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21. 发明授权

US5853044A Method of casting an article 失效
标题翻译：铸造物品的方法
公开(公告)号：US5853044A
公开(公告)日：1998-12-29
申请号：US636926
申请日：1996-04-24
申请人： Harold L. Wheaton , Lawrence D. Graham
发明人： Harold L. Wheaton , Lawrence D. Graham
IPC分类号： B22C7/02 , B22C9/04
CPC分类号： B22C7/02 , B22C21/14 , B22C9/04
摘要： A wax article pattern having a cavity corresponding to a cavity in a metal article is provided. The cavity in the wax article pattern is filled with a slurry of ceramic core material. The slurry of ceramic core material is solidified to form a core. The wax article pattern is enclosed by ceramic mold material. The ceramic mold material is solidified to form a mold. The wax pattern is removed from the mold to leave an article mold cavity. The article mold cavity is filled with molten metal which is solidified to form the metal article. A passage in the metal article may be formed by a pin which extends from the wax article pattern into the cavity in the wax article pattern and is enclosed by the slurry of ceramic core material.
摘要翻译：提供具有与金属制品中的空腔相对应的空腔的蜡制品图案。蜡制品图案中的空腔填充有陶瓷芯材料的浆料。将陶瓷芯材料的浆料固化形成核心。蜡制品图案由陶瓷模具材料包围。陶瓷模具材料被固化以形成模具。蜡模从模具中取出以留下制品模腔。制品模具腔充满熔融金属，其被固化以形成金属制品。金属制品中的通道可以由从蜡制品图案延伸到蜡制品图案中的空腔中并由陶瓷芯材料的浆料包围的销形成。

22. 发明授权

US5069265A Method of making a turbine engine component 失效
标题翻译：制造涡轮发动机部件的方法
公开(公告)号：US5069265A
公开(公告)日：1991-12-03
申请号：US499029
申请日：1990-03-26
申请人： William S. Blazek
发明人： William S. Blazek
IPC分类号： B22C9/04
CPC分类号： B22C9/04 , Y10T29/49323
摘要： A turbine engine component includes an annular array of airfoils which extend between inner and outer shroud rings. In order to accommodate thermal expansion of the airfoils, space is provided in a shroud ring rail. To provide space in the shroud ring rail, core material is positioned at the ends of the airfoils. The core material may be preformed separetely from the airfoils or may be a coating which is applied to end portions of the airfoils. Wax pattern material partially encloses the end portions of the airfoils and core material. The shroud ring pattern and the core material are covered with ceramic mold material to form a mold. The shroud ring pattern is then removed from the mold to leave the core material disposed in the shroud ring mold cavity at the end portions of the airfoils. As the mold is preheated, bonds between the core material and the airfoils are broken and the core material is gripped between end portions of the airfoils and the ceramic mold material. The shroud ring mold cavity is then filled with molten metal which is solidified to form the shroud ring. The core material is then removed from the shroud ring to leave space to accommodate thermal expansion of the airfoils.
摘要翻译：涡轮发动机部件包括在内护罩环和外护罩环之间延伸的翼型件的环形阵列。为了适应翼型件的热膨胀，在护罩环形轨道中设置空间。为了在护罩环形轨道中提供空间，芯材料位于翼型件的端部。芯材料可以从翼型件分离地预成型，或者可以是施加到翼型件端部的涂层。蜡图案材料部分地包围翼型件和芯材的端部。护罩环图案和芯材被陶瓷模具材料覆盖以形成模具。然后将护罩环图案从模具中取出，以将设置在护罩环模腔中的芯材留在翼型件的端部。当模具被预热时，芯材和翼型件之间的接合被破坏，芯材被夹在翼型件的端部和陶瓷模具材料之间。然后用熔融金属填充护罩环模具腔，熔融金属固化形成护罩环。然后将芯材从护罩环移除以留出空间以适应翼型件的热膨胀。

