Braig , Daniel S. Goldberger
发明人： Mark L. Yelderman , James R. Braig , Daniel S. Goldberger
IPC分类号： A61B5/083 , G01J1/24 , G01J5/12 , G01N21/31 , G01N21/35 , G01N21/61 , G01J3/51
CPC分类号： G01N21/3504 , A61B5/083 , G01J1/24 , G01J5/12 , G01N2021/3166 , G01N2201/126
摘要： Methods and apparatus for constructing optically stabilized, shutterless infrared capnographs are disclosed. The capnographs of the present invention provide the absolute concentration of the constituents of the respiratory airstream of a patient, without the thermal drift problems normally associated with thermopile detectors, thereby providing a device with a high degree of accuracy. The present invention eliminates the need for a mechanical shutter to modulate the incident infrared beam and the need for a modulated source, thereby increasing the reliability and response time of the devices disclosed. Capnographs which are substantially unaffected by changes in the ambient temperature at which they operate are provided by connecting pairs of optically filtered thermopiles in series and processing the resulting differential pair. In addition, techniques are provided for selecting overlapping optical filters for use with thermopiles with a minimum level of cross-talk. A processing technique is also given which allows the concentrations of two or more airstream constituents to be separately quantified even when such overlapping optical filters are used.
摘要翻译：公开了用于构造光学稳定的无闸门红外捕集仪的方法和装置。本发明的血氧监护仪提供了患者的呼吸气流的成分的绝对浓度，而没有通常与热电堆检测器相关的热漂移问题，从而提供高精度的装置。本发明不需要机械快门来调制入射的红外光束和调制源的需要，从而增加所公开的设备的可靠性和响应时间。基本上不受其工作环境温度变化影响的测井仪通过串联连接成对的光学过滤的热电堆并处理所得的差分对来提供。另外，提供了用于选择具有最低水平的串扰的热电堆使用的重叠光学滤波器的技术。还给出了即使使用这种重叠的光学滤波器也允许分开量化两种或更多种气流成分的浓度的处理技术。

34. 发明授权

US5129401A Method for distinguishing respiratory events in a gas analyzer 失效
标题翻译：用于区分气体分析仪中呼吸事件的方法
公开(公告)号：US5129401A
公开(公告)日：1992-07-14
申请号：US458974
申请日：1990-01-25
申请人： James E. Corenman , Daniel S. Goldberger , Edward M. Richards , Emil P. Rojas , James R. Braig , David A. Gallup
发明人： James E. Corenman , Daniel S. Goldberger , Edward M. Richards , Emil P. Rojas , James R. Braig , David A. Gallup
IPC分类号： A61B5/083 , G01N21/31 , G01N21/35
CPC分类号： A61B5/083 , G01N21/3504 , G01N2021/3129 , G01N2201/121
摘要： A gas analyzer system and method for detecting and displaying information of gases in a respiratory gas stream, comprising an optical bench including a gas pathway for the flow of a gas stream through the optical bench, a flow shaping inlet at the entrance to the optical bench's gas pathway, two infrared detection channel assemblies for measuring the partial pressures of the gases in the respiratory gas stream, a pressure sensor for measuring the pressure within the gas pathway, a temperature sensor for measuring the temperature within the optical bench, and a flow rate sensor for measuring the gas flow rate through the gas pathway, circuitry for processing the detected partial pressures of the gases and the measured values for pressure, temperature, and flow rate, and for providing output signals indicative of processed measured values, the detected partial pressures of the gasses, and characterization information with respect to the optical bench components; analog input circuitry for processing the signals output from the optical bench for input to analog processing circuitry; analog processing circuitry for processing and correcting at least the detected partial pressures of the gases signals for collision broadening, temperature, pressure in the gas pathway, barometric pressure, cross-correction, and characterization of the optical bench components, and providing output signals indicative of the corrected partial pressures of the gases to display processing circuitry; display processing circuitry for processing the signals for display of at least the corrected partial pressure of one gas on a cathode ray tube.
摘要翻译：一种用于检测和显示呼吸气流中的气体信息的气体分析仪系统和方法，包括一个光学台，包括用于通过光学台的气流流动的气体通道，在光学台的入口处的流动成形入口气体通道，用于测量呼吸气流中的气体的分压的两个红外检测通道组件，用于测量气体通道内的压力的压力传感器，用于测量光学平台内的温度的温度传感器，以及流速用于测量通过气体通路的气体流量的传感器，用于处理检测到的气体分压的电路和用于压力，温度和流速的测量值，以及用于提供指示经处理的测量值的输出信号，检测到的分压的气体，以及关于光学台架部件的表征信息; 模拟输入电路，用于处理从光学平台输出的用于输入到模拟处理电路的信号; 模拟处理电路，用于处理和校正至少检测到的气体信号的分压，用于碰撞扩张，气体通路中的温度，压力，气压，交叉校正和光学台部件的表征，以及提供指示校正的显示处理电路的气体分压; 显示处理电路，用于处理用于显示至少阴极射线管上的一种气体的校正分压的信号。

