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21. 发明授权

US07491458B2 Active metal fuel cells 失效
标题翻译：活性金属燃料电池
公开(公告)号：US07491458B2
公开(公告)日：2009-02-17
申请号：US10825587
申请日：2004-04-14
申请人： Steven J. Visco , Yevgeniy S. Nimon , Bruce D. Katz , Lutgard C. De Jonghe
发明人： Steven J. Visco , Yevgeniy S. Nimon , Bruce D. Katz , Lutgard C. De Jonghe
IPC分类号： H01M4/40 , H01M12/06 , H01M2/16
CPC分类号： H01M12/04 , H01M2/1646 , H01M4/40 , H01M12/08 , H01M16/003 , Y02E60/128 , Y02P90/40
摘要： Active metal fuel cells are provided. An active metal fuel cell has a renewable active metal (e.g., lithium) anode and a cathode structure that includes an electronically conductive component (e.g., a porous metal or alloy), an ionically conductive component (e.g., an electrolyte), and a fluid oxidant (e.g., air, water or a peroxide or other aqueous solution). The pairing of an active metal anode with a cathode oxidant in a fuel cell is enabled by an ionically conductive protective membrane on the surface of the anode facing the cathode.
摘要翻译：提供了活性金属燃料电池。活性金属燃料电池具有可再生活性金属（例如锂）阳极和阴极结构，其包括电子导电组分（例如，多孔金属或合金），离子导电组分（例如电解质）和流体氧化剂（例如空气，水或过氧化物或其它水溶液）。活性金属阳极与燃料电池中的阴极氧化剂的配对通过面向阴极的阳极表面上的离子导电保护膜来实现。

22. 发明授权

US07282295B2 Protected active metal electrode and battery cell structures with non-aqueous interlayer architecture 有权
标题翻译：受保护的活性金属电极和具有非水层间结构的电池单元结构
公开(公告)号：US07282295B2
公开(公告)日：2007-10-16
申请号：US10824944
申请日：2004-04-14
申请人： Steven J. Visco , Bruce D. Katz , Yevgeniy S. Nimon , Lutgard C. De Jonghe
发明人： Steven J. Visco , Bruce D. Katz , Yevgeniy S. Nimon , Lutgard C. De Jonghe
IPC分类号： H01M6/14 , H01M6/16 , H01M2/16
CPC分类号： H01M2/1673 , H01G11/06 , H01G11/52 , H01G11/58 , H01M2/1686 , H01M4/13 , H01M4/366 , H01M4/587 , H01M10/052 , H01M10/0525 , H01M10/0562 , H01M10/0565 , H01M2300/0002 , H01M2300/0085 , Y02E60/122 , Y02E60/13 , Y02P70/54 , Y10T29/49108
摘要： Active metal and active metal intercalation electrode structures and battery cells having ionically conductive protective architecture including an active metal (e.g., lithium) conductive impervious layer separated from the electrode (anode) by a porous separator impregnated with a non-aqueous electrolyte (anolyte). This protective architecture prevents the active metal from deleterious reaction with the environment on the other (cathode) side of the impervious layer, which may include aqueous or non-aqueous liquid electrolytes (catholytes) and/or a variety electrochemically active materials, including liquid, solid and gaseous oxidizers. Safety additives and designs that facilitate manufacture are also provided.
摘要翻译：活性金属和活性金属插入电极结构以及具有离子导电保护结构的电池单元，其包括通过浸渍有非水电解质（阳极电解液）的多孔隔离物与电极（阳极）分离的活性金属（例如锂）导电不渗透层。这种保护结构防止活性金属与不透水层的另一（阴极）侧的环境有害的反应，其可以包括水性或非水性液体电解质（阴极电解液）和/或各种电化学活性材料，包括液体，固体和气体氧化剂。还提供了便于制造的安全性添加剂和设计。