23. 发明授权

US4905752A Method of casting a metal article 失效
标题翻译：铸造金属制品的方法
公开(公告)号：US4905752A
公开(公告)日：1990-03-06
申请号：US312044
申请日：1989-02-16
申请人： T. V. Rama Prasad
发明人： T. V. Rama Prasad
IPC分类号： B22D27/04
CPC分类号： B22D27/045
摘要： A long thin article having an enlarged end portion, such as a vane having a long thin airfoil and a shroud at the end of the airfoil, is cast by using a chill at the enlarged end portion of an article mold cavity. The chill is engaged by molten metal at the enlarged end portion of the article mold cavity. The molten metal quickly solidifies adjacent to the chill to eliminate the formation of defects. The chill is advantageously located in a pocket disposed at one end of the article mold cavity. The chills are placed in the pockets with the molds in an up-side-down orientation. The mold is then turned right-side-up and placed on a chill plate. The chills project from the mold and support the mold above the chill plate. During casting of an article, heat is transmitted from the enlarged end portion of the article through chill to the chill plate.
摘要翻译：通过在制品模腔的扩大端部处使用冷却，使具有扩大端部的长的薄制品（例如具有长薄翼型的翼片和在翼型的端部处的护罩）被浇铸。冷却在制品模腔的扩大端部处由熔融金属接合。熔融金属在冷却附近快速固化，以消除缺陷的形成。冷藏有利地位于设置在制品模腔一端的口袋中。将寒冷放置在口袋中，模具处于上下方向。然后将模具右侧向上转动并放置在冷却板上。来自模具的冷却工程从冷却板上方支撑模具。在铸造制品期间，热量通过冷却从制品的扩大端部传递到冷却板。

24. 发明授权

US4809764A Method of casting a metal article 失效
标题翻译：铸造金属制品的方法
公开(公告)号：US4809764A
公开(公告)日：1989-03-07
申请号：US174007
申请日：1988-03-28
申请人： T. V. Rama Prasad
发明人： T. V. Rama Prasad
IPC分类号： B22D27/04
CPC分类号： B22D27/045
摘要： A long, thin article or portion of an article of an equiaxed metal is cast without providing gates along the length of a portion of a mold cavity in which the long thin portion of the article is cast. Prior to casting the article, the lower half of the long thin portion of the article mold is heated into a temperature range in which the highest temperature is close to but less than the solidus temperature of the metal of the article. Molten metal is conducted into the long thin portion of the article mold cavity at a location other than along the length of the long thin portion of the article mold cavity. During solidification of the molten metal, molten metal is simultaneously solidified along surface areas in the lower half of the long thin portion of the mold cavity and along surface areas in the upper half of the long thin portion of the mold cavity. The solidificaton of the molten metal in the lower half of the long thin portion of the mold cavity is completed prior to completion of solidification of the molten metal in the upper half of the long thin portion of the mold cavity.
摘要翻译：将等长金属制品的长而薄的制品或部分铸造成不沿着模具腔的一部分的长度提供浇口，其中铸造制品的长薄部分。在铸造物品之前，制品模具的长薄部分的下半部分被加热到最高温度接近但小于制品金属的固相线温度的温度范围。熔融金属沿着制品模具腔的长薄部分的长度以外的位置被导入制品模腔的长薄部分。在熔融金属固化期间，熔融金属同时沿着模腔的长薄部分的下半部分中的表面区域和模腔长薄部分的上半部分中的表面区域固化。在模具的长薄部分的上半部分中的熔融金属凝固完成之前，模具腔的长薄部分的下半部分中的熔融金属的凝固完成。

25. 发明授权

US4667728A Method and apparatus for casting articles 失效
标题翻译：铸造物品的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US4667728A
公开(公告)日：1987-05-26
申请号：US854301
申请日：1986-04-21
申请人： Lawrence D. Graham
发明人： Lawrence D. Graham
IPC分类号： B22C9/08 , B22D33/04
CPC分类号： B22D33/04
摘要： In order to maintain fluid tight seals between open ended article mold cavities and a chill plate and to prevent cracking of article molds at connections with a base plate, the base plate has sections which can be moved relative to each other under the effect of thermal expansion forces transmitted from a molten metal distribution system connected with the upper ends of the article molds. The base plate may be formed as one piece with stress concentration areas. During the casting of articles, stresses in the base plate crack the base plate at the areas of stress concentration to form the separate sections of the base plate. The areas of stress concentration can be formed by slots or grooves in the base plate. The areas of stress concentration can also be formed by bodies of expansion material having a greater coefficient of thermal expansion than the ceramic material of the base plate. Upon heating of the base plate, the bodies of expansion material expand to a greater extent than the ceramic material of the base plate and crack the base plate in preselected areas which are spaced from the connections between the article molds and the base plate.
摘要翻译：为了在开放式制品模腔和冷却板之间保持流体密封，并且在与基板连接的情况下防止制品模具开裂，基板具有可在热膨胀的作用下相对于彼此移动的部分从与制品模具的上端连接的熔融金属分配系统传递的力。基板可以形成为具有应力集中区域的一体。在制品的铸造过程中，基板上的应力在应力集中区域处裂开基板，形成基板的分开部分。应力集中区域可以由基板中的槽或槽形成。应力集中的区域也可以由具有比基板的陶瓷材料更大的热膨胀系数的膨胀材料体形成。在加热基板时，膨胀材料体会比基板的陶瓷材料膨胀得更大，并且在与制品模具和基板之间的连接部分间隔开的预选区域中裂开基板。

