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    • 32. 发明授权
    • Cryopreserving and cryogenically processing biological objects
    • 冷冻保存和低温处理生物体
    • US5925511A
    • 1999-07-20
    • US836092
    • 1997-08-29
    • Gunter FuhrJan HornungRolf HagedornTorsten MullerSteffen HowitzBernd WagnerUlrich Hofmann
    • Gunter FuhrJan HornungRolf HagedornTorsten MullerSteffen HowitzBernd WagnerUlrich Hofmann
    • A01N1/00A01N1/02A01N3/00
    • A01N1/02A01N1/0257A01N1/0278A01N1/0294
    • For the fixated cryopreservation of single living biological objects or s objects compiled in a given number (for example cells) a cryogenically cooled substrate (13) is jetted therewith in a enveloping solution in microdroplet form (12) from a storage vessel, for example by means of a microdroplet jetting device (11). The substrate is temperature-controlled via a coolant (15), the surface to be jetted being located in a gas atmosphere or in vacuum (14). The substrate surface is maintained at a temperature T1 resulting in freezing of the impinging microdroplet, the substrate surface being possibly supportingly microstructured and comprising sensing elements. By controlled movement of either the substrate or the microdroplet jetting device the microdroplets can be applied singly and in patterns in arrays freely selectable or predetermined by the structuring of the substrate. The substrate with the applied microdroplets and the cells frozen therein are stored and/or processed by a processing means (17) ablating the material or applying said material at temperatures T2 of down to -273.degree. C. In the cryogenic condition manipulations such as removal by mechanical ablation or addition of solutions or substances to the surface of the substrate can be undertaken. During thawing the substrate surface is brought to a temperature T1 above the freezing point of the enveloping solution and the microdroplet array thawed in a predefined manner.
    • PCT No.PCT / DE95 / 01490 Sec。 371日期1997年8月29日 102(e)日期1997年8月29日PCT提交1995年10月26日PCT公布。 第WO96 / 13159号公报 日期1996年5月9日对于以一定数量(例如细胞)编制的单一活生物体或此类物体的固定式低温保存,将低温冷却的基底(13)以微滴形式(12)的包封溶液从储存容器 ,例如通过微滴喷射装置(11)。 衬底通过冷却剂(15)进行温度控制,待喷射的表面位于气体气氛或真空中(14)。 衬底表面保持在温度T1,导致撞击微滴的冻结,衬底表面可能被支撑地微结构化并且包括感测元件。 通过基板或微滴喷射装置的受控运动,微滴可以单独施加,并且可以通过基板的结构自由选择或预定的阵列中的图案施加。 具有施加的微滴和在其中冷冻的细胞的基质通过处理装置(17)储存和/或处理,该处理装置(17)在低至-273℃的温度T2下烧蚀材料或施加所述材料。在低温条件下操作,例如去除 可以通过机械消融或将溶液或物质添加到基材表面进行。 在解冻期间,将衬底表面的温度T1提高到高于包络溶液的凝固点并且微滴阵列以预定方式解冻。
    • 33. 发明授权
    • Dielectric motor
    • 介质马达
    • US5726509A
    • 1998-03-10
    • US730907
    • 1991-10-21
    • Wolfgang BeneckeBernhard WagnerGunter FuhrRolf HagedornRoland GlaserJan Gimsa
    • Wolfgang BeneckeBernhard WagnerGunter FuhrRolf HagedornRoland GlaserJan Gimsa
    • H02K37/00H02N1/00
    • H02N1/004
    • A motor whose torque is not generated by magnetic fields but rather by dielectric forces to be used in microelectronics and micromechanics. The rotors are composed of several dielectrics, which are arranged in a sector-shaped or shell-shaped manner or partially or completely envelop each other. These motors can be miniaturized down to a size of a few millimeters. They are distinguished by having slow to medium rotation speeds, short starting phases (ms range and less), extremely low current consumption, simple construction, high running constancy and being practically maintenance free. The characteristic curve of rotation (rotation as the function of the field frequency) may be selected in many ranges by changing the dielectrics of the rotor.
    • PCT No.PCT / DE90 / 00067 Sec。 371日期1991年10月21日 102(e)日期1991年10月21日PCT提交1990年2月2日PCT公布。 第WO90 / 09057号公报 日期1990年8月9日电机的转矩不是由磁场产生的,而是由微电子学和微机械学中使用的介电力产生的。 转子由几个电介质组成,它们以扇形或壳形的方式布置或部分地或完全地彼此包围。 这些电机可以小型化至几毫米的尺寸。 它们的特点是具有慢到中等的转速,启动阶段短(ms范围小),极低的电流消耗,简单的结构,高运行稳定性和实际的免维护。 通过改变转子的电介质可以在许多范围内选择旋转的特性曲线(作为场频的函数的旋转)。