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    • 31. 发明授权
    • Peer-model support for virtual private networks with potentially overlapping addresses
    • 对于具有潜在重叠地址的虚拟专用网络的对等模式支持
    • US06339595B1
    • 2002-01-15
    • US08997343
    • 1997-12-23
    • Yakov RekhterEric C. Rosen
    • Yakov RekhterEric C. Rosen
    • H04L1228
    • H04L45/00H04L12/4645H04L45/50H04L63/0272
    • A service provider's routers (PE1, P1, P2, PE2) provide connections between and share routine information with routers (CE1, CE2) of a customer virtual private network (VPN) as well as routers of other customers' VPNs, which may have overlapping address spaces. A service provider's edge router (PE1) informed by the customer's router (CE1) that it will forward packets to a given prefix notifies the other edge router (PE2) that PE1 can forward packets to that address prefix if the destination is in the VPN to which CE1 belongs. PE1 also tells PE2 to tag any thus-destined packets with a particular tag T3. PE2 stores this information in a forwarding information base that it separately keeps for that VPN so that when PE2 receives from a router CE2 in the same VPN a packet whose destination address has that prefix, it tags the packet as requested. But PE2 also tags it with a tag T2 that the router P2 to which PE2 first sends it has asked PE2 to apply to packets to be sent to PE1. P2 routes the packet in accordance with T2, sending it to P1 after replacing T2 with a tag T1 that P1 has similarly asked P2 to use. P1 removes T1 from the packet and forwards it in accordance with T1 to PE1, which in turn removes T3 from the packet and forwards it in accordance with T3 to CE1. In this manner, only the edge routers need to maintain separate routing information for separate VPNs.
    • 服务提供商的路由器(PE1,P1,P2,PE2)提供与客户虚拟专用网络(VPN)的路由器(CE1,CE2)之间的连接并与其共享其他客户的VPN的路由器 地址空间。 由客户路由器(CE1)通知的服务提供商的边缘路由器(PE1)会将数据包转发到给定的前缀,通知另一边缘路由器(PE2),如果目的地在VPN中,PE1可以将数据包转发到该地址前缀 哪个CE1属于 PE1还告诉PE2标记具有特定标签T3的任何这样目的地的分组。 PE2将该信息存储在单独保存在该VPN中的转发信息库中,以便当PE2从同一VPN中的路由器CE2接收目的地址为该前缀的数据包时,根据请求标记该数据包。 但是PE2还用标签T2标记,PE2首先发送的路由器P2要求PE2应用于要发送到PE1的数据包。 P2根据T2路由数据包,将P1替换为P1同样要求P2使用的标签T1,将其发送到P1。 P1从数据包中删除T1,并按照T1到PE1进行转发,后者又从T3中删除T3,并按照T3向CE1转发。 以这种方式,只有边缘路由器需要为单独的VPN维护单独的路由信息​​。
    • 32. 发明授权
    • Method and apparatus to properly route ICMP messages in a tag-switching network
    • 在标签交换网络中正确路由ICMP消息的方法和装置
    • US06337861B1
    • 2002-01-08
    • US09241997
    • 1999-02-02
    • Eric C. Rosen
    • Eric C. Rosen
    • H04L1256
    • H04L45/36H04L29/06H04L45/00H04L45/34H04L69/16H04L69/161H04L69/166H04L69/22
    • A tag-switching router on a tag-switching network properly generates and forwards an ICMP message when an input packet containing a faulty tagged IP datagram is received. The faulty IP datagram includes source and destination IP addresses and is prepended with a tag stack containing a top tag entry having a top tag. Using the top tag to point to an entry in a forwarding table, the tag-switching router retrieves both a replacement tag and the identity of a forwarding link, and replaces the top tag in the tag stack with the replacement tag. The tag-switching router prepends the tag stack containing the replacement tag to an output IP datagram, which contains the ICMP message and also includes the faulty IP datagram's source IP address as its destination IP address, and discards the faulty IP datagram. The tag-switching router forwards the output IP datagram in an output packet over the forwarding link so that the ICMP message continues over the route that was originally specified for the faulty IP datagram. When the ICMP message finally leaves the tag domain, i.e., when it reaches a router that does not perform tag switching, it is turned around and sent back onto the tag-switching network and, in accordance with the destination IP address of the output IP datagram, back over the original route to the source of the faulty IP datagram.