26. 发明授权

EP0427392B1 Improved method of casting a reactive metal against a surface formed from an improved slurry containing yttria 失效
标题翻译：一种用于其制备含有氧化钇淤泥的表面上铸造活性金属的方法。
公开(公告)号：EP0427392B1
公开(公告)日：1995-05-17
申请号：EP90310844.7
申请日：1990-10-04
申请人： PCC Airfoils, Inc.
发明人： Horton, Robert A.
IPC分类号： B22C3/00
CPC分类号： B22C1/06 , C04B35/505 , C04B35/6263 , C04B35/6316 , C04B2235/3201 , C04B2235/3203 , C04B2235/3418 , C04B2235/5436

27. 发明公开

EP0427392A2 Improved method of casting a reactive metal against a surface formed from an improved slurry containing yttria 失效
标题翻译：一种用于其制备含有氧化钇淤泥的表面上铸造活性金属的方法。
公开(公告)号：EP0427392A2
公开(公告)日：1991-05-15
申请号：EP90310844.7
申请日：1990-10-04
申请人： PCC Airfoils, Inc.
发明人： Horton, Robert A.
IPC分类号： B22C3/00
CPC分类号： B22C1/06 , C04B35/505 , C04B35/6263 , C04B35/6316 , C04B2235/3201 , C04B2235/3203 , C04B2235/3418 , C04B2235/5436
摘要： Reactive metals such as titanium and nickel-chrome superalloys containing rare earths, are cast with mold and/or core surface areas formed from an improved slurry. The improved slurry contains yttria to form an inert surface which is exposed to the molten reactive metal. In order to prevent premature gelation of the slurry, the forming of defects in the mold and/or core surface areas, and the forming of defects in the cast article, the slurry contains a source of hydroxyl ions sufficient to result in the slurry having a pH of at least 10.2 six days after initially mixing the slurry. The source of hydroxyl ions may be an alkali metal or an organic hydroxide. The source of hydroxyl ions is believed to function as a hydration suppressant for the yttria to prevent premature gelation of the slurry. The slurry preferably contains a silica to alkali ratio which is equivalent to a silica to sodium oxide (Na₂O) dry weight ratio of less than 30:1.
摘要翻译：反应性金属：例如钛和镍 - 铬高温合金含稀土，都铸有模具和/或从改善浆料而形成芯的表面积。改进的浆液含有氧化钇，以形成惰性表面上的所有的暴露于所述熔融金属的反应性。为了防止浆料的过早凝胶化，则在模具和/或芯表面区域中的缺陷形成，并且在铸造制品的缺陷的形成，所述浆料含有羟基的源的离子足以导致具有所述浆料 INITIALLY混合浆料后的至少10.26天pH值。氢氧根离子源可以是碱金属或有机氢氧化物的。氢氧根离子的来源据信作为水合抑制剂发挥作用的氧化钇，以防止料浆的过早胶凝。该浆料优选含有二氧化硅与碱比所有其等同于的二氧化硅与氧化钠（Na 2 O）小于30干重量比第一

28. 发明公开

EP0278762A2 Method and apparatus for use in casting articles 失效
标题翻译： Einrichtung und Verfahren zur Anwendung beim Giessen vonGegenständen。
公开(公告)号：EP0278762A2
公开(公告)日：1988-08-17
申请号：EP88301136.3
申请日：1988-02-11
申请人： PCC Airfoils, Inc.
发明人： Graham, Lawrence D. , Fetsko, Daniel George , George, Thomas , Crnkovic, Mark A. , James, William D. , Merz, Walter E.
IPC分类号： B22D27/04
CPC分类号： B22D27/04
摘要： An improved apparatus and method is used to cast a plurality of articles in a mold structure (30) having a plurality of article molds (32) disposed in an array having an open central portion. The article molds are filled with molten metal while the mold structure is supported on a chill plate. An inner baffle plate is disposed in the central portion of the array of article molds and retards the transfer of heat from the article molds to the chill plate. The inner baffle plate is supported by a support structure which extends through the chill plate (20). After the article molds have been filled with molten metal, the chill plate and mold structure are lowered relative to the inner baffle plate to increase the rate of heat transfer from the article molds to the chill plate through the open central portion of the array of article molds. Thereafter, the inner baffle (44) plate and support structure are lowered with the chill plate and mold structure. An outer baffle plate (46) extends around the outside of the mold structure and is supported by the support structure. The outer baffle plate may be pressed against the bottom of a furnace (14) to retard heat transfer between the inside and outside of the furnace along a path extending outside of the mold structure.
摘要翻译：改进的装置和方法用于将多个物品浇铸在具有多个制品模具（32）的模具结构（30）中，所述多个制品模具（32）设置成具有开放中心部分的阵列。在模具结构支撑在冷却板上的同时，用熔融金属填充制品。内部挡板设置在制品模具阵列的中心部分中，并延缓了从制品模具向冷却板传递热量。内挡板由延伸穿过冷却板（20）的支撑结构支撑。在物品模具已经充满熔融金属之后，冷却板和模具结构相对于内挡板降低，以增加通过物品阵列的打开的中心部分从制品模具到冷却板的热传递速率模具。此后，内部挡板（44）板和支撑结构随着冷却板和模具结构而下降。外挡板（46）围绕模具结构的外部延伸并由支撑结构支撑。外挡板可以压靠在炉子14的底部，以沿着延伸到模具结构外部的路径阻止炉内部和外部之间的热传递。