23. 发明授权

US08828575B2 Aqueous electrolyte lithium sulfur batteries 有权
标题翻译：水电解液锂硫电池
公开(公告)号：US08828575B2
公开(公告)日：2014-09-09
申请号：US13676487
申请日：2012-11-14
申请人： Steven J. Visco , Yevgeniy S. Nimon , Bruce D. Katz , Lutgard C. De Jonghe , Nikolay Goncharenko , Valentina Loginova
发明人： Steven J. Visco , Yevgeniy S. Nimon , Bruce D. Katz , Lutgard C. De Jonghe , Nikolay Goncharenko , Valentina Loginova
IPC分类号： H01M4/58 , H01M8/18 , H01M8/20 , H01M4/38 , H01M4/1397 , H01M4/136 , H01M10/36 , H01M2/40 , H01M10/052 , H01M4/40
CPC分类号： H01M6/04 , H01M2/40 , H01M4/136 , H01M4/1397 , H01M4/38 , H01M4/382 , H01M4/386 , H01M4/40 , H01M4/405 , H01M4/485 , H01M4/5815 , H01M4/587 , H01M4/661 , H01M4/663 , H01M4/667 , H01M4/74 , H01M4/806 , H01M4/808 , H01M8/188 , H01M8/20 , H01M10/02 , H01M10/052 , H01M10/26 , H01M10/36 , H01M12/08 , H01M2300/0014 , H01M2300/0037 , Y02E60/12 , Y02E60/124 , Y02E60/128 , Y02P70/54 , Y02T10/7011
摘要： Provided are lithium sulfur battery cells that use water as an electrolyte solvent. In various embodiments the water solvent enhances one or more of the following cell attributes: energy density, power density and cycle life. Significant cost reduction can also be realized by using an aqueous electrolyte in combination with a sulfur cathode. For instance, in applications where cost per Watt-Hour (Wh) is paramount, such as grid storage and traction applications, the use of an aqueous electrolyte in combination with inexpensive sulfur as the cathode active material can be a key enabler for the utility and automotive industries, providing a cost effective and compact solution for load leveling, electric vehicles and renewable energy storage.
摘要翻译：提供使用水作为电解质溶剂的锂硫电池。在各种实施方案中，水溶剂增强以下电池属性中的一个或多个：能量密度，功率密度和循环寿命。通过使用与硫阴极组合的水性电解质也可以实现显着的成本降低。例如，在瓦特成本（Wh）至关重要的应用中，例如电网储存和牵引应用，使用含水电解质与廉价硫作为阴极活性材料可以成为实用和关键的关键因素，汽车行业，为负载均衡，电动汽车和可再生能源存储提供了成本效益和紧凑的解决方案。

24. 发明授权

US08501339B2 Protected lithium electrodes having a polymer electrolyte interlayer and battery cells thereof 有权
标题翻译：具有聚合物电解质中间层的保护锂电极及其电池单元
公开(公告)号：US08501339B2
公开(公告)日：2013-08-06
申请号：US13615351
申请日：2012-09-13
申请人： Steven J. Visco , Bruce D. Katz , Yevgeniy S. Nimon , Lutgard C. De Jonghe
发明人： Steven J. Visco , Bruce D. Katz , Yevgeniy S. Nimon , Lutgard C. De Jonghe
IPC分类号： H01M2/16 , H01M6/14 , H01M6/16
CPC分类号： H01M2/1673 , H01G11/06 , H01G11/52 , H01G11/58 , H01M2/1686 , H01M4/13 , H01M4/366 , H01M4/587 , H01M10/052 , H01M10/0525 , H01M10/0562 , H01M10/0565 , H01M2300/0002 , H01M2300/0085 , Y02E60/122 , Y02E60/13 , Y02P70/54 , Y10T29/49108
摘要： Active metal and active metal intercalation electrode structures and battery cells having ionically conductive protective architecture including an active metal (e.g., lithium) conductive impervious layer separated from the electrode (anode) by a porous separator impregnated with a non-aqueous electrolyte (anolyte). This protective architecture prevents the active metal from deleterious reaction with the environment on the other (cathode) side of the impervious layer, which may include aqueous or non-aqueous liquid electrolytes (catholytes) and/or a variety electrochemically active materials, including liquid, solid and gaseous oxidizers. Safety additives and designs that facilitate manufacture are also provided.
摘要翻译：活性金属和活性金属插入电极结构以及具有离子导电保护结构的电池单元，其包括通过浸渍有非水电解质（阳极电解液）的多孔隔离物与电极（阳极）分离的活性金属（例如锂）导电不渗透层。这种保护结构防止活性金属与不透水层的另一（阴极）侧的环境有害的反应，其可以包括水性或非水性液体电解质（阴极电解液）和/或各种电化学活性材料，包括液体，固体和气体氧化剂。还提供了便于制造的安全性添加剂和设计。

