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    • 33. 发明授权
    • Cursor controlled page selection in a video display
    • 视频显示中光标控制的页面选择
    • US4587520A
    • 1986-05-06
    • US482852
    • 1983-04-07
    • Brian Astle
    • Brian Astle
    • G06F3/023G06F3/048H04N7/025G09G1/16
    • G06F3/04892H04N7/0255
    • A teletext system in which viewer function selection is accomplished by superposing a cursor on one of the displayed function words. The teletext/videotext receiver includes a ROM for storing page selection control symbols and a RAM for storing symbols and related addresses corresponding to all displayed page selection symbols. The RAM contents are compared with a cursor address signal to identify displayed page selection symbols that are at or near the cursor location. A page selection symbol, thus identified, is transferred from the RAM to the teletext/videotext system decoder as an information selection command in response to depression of a selection key whereby a minimum number of keys provide selection of a virtually unlimited number of system commands and a user may continuously monitor the displayed text while making selections thus reducing selection entry errors. Provision is made for altering the cursor position, shape and/or brightness upon a predetermined condition of proximity of the cursor with respect to a displayed system command symbol to verify the validity of the command to the user and to avoid positional ambiguities of the cursor relative to the displayed symbol.
    • 一种图文电视系统,其中通过将光标叠加在所显示的功能词之一上来实现观看者功能选择。 图文电视/录像机接收机包括用于存储页面选择控制符号的ROM和用于存储对应于所有显示的页面选择符号的符号和相关地址的RAM。 将RAM内容与光标地址信号进行比较,以识别在光标位置处或附近的所显示的页面选择符号。 如此识别的页选择符号作为响应于按下选择键的信息选择命令从RAM被传送到图文电视/视频文本系统解码器,由此最小数量的键提供对几乎无限数量的系统命令的选择,以及 用户可以在进行选择的同时连续地监视所显示的文本,从而减少选择输入错误。 提供了在光标相对于显示的系统命令符号的预定接近度的条件下改变光标位置,形状和/或亮度,以验证命令对用户的有效性并避免光标相对的位置模糊 到显示的符号。
    • 34. 发明授权
    • Motion estimation block matching speedup
    • 运动估计块匹配加速
    • US6020926A
    • 2000-02-01
    • US2071
    • 1998-01-22
    • Brian Astle
    • Brian Astle
    • H04N7/26H04N7/32
    • H04N19/51
    • In a digital video motion estimation compression and decompression system, pixel block-matching is accomplished by comparing pixels in target block regions of high gradients of luminance or hue. A few pixels from low-gradient regions are also preferably used. A mask defining these pixel locations in the target block is created, and the block comparisons with other blocks are based only on the relative values associated with the pixels in these locations. Major computational time savings are accomplished with negligible degradation of image quality.
    • 在数字视频运动估计压缩和解压缩系统中,通过比较亮度或色调的高梯度的目标块区域中的像素来实现像素块匹配。 还优选使用来自低梯度区域的几个像素。 创建在目标块中定义这些像素位置的掩码,并且与其他块的块比较仅基于与这些位置中的像素相关联的相对值。 主要的计算时间节省是通过图像质量的降低可以忽略不计来实现的。
    • 36. 发明授权
    • Process, apparatus, and system for two-dimensional caching to perform
motion estimation in video processing
    • 用于二维缓存的处理,装置和系统,用于在视频处理中执行运动估计
    • US5539664A
    • 1996-07-23
    • US262668
    • 1994-06-20
    • Siamack HaghighiBrian Astle
    • Siamack HaghighiBrian Astle
    • G06T7/20H04N5/14H04N7/26G06F17/00
    • H04N19/51G06T7/2013H04N5/145G06T2207/10016
    • A subset of signals corresponding to a two-dimensional set of signals is stored into an area of computer memory smaller than the two-dimensional set for processing. Additional signals are sequentially stored in the computer memory area and processed until the entire set of signals has been processed. In a preferred embodiment, motion estimation processing is performed by sequentially transmitting video signals corresponding to portions of a search region of a previous frame from off-chip memory and storing the video signals to on-chip memory for comparison with a reference block of a current frame. The invention provides reduced computer memory usage, reduced signal transfer, and more uniform signal transfer in computer-implemented processing, such as motion estimation processing, that involves two-dimensional caching.