29. 发明公开

EP0243094A2 Method of making a mold 失效
标题翻译： Verfahren zur Herstellung einer表格。
公开(公告)号：EP0243094A2
公开(公告)日：1987-10-28
申请号：EP87303352.6
申请日：1987-04-15
申请人： PCC Airfoils, Inc.
发明人： Carson, Daniel Paul , Cozza , Francis Ernest
IPC分类号： B22C9/00
CPC分类号： B22C9/043
摘要： A method of making a ceramic mold includes covering both a pattern member (86, 88) and a body of expansion material with a layer (96) of ceramic mold material. The body of expansion material has a coefficient of thermal expansion which is greater than the coefficient of thermal expansion of the ceramic mold material. The layer of ceramic mold material and the body of expansion material are heated. This results in a cracking of the layer of ceramic mold material by the body of expansion material due to greater thermal expansion of the body of expansion material as it is heated. During the step of heating the ceramic mold material and body of expansion material (92), the pattern member is melted to separate the pattern from the layer of ceramic mold material.
摘要翻译：制造陶瓷模具的方法包括用陶瓷模具材料层（96）覆盖图案构件（86,88）和膨胀材料体。膨胀材料体的热膨胀系数大于陶瓷模具材料的热膨胀系数。陶瓷模具材料层和膨胀材料体被加热。这导致膨胀材料体的陶瓷模具材料层由于膨胀材料在被加热时的较大热膨胀而开裂。在加热陶瓷模具材料和膨胀材料体（92）的步骤期间，将图案构件熔化以将图案与陶瓷模具材料层分离。

30. 发明公开

EP0059549A2 Method of casting an article 有权转让
标题翻译： Verfahren zum Giessen vonGegenständen。
公开(公告)号：EP0059549A2
公开(公告)日：1982-09-08
申请号：EP82300766.1
申请日：1982-02-16
申请人： PCC Airfoils, Inc.
发明人： Vishnevsky, Constantine , Kolakowski, Thomas Alan
IPC分类号： B22D27/04
CPC分类号： B22D27/045
摘要： An improved method of casting a directionally solidified metal article, such as an airfoil, includes the steps of providing a directionally solidified starter element which is formed of a plurality of elongated metal crystals. In one specific preferred embodiment, each of the elongated metal crystals of the starter element is formed of a plurality of cubic unit cells having sides extending at an acute angle to the longitudinal axis of the crystal such that each cell is advantageously oriented with its 1111] direction extending substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the elongated crystal. When an article is to be cast, the starter element is positioned at the lower end of a mold cavity and is exposed to a chill. Molten metal is poured into the mold cavity and is solidified. As this occurs, a cast article is formed of elongated crystals having longitudinal axes extending parallel to the longitudinal axes of the crystals in the starter element. Each of the elongated crystals in the cast article is formed of a plurality of cubic unit cells. The sides of the unit cells of the elongated crystals in the cast article have the same orientation as the sides of the unit cells in the elongated crystals of the starter element.
摘要翻译：铸造定向凝固的金属制品（例如翼型件）的改进方法包括提供由多个细长金属晶体形成的定向凝固起动元件的步骤。在一个具体的优选实施例中，起动器元件的每个细长金属晶体由多个立方单元电池形成，所述立方单元电池具有与晶体的纵向轴线成锐角延伸的侧面，使得每个电池有利地取向为其[111 ]方向基本上平行于细长晶体的纵向轴线延伸。当要铸造制品时，起动器元件位于模腔的下端并暴露于冷却。将熔融金属倒入模腔中并固化。当这种情况发生时，浇铸制品由具有平行于起动元件中的晶体的纵向轴线的纵向轴线的细长晶体形成。铸造制品中的每个细长晶体由多个立方晶胞形成。铸造制品中细长晶体的单元电池的侧面具有与起动器元件的细长晶体中的单元电池的侧面相同的取向。

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