25. 发明申请

US20130122334A1 AQUEOUS ELECTROLYTE LITHIUM SULFUR BATTERIES 有权
公开(公告)号：US20130122334A1
公开(公告)日：2013-05-16
申请号：US13475324
申请日：2012-05-18
申请人： Steven J. Visco , Yevgeniy S. Nimon , Bruce D. Katz , Lutgard C. De Jonghe , Nikolay Goncharenko , Valentina Loginova
发明人： Steven J. Visco , Yevgeniy S. Nimon , Bruce D. Katz , Lutgard C. De Jonghe , Nikolay Goncharenko , Valentina Loginova
IPC分类号： H01M4/36 , H01M6/04 , H01M2/36
CPC分类号： H01M4/38 , H01M4/382 , H01M4/405 , H01M4/5815 , H01M6/045 , Y02E60/12 , Y10T29/49108
摘要： Provided are lithium sulfur battery cells that use water as an electrolyte solvent. In various embodiments the water solvent enhances one or more of the following cell attributes: energy density, power density and cycle life. Significant cost reduction can also be realized by using an aqueous electrolyte in combination with a sulfur cathode. For instance, in applications where cost per Watt-Hour (Wh) is paramount, such as grid storage and traction applications, the use of an aqueous electrolyte in combination with inexpensive sulfur as the cathode active material can be a key enabler for the utility and automotive industries, providing a cost effective and compact solution for load leveling, electric vehicles and renewable energy storage.

26. 发明申请

US20130059177A1 LI-ION/POLYSULFIDE FLOW BATTERY 失效
标题翻译： LI-ION / POLYSULFIDE FLOW BATTERY
公开(公告)号：US20130059177A1
公开(公告)日：2013-03-07
申请号：US13161351
申请日：2011-06-15
申请人： Lutgard C. De Jonghe , Steven J. Visco , Yevgeniy S. Nimon , Bruce D. Katz
发明人： Lutgard C. De Jonghe , Steven J. Visco , Yevgeniy S. Nimon , Bruce D. Katz
IPC分类号： H01M8/18 , H01M2/40
CPC分类号： H01M4/5815 , H01M4/382 , H01M8/188 , H01M8/20 , Y02E60/12 , Y02E60/528
摘要： Li-Ion/Polysulfide flow battery systems are provided to achieve high energy density and long service life. The system is configured to minimize corrosion of the lithium electrode by providing an electrochemical reactor comprising a first and a second electrode configured in spaced apart relation defining an inter-electrode channel through which the sulfur electrolyte is caused to flow.
摘要翻译：提供锂离子/多硫化物流动电池系统，以实现高能量密度和长使用寿命。该系统被配置为通过提供一种电化学反应器来最小化锂电极的腐蚀，所述电化学反应器包括第一和第二电极，所述第一和第二电极被构造成间隔开的关系，所述第一和第二电极限定了引起硫电解质流过的

27. 发明授权

US07824806B2 Compliant seal structures for protected active metal anodes 有权
标题翻译：用于受保护的活性金属阳极的符合密封结构
公开(公告)号：US07824806B2
公开(公告)日：2010-11-02
申请号：US11501676
申请日：2006-08-08
申请人： Steven J. Visco , Yevgeniy S. Nimon , Lutgard C. De Jonghe , Bruce D. Katz , Alexei Petrov
发明人： Steven J. Visco , Yevgeniy S. Nimon , Lutgard C. De Jonghe , Bruce D. Katz , Alexei Petrov
IPC分类号： H01M4/40 , H01M4/76 , H01M2/08
CPC分类号： H01M2/08 , H01B1/122 , H01G11/56 , H01M2/0207 , H01M2/16 , H01M2/1686 , H01M2/18 , H01M4/13 , H01M4/131 , H01M4/133 , H01M4/134 , H01M6/34 , H01M6/42 , H01M10/052 , H01M12/065 , H01M2004/021 , Y02E60/13 , Y10T29/4911
摘要： Protected anode architectures have ionically conductive protective membrane architectures that, in conjunction with compliant seal structures and anode backplanes, effectively enclose an active metal anode inside the interior of an anode compartment. This enclosure prevents the active metal from deleterious reaction with the environment external to the anode compartment, which may include aqueous, ambient moisture, and/or other materials corrosive to the active metal. The compliant seal structures are substantially impervious to anolytes, catholyes, dissolved species in electrolytes, and moisture and compliant to changes in anode volume such that physical continuity between the anode protective architecture and backplane are maintained. The protected anode architectures can be used in arrays of protected anode architectures and battery cells of various configurations incorporating the protected anode architectures or arrays.
摘要翻译：受保护的阳极结构具有离子导电保护膜结构，其结合顺应性密封结构和阳极背板，有效地将活性金属阳极包围在阳极室的内部。该外壳防止活性金属与阳极室外部的环境有害的反应，阳极室可包括水性环境水分和/或对活性金属具有腐蚀性的其它材料。顺应性密封结构基本上不透过阳极电解液，阴极电解质，电解质中的溶解物质和水分，并且符合阳极体积的变化，从而维持阳极保护结构和背板之间的物理连续性。受保护的阳极结构可用于保护阳极结构的阵列和包含受保护的阳极结构或阵列的各种配置的电池单元。