35. 发明授权

US4907166A Multichannel gas analyzer and method of use 失效
标题翻译：多通道气体分析仪及其使用方法
公开(公告)号：US4907166A
公开(公告)日：1990-03-06
申请号：US101931
申请日：1987-09-25
申请人： James E. Corenman , Daniel S. Goldberger , Edward M. Richards , Emil P. Rojas , James R. Braig , David A. Gallup
发明人： James E. Corenman , Daniel S. Goldberger , Edward M. Richards , Emil P. Rojas , James R. Braig , David A. Gallup
IPC分类号： A61B5/08 , A61B5/083 , G01N21/31 , G01N21/35 , G01N21/61 , G06F15/42
CPC分类号： A61B5/083 , G01N21/3504 , G01N2021/3129 , G01N21/61 , G01N2201/121
摘要： An improved gas analyzer system (FIG. 1) and method of use for detecting and displaying the partial pressures of certain constituent gases in a respiratory gas stream, the system comprising an optical bench (111) through which a respiratory gas flows and in which measurements of the gas are taken; analog input circuits (122) for receiving signals output from the optical bench (111) through which a respiratory gas flows and in which measurements of the gas are taken; analog processing circuits (124) for processing signals output from the analog input circuits (122); display processing circuits (128) for processing the signals output from the analog processing circuits (124) and other system circuitry; pixel logic circuits/analog outputs (130) for processing signals output from the display processing circuitry (128) and providing analog output ports; a five button panel (148), an alarm/knob board (144), and a speaker driver (152) for operator interface and activation of audible and visual alarms; a CRT driver for driving a CRT; and a power supply (158) for powering the system.

36. 发明授权

US07009180B2 Pathlength-independent methods for optically determining material composition 有权
公开(公告)号：US07009180B2
公开(公告)日：2006-03-07
申请号：US10319409
申请日：2002-12-12
申请人： Bernhard B. Sterling , James R. Braig , Daniel S. Goldberger , Philip C. Hartstein , Robert D. Gaffney
发明人： Bernhard B. Sterling , James R. Braig , Daniel S. Goldberger , Philip C. Hartstein , Robert D. Gaffney
IPC分类号： G01N21/35
CPC分类号： A61B5/1455 , A61B5/14532 , A61B5/14546 , A61B2562/0295 , G01N21/274 , G01N21/314 , G01N21/35 , G01N27/3271
摘要： A method uses spectroscopy to determine an analyte concentration in a sample. The method includes producing an absorbance spectrum of the sample. The method further includes shifting the absorbance spectrum to zero in a wavelength region. The method further includes subtracting a water or other substance contribution from the absorbance spectrum.