    • 当接收到包含有故障标记的IP数据报的输入分组时,标签交换网络上的标签交换路由器正确地生成并转发ICMP消息。 错误的IP数据报包括源IP地址和目标IP地址,前缀包含一个标签堆栈,其中包含顶层标签条目。 使用顶部标签指向转发表中的条目,标签交换路由器检索替换标签和转发链路的标识,并用替换标签替换标签堆栈中的顶部标签。 标签交换路由器将包含替换标签的标签栈添加到包含ICMP消息的输出IP数据报,并将错误的IP数据报的源IP地址作为其目标IP地址,并丢弃有缺陷的IP数据报。 标签交换路由器通过转发链路转发输出数据包中的输出IP数据报,以便ICMP消息在最初为故障IP数据报指定的路由上继续。 当ICMP消息最终离开标签域时,即当到达不进行标签交换的路由器时,它被转回并发回到标签交换网络,并且根据输出IP的目的地IP地址 数据报,将原始路由返回到故障IP数据报的源。
    • 34. 发明授权
    • Method of buffering to reduce media latency in group communications on a wireless communication network
    • 缓冲方法,以减少无线通信网络中组通信中的媒体延迟
    • US08284737B2
    • 2012-10-09
    • US12552828
    • 2009-09-02
    • Eric C. RosenMark A. MaggentiDouglas M. Crockett
    • Eric C. RosenMark A. MaggentiDouglas M. Crockett
    • H04B7/216
    • H04W4/10H04W76/28H04W76/45
    • A system and method for minimizing latency for direct group communications, such as push-to-talk (PTT) calls, among a group of wireless telecommunication devices on a wireless telecommunication network. The wireless telecommunication device has a dormant state without an open dedicated traffic channel for communications therefrom and an active state in which the wireless devices opens a dedicated traffic channel for an outgoing communication from the wireless telecommunication device, to include a direct communication stream. Either the wireless telecommunication device or an intermittent communication server for group communication streams can buffer the initial communication data of a group communication stream while the sending and/or receiving wireless telecommunication device changes from a dormant state to an active state with an open dedicated traffic channel.
    • 一种用于在无线电信网络上的一组无线电信设备之中最小化直接组通信(诸如即按即说(PTT)呼叫)的等待时间的系统和方法。 无线电信设备具有休眠状态,没有用于进行通信的开放的专用业务信道,以及无线设备从无线电信设备打开用于输出通信的专用业务信道的活动状态,以包括直接通信流。 无线电信设备或用于组通信流的间歇通信服务器可以缓冲组通信流的初始通信数据,同时发送和/或接收无线电信设备通过开放的专用业务信道从休眠状态变为活动状态 。
    • 35. 发明授权
    • Uni-directional traffic channel assignment for a receive-only group call in a mobile communication system
    • 移动通信系统中仅接收群组呼叫的单向业务信道分配
    • US08103299B2
    • 2012-01-24
    • US12233085
    • 2008-09-18
    • Ashu RazdanHarleen GillArul AnanthanarayananEric C. Rosen
    • Ashu RazdanHarleen GillArul AnanthanarayananEric C. Rosen
    • H04Q7/20
    • H04W4/10H04W76/45
    • Aspects of mobile communication for establishing a receive-only group communication, such as a Push-to-Talk (PTT) call or multicast call with a plurality of wireless communication devices that are in a receive-only mode are disclosed. When a group call between wireless communication devices starts from an originating device, in one embodiment indicating a receive-only group with which a group call is to be established, one or more receive-only wireless communication devices are determined and invited to participate in the group call. The traffic channel to the receive-only wireless communication device is transitioned to a uni-directional, forward-only traffic channel such that media is provided from the originating wireless communication device to the receive-only wireless communication device via the uni-directional traffic channel.