28. 发明申请

US20100273067A1 ACTIVE METAL FUEL CELLS 失效
标题翻译：活性金属燃料电池
公开(公告)号：US20100273067A1
公开(公告)日：2010-10-28
申请号：US12831066
申请日：2010-07-06
申请人： Steven J. Visco , Yevgeniy S. Nimon , Bruce D. Katz , Lutgard C. De Jonghe
发明人： Steven J. Visco , Yevgeniy S. Nimon , Bruce D. Katz , Lutgard C. De Jonghe
IPC分类号： H01M8/22
CPC分类号： H01M12/04 , H01M2/1646 , H01M4/40 , H01M12/08 , H01M16/003 , Y02E60/128 , Y02P90/40
摘要： Active metal fuel cells are provided. An active metal fuel cell has a renewable active metal (e.g., lithium) anode and a cathode structure that includes an electronically conductive component (e.g., a porous metal or alloy), an ionically conductive component (e.g., an electrolyte), and a fluid oxidant (e.g., air, water or a peroxide or other aqueous solution). The pairing of an active metal anode with a cathode oxidant in a fuel cell is enabled by an ionically conductive protective membrane on the surface of the anode facing the cathode.
摘要翻译：提供了活性金属燃料电池。活性金属燃料电池具有可再生活性金属（例如锂）阳极和阴极结构，其包括电子导电组分（例如，多孔金属或合金），离子导电组分（例如电解质）和流体氧化剂（例如空气，水或过氧化物或其它水溶液）。活性金属阳极与燃料电池中的阴极氧化剂的配对通过面向阴极的阳极表面上的离子导电保护膜来实现。

29. 发明授权

US06200704B1 High capacity/high discharge rate rechargeable positive electrode 有权
标题翻译：高容量/高放电倍率的可充电正极
公开(公告)号：US06200704B1
公开(公告)日：2001-03-13
申请号：US09145484
申请日：1998-09-01
申请人： Bruce D. Katz , Lutgard C. De Jonghe , May-Ying Chu , Steven J. Visco
发明人： Bruce D. Katz , Lutgard C. De Jonghe , May-Ying Chu , Steven J. Visco
IPC分类号： H01M458
CPC分类号： H01M4/02 , H01M4/362 , H01M4/581 , H01M4/5815 , H01M4/625 , H01M10/0436 , H01M10/052 , H01M2004/028
摘要： Disclosed is a positive electrode that has a low equivalent weight and high cell voltage and consequently a high specific energy, and a high discharge rate pulse capability. Also disclosed are methods for fabricating active-sulfur-based composite electrodes, and battery cells incorporating such electrodes. The batteries of this invention are preferably rechargeable and operate at high sulfur utilization over many cycles. Positive electrodes according to the present invention are composed of at least two electrochemically active materials: an “active-sulfur” material, and a second electrochemically active material having a higher discharge rate than the active-sulfur component. The active-sulfur component is also oxidizing with respect to the higher discharge rate material. In operation, the active-sulfur component of the positive electrode discharges to satisfy power demands below its maximum discharge rate. The high discharge rate (but relatively low capacity) material is discharged to satisfy power demands that exceed the active-sulfur's discharge rate. The high discharge rate material in the positive electrode may be effectively recharged (or “regenerated”) chemically by oxidation by the active-sulfur material during a “resting” phase, that is, when the power demands on a battery cell in which the cathode is incorporated are low enough that they may be met without exceeding the maximum discharge rate of the active-sulfur component of the positive electrode.
摘要翻译：公开了具有低当量和高电池电压并因此具有高比能量和高放电率脉冲能力的正电极。还公开了制造活性硫基复合电极的方法以及包含这种电极的电池单体。本发明的电池优选是可充电的并且在多个循环中以高硫利用运行。根据本发明的正电极由至少两种电化学活性材料：“活性硫”材料和具有比活性硫组分更高的放电率的第二电化学活性材料组成。相对于较高的排出速率的材料，活性硫成分也是氧化的。在操作中，正极的活性硫成分排出以满足低于其最大放电率的功率需求。高放电率（但容量相对较小）的材料排放满足超过活性硫排放速率的电力需求。正极中的高放电率材料可以通过在“静止”阶段期间被活性硫材料氧化而化学地再充电（或“再生”），即当电力需要电池单元时，其中阴极并不足够超过正极的活性硫成分的最大排出速度，所以能够满足这些要求。