    • 对应于二维信号集合的信号的子集被存储到比用于处理的二维集更小的计算机存储器的区域中。 附加信号被顺序地存储在计算机存储器区域中并被处理直到整个信号集合被处理。 在优选实施例中,通过从片外存储器依次发送与先前帧的搜索区域的部分相对应的视频信号并将视频信号存储在片上存储器中以与电流的参考块进行比较来执行运动估计处理 帧。 本发明在涉及二维高速缓存的计算机实现的处理(例如运动估计处理)中提供减少的计算机存储器使用,减少的信号传输和更均匀的信号传送。
    • 37. 发明授权
    • Limited-domain motion estimation/compensation for video encoding/decoding
    • 视频编码/解码的有限域运动估计/补偿
    • US5436666A
    • 1995-07-25
    • US65577
    • 1993-05-21
    • Brian Astle
    • Brian Astle
    • G06T9/00H04N5/14H04N7/36H04N7/24
    • H04N19/51H04N5/145
    • Methods and apparatuses for encoding video images using motion estimation and decoding encoded video images using motion compensation, where the motion estimation and/or the motion compensation is limited to subimages of the video images as defined by boundaries. Although motion compensation may not be used to estimate pels using data from the previous image frame that lies across the subimage boundaries, motion compensation may be used to estimate a portion of a block of the image frame being decoded using a region from the previous image frame that abuts a subimage boundary and is smaller than the block. The rest of the block may be estimated either by retaining the corresponding pels from the previous image frame or by replicating the pels from the previous image frame that lie along the subimage boundary.
    • 使用运动估计和使用运动补偿对编码视频图像进行解码来编码视频图像的方法和装置,其中运动估计和/或运动补偿被限制为由边界定义的视频图像的子图像。 虽然运动补偿可能不用于使用来自位于子图像边界之间的先前图像帧的数据来估计像素,但是运动补偿可以用于使用来自先前图像帧的区域来估计正在解码的图像帧的块的一部分 它邻接子图像边界并且小于块。 可以通过保留来自先前图像帧的相应像素或通过复制来自沿着子图像边界的先前图像帧的像素来估计块的其余部分。
    • 38. 发明授权
    • Buffer fullness indicator
    • 缓冲液充满度指示器
    • US5365552A
    • 1994-11-15
    • US977501
    • 1992-11-16
    • Brian Astle
    • Brian Astle
    • H04N7/32H04N21/236H04N21/24H04N21/43H04N21/434H04N21/44H04L7/00
    • H04N21/23614H04N19/152H04N21/2401H04N21/4307H04N21/4348H04N21/44004H04N19/50
    • The inventive method for indicating the level of buffer fullness of a data receiving device may be applied to editing processes and to general synchronization problems including problems involving clocks running at different speeds. The method of the present invention includes embedding into a transmitted bit stream a signal representing the fullness of the buffer of the receiving device, as calculated by the transmitting device. Thus, the bit stream received by the receiving device periodically includes a signal that indicates how full the transmitter model predicts the receiving buffer is. The receiving device applies a model decoder algorithm to the received bit stream and determines how full the buffer should be at different points for comparison with the periodic indicators.
    • 用于指示数据接收设备的缓冲器充满度的本发明的方法可以应用于编辑过程和包括涉及以不同速度运行的时钟的问题的一般同步问题。 本发明的方法包括:通过发送装置计算,将发送的比特流嵌入表示接收装置的缓冲器的丰满度的信号。 因此,由接收设备接收的比特流周期性地包括一个信号,该信号指示发射机模型如何预测接收缓冲器的完整程度。 接收设备对接收到的比特流应用模型解码器算法,并确定缓冲器在不同点应该如何满足以与周期性指示符进行比较。