    • 公开了用于建立只接收群组通信的移动通信的方面,诸如一键通(PTT)呼叫或具有处于接收方式的多个无线通信设备的多播呼叫。 当从始发设备开始无线通信设备之间的组呼呼时,在一个实施例中指示将要与其建立组呼的接收专用组,确定一个或多个仅接收无线通信设备,并邀请其参与 群组电话。 到仅接收无线通信设备的业务信道被转换到单向的,仅向前的业务信道,使得媒体经由单向业务信道从始发无线通信设备提供给仅接收无线通信设备 。
    • 37. 发明授权
    • Maintaining IGP transparency of VPN routes when BGP is used as a PE-CE protocol
    • 当BGP用作PE-CE协议时,维护VPN路由的IGP透明度
    • US07865615B2
    • 2011-01-04
    • US11430205
    • 2006-05-08
    • Sina MirtorabiPeter PsenakMukhtiar ShaikhEric C. Rosen
    • Sina MirtorabiPeter PsenakMukhtiar ShaikhEric C. Rosen
    • G06F15/173
    • H04L12/66H04L45/02H04L45/04H04L63/0272
    • A technique maintains Interior Gateway Protocol (IGP) transparency of Virtual Private Network (VPN) routes when Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) is used as a Provider Edge Device (PE) to Customer Edge Device (CE) protocol in a computer network. According to the novel technique, a first CE generates a BGP advertisement to advertise one or more VPN routes of its customer network, the BGP advertisement having one or more transitive IGP attributes for the advertised routes. The first CE sends the BGP advertisement to a first PE, which then propagates the BGP advertisement among devices of a provider network maintaining the transitive IGP attributes. A second PE sends the BGP advertisement to a second CE, along with the transitive IGP attributes. Upon receiving the BGP advertisement, the second CE converts the BGP advertisement and transitive IGP attributes into corresponding IGP advertisements. The second CE may then propagate the IGP advertisements into its customer network as either internal VPN routes or as external routes accordingly.
    • 当边界网关协议(BGP)用作计算机网络中的客户边缘设备(CE)协议的提供商边缘设备(PE)协议时,技术维护虚拟专用网络(VPN)路由的内部网关协议(IGP)透明度。 根据新技术,第一个CE生成一个BGP通告,通告其客户网络的一个或多个VPN路由,该BGP通告对于所通告的路由具有一个或多个传输性IGP属性。 第一个CE将BGP通告发送到第一个PE,然后在保持传输IGP属性的提供商网络的设备之间传播BGP通告。 第二个PE将BGP通告连同传递IGP属性一起发送到第二个CE。 接收到BGP通告后,第二个CE将BGP通告和传输IGP属性转换成相应的IGP通告。 然后,第二个CE可以将IGP广告作为内部VPN路由或相应地作为外部路由传播到其客户网络中。
    • 38. 发明授权
    • Asynchronous signaling and data delivery in wireless communication system
    • 无线通信系统中的异步信令和数据传送
    • US07796995B2
    • 2010-09-14
    • US11156176
    • 2005-06-17
    • Harleen K. GillAshu RazdanArulmozhi Kasi AnanthanarayananEric C. Rosen
    • Harleen K. GillAshu RazdanArulmozhi Kasi AnanthanarayananEric C. Rosen
    • H04W72/00
    • H04W4/10H04W76/45
    • A system and method for signaling and delivering group communication data, such as push-to-talk (PTT) setup data, to a dormant wireless telecommunication device across a control channel on a wireless communication network. Each wireless telecommunication device is able to direct a single group communication stream to a designated target group of other wireless telecommunication devices, and the wireless telecommunication device has a dormant state in which the wireless telecommunication devices bridges a control channel with a communication server and an active state in which the wireless telecommunication device bridges a dedicated communication channel with the communication server. The wireless telecommunication device receives group communication setup data though a control channel for incoming group communications, and such delivery occurring without fully bridging a dedicated communication channel to that wireless telecommunication device.
    • 一种系统和方法,用于通过无线通信网络上的控制信道向等同的无线电信设备发送和传送诸如即按即说(PTT)建立数据的群组通信数据。 每个无线电信设备能够将单个组通信流引导到指定的其他无线电信设备的目标组,并且无线电信设备具有休眠状态,其中无线电信设备与控制信道与通信服务器和主动 无线电信设备与通信服务器桥接专用通信信道的状态。 无线电信设备通过用于进入组通信的控制信道来接收组通信建立数据,并且在没有完全桥接到该无线电信设备的专用通信信道的情况下进行发送。