37. 发明授权

US06959211B2 Device for capturing thermal spectra from tissue 失效
标题翻译：用于从组织中捕获热谱的装置
公开(公告)号：US06959211B2
公开(公告)日：2005-10-25
申请号：US10213730
申请日：2002-08-06
申请人： Peter Rule , James R. Braig , Daniel S. Goldberger , Julian M. Cortella , Heidi M. Smith , Roger O. Herrera , Kenneth G. Witte , Philip C. Hartstein , Mark D. Agostino
发明人： Peter Rule , James R. Braig , Daniel S. Goldberger , Julian M. Cortella , Heidi M. Smith , Roger O. Herrera , Kenneth G. Witte , Philip C. Hartstein , Mark D. Agostino
IPC分类号： A61B5/00 , G01N21/01 , G01N21/03 , G01N21/35
CPC分类号： A61B5/01 , A61B5/061 , A61B5/14532 , A61B5/6824 , G01J3/0286 , G01J3/0291 , G01N21/01 , G01N21/35 , G01N2021/0389 , G01N2201/021 , G01N2201/0245
摘要： A device and method are provided for use with a noninvasive optical measurement system, such as a thermal gradient spectrometer, for improved determination of analyte concentrations within living tissue. In one embodiment, a wearable window is secured to a patient's forearm thereby isolating a measurement site on the patient's skin for determination of blood glucose levels. The wearable window effectively replaces a window of the spectrometer, and thus forms an interface between the patient's skin and a thermal mass window of the spectrometer. When the spectrometer must be temporarily removed from the patient's skin, such as to allow the patient mobility, the wearable window is left secured to the forearm so as to maintain a consistent measurement site on the skin. When the spectrometer is later reattached to the patient, the wearable window will again form an interface between the spectrometer and the same location of skin as before.
摘要翻译：提供了一种用于无创光学测量系统（例如热梯度光谱仪）的装置和方法，用于改善活体组织内分析物浓度的测定。在一个实施例中，可佩戴的窗户被固定到患者的前臂，从而隔离患者皮肤上的测量部位以确定血糖水平。穿戴式窗户有效地代替了光谱仪的窗口，从而形成了患者皮肤与光谱仪的热质量窗口之间的界面。当光谱仪必须临时从患者皮肤上移除时，例如允许患者移动，则将可佩戴的窗口固定在前臂上，以便在皮肤上保持一致的测量部位。当光谱仪后来重新连接到患者身上时，穿戴式窗户将再次形成光谱仪与以前相同的皮肤位置之间的界面。

38. 发明授权

US06645142B2 Glucose monitoring instrument having network connectivity 失效
公开(公告)号：US06645142B2
公开(公告)日：2003-11-11
申请号：US09728743
申请日：2000-12-01
申请人： James R. Braig , Gary E. Hewett , Michael A. Munrow , Julian M. Cortella , Kamrava Azizi , Daniel S. Goldberger
发明人： James R. Braig , Gary E. Hewett , Michael A. Munrow , Julian M. Cortella , Kamrava Azizi , Daniel S. Goldberger
IPC分类号： A61B500
CPC分类号： G06F19/3418 , A61B5/0002 , A61B5/14532 , G06F19/00 , G16H40/40 , Y10S128/903 , Y10S128/904
摘要： A glucose monitoring instrument having network-based communication features which provide a link between patient and practitioner. The glucose monitoring instrument comprises circuitry for communicating data with one or more destination sites on the network which are configured to transmit and receive information to and from the instrument. Instrument measurements are transmitted over the link in addition to information and guidance, to provide increased accuracy, improved program compliance, and patient guidance from a supervisory authority or medical practitioner. In addition, a set of calibration features encourage calibration compliance.