30. 发明授权

US06030720A Liquid electrolyte lithium-sulfur batteries 失效
标题翻译：液体电解液锂硫电池
公开(公告)号：US06030720A
公开(公告)日：2000-02-29
申请号：US948969
申请日：1997-10-10
申请人： May-Ying Chu , Lutgard C. De Jonghe , Steven J. Visco , Bruce D. Katz
发明人： May-Ying Chu , Lutgard C. De Jonghe , Steven J. Visco , Bruce D. Katz
IPC分类号： C07D323/00 , C07C227/32 , H01M2/16 , H01M4/02 , H01M4/04 , H01M4/38 , H01M4/58 , H01M4/60 , H01M4/62 , H01M6/16 , H01M6/18 , H01M6/40 , H01M10/36 , H01M10/39 , H01M10/44 , H01M10/40
CPC分类号： H01M10/0569 , C07C227/32 , H01M10/05 , H01M10/052 , H01M10/0565 , H01M10/36 , H01M4/02 , H01M4/04 , H01M4/0402 , H01M4/0404 , H01M4/0409 , H01M4/0411 , H01M4/0416 , H01M4/0435 , H01M4/0438 , H01M4/045 , H01M4/13 , H01M4/38 , H01M4/382 , H01M4/5815 , H01M4/62 , H01M4/626 , H01M10/39 , H01M10/3909 , H01M10/44 , H01M2/1673 , H01M2004/028 , H01M2300/0065 , H01M2300/0085 , H01M4/581 , H01M4/60 , H01M4/621 , H01M4/624 , H01M4/625 , H01M6/164 , H01M6/168 , H01M6/18 , H01M6/181 , H01M6/188 , H01M6/40
摘要： Disclosed are electrolyte solvents for ambient-temperature lithium-sulfur batteries. The disclosed solvents include at least one ethoxy repeating unit compound of the general formula R.sub.1 (CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 O).sub.n R.sub.2, where n ranges between 2 and 10 and R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are different or identical alkyl or alkoxy groups (including substituted alkyl or alkoxy groups). Alternatively, R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 may together with (CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 O).sub.n form a closed ring. Examples of linear solvents include the glymes (CH.sub.3 O(CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2).sub.n CH.sub.3). Some electrolyte solvents include a donor or acceptor solvent in addition to an ethoxy compound as described. Examples of donor solvents include hexamethylphosphoramide, pyridine, N,N-diethylacetamide, N,N-diethylformamide, dimethylsulfoxide, tetramethylurea, N,N-dimethylacetamide, N,N-dimethylformamide, tributylphosphate, trimethylphosphate, N,N,N',N'-tetraethylsulfamide, tetramethylenediamine, tetramethylpropylenediamine, and pentamethyldiethylenetriamine. These assist in solvation of lithium ions. Examples of acceptor solvents include alcohols, glycols, and polyglycols. These assist in solvation of the sulfide and polysulfide anions.
摘要翻译：公开了用于环境温度的锂硫电池的电解质溶剂。所公开的溶剂包括至少一种通式为R 1（CH 2 CH 2 O）n R 2的乙氧基重复单元化合物，其中n为2-10，R 1和R 2为不同或相同的烷基或烷氧基（包括取代的烷基或烷氧基）。或者，R 1和R 2可以与（CH 2 CH 2 O）n一起形成闭环。线性溶剂的实例包括甘氨酸（CH3O（CH2CH2）nCH3）。除了所述的乙氧基化合物之外，一些电解质溶剂包括供体或受体溶剂。供体溶剂的实例包括六甲基磷酰胺，吡啶，N，N-二乙基乙酰胺，N，N-二乙基甲酰胺，二甲基亚砜，四甲基脲，N，N-二甲基乙酰胺，N，N-二甲基甲酰胺，磷酸三丁酯，磷酸三甲酯，N，N，N'，N' 四乙基磺酰胺，四亚甲基二胺，四甲基丙二胺和五甲基二亚乙基三胺。这些有助于锂离子的溶剂化。受体溶剂的实例包括醇，二醇和聚二醇。这些有助于溶剂化硫化物和多硫化物阴离子。

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