39. 发明授权

US6091504A Method and apparatus for measuring gas concentration using a semiconductor laser 失效
标题翻译：使用半导体激光器测量气体浓度的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US6091504A
公开(公告)日：2000-07-18
申请号：US82662
申请日：1998-05-21
申请人： Stephen D. Walker , Robert A. Nichols , William A. Curnan , Sophat Svai , James R. Braig , Daniel S. Goldberger
发明人： Stephen D. Walker , Robert A. Nichols , William A. Curnan , Sophat Svai , James R. Braig , Daniel S. Goldberger
IPC分类号： G01N21/39 , G01N21/00
CPC分类号： G01N21/39
摘要： A system and method for determining the concentration of an analyte such as oxygen in an unknown gas sample. A Vertical Cavity Surface Emitting Laser (VCSEL) is used as a variable wavelength light source which is "swept" through a wavelength range by varying the drive signal applied thereto. Quantitative spectroscopic analysis of the unknown gas sample is performed without the requirement of feedback circuitry for tuning the light source to the characteristic frequency of an analyte. Instead, the VCSEL is repeatedly "swept" through a range of frequencies determined by the drive signal, and the absorption is measured by the detector. The absorption lines do not always occur at the same place but instead move along around during the sweep based on the temperature and baseline current. The absorption at a particular wavelength may be determined by overlaying the drive signal and its timing information over the detected absorption signal.
摘要翻译：用于确定未知气体样品中分析物如氧的浓度的系统和方法。垂直腔面发射激光器（VCSEL）被用作通过改变施加到其上的驱动信号通过波长范围“扫过”的可变波长光源。进行未知气体样品的定量光谱分析，而不需要用于将光源调谐到分析物的特征频率的反馈电路。相反，VCSEL在由驱动信号确定的频率范围内被重复扫描，并且由检测器测量吸收。吸收线并不总是发生在相同的位置，而是基于温度和基线电流在扫描过程中沿着周围移动。可以通过将驱动信号及其定时信息覆盖在检测到的吸收信号上来确定特定波长处的吸收。

40. 发明授权

US6049081A Subsurface thermal gradient spectrometry 失效
标题翻译：地下热梯度光谱法
公开(公告)号：US6049081A
公开(公告)日：2000-04-11
申请号：US093951
申请日：1998-06-08
申请人： Bernhard B. Sterling , James R. Braig , Daniel S. Goldberger , Charles E. Kramer , Arthur M. Shulenberger , Rick Trebino , Richard A. King
发明人： Bernhard B. Sterling , James R. Braig , Daniel S. Goldberger , Charles E. Kramer , Arthur M. Shulenberger , Rick Trebino , Richard A. King
IPC分类号： G01N21/35 , G01N21/71
CPC分类号： A61B5/14532 , A61B5/01 , A61B5/14546 , A61B5/1455 , A61B5/1491 , G01N21/71 , A61B5/14539 , G01N21/35
摘要： Spectrometric methodology for non-invasively obtaining optical spectra from heterogeneous material for the identification and quantification of constituent compounds. There is provided a transient or steady state subsurface thermal gradient spectroscopic methodology for obtaining in vivo optical spectra relating to the concentration of n analytes at depths to around 330 microns in human tissue, and for determining that concentration from the spectra. The methodology is employable on a wide variety of spectrometric devices, and enables: a real time determination of both surface and reference intensities; a fast, efficient calibration of the spectrometric device; and results in the provision of an analytical parameter which avoids the measurement of the optical path length to enable the extremely accurate calculation of a ratio of concentrations of n analytes in the system under analysis.
摘要翻译：用于非侵入性地从异质材料获得光谱用于鉴定和定量组成化合物的光谱测定方法。提供了一种瞬态或稳态地下热梯度光谱方法，用于获得与人体组织深度至330微米处的n种分析物的浓度有关的体内光谱，并用于确定来自光谱的浓度。该方法可用于各种光谱测量装置，并且能够：实时确定表面和参考强度; 快速，高效地校准光谱仪; 并且导致提供了避免测量光程长度的分析参数，以使得能够非常精确地计算分析系统中的n种分析物的浓度比。

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