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21. 发明授权

US08053982B2 Light-emitting diodes with carrier extraction electrodes 有权
标题翻译：具有载体提取电极的发光二极管
公开(公告)号：US08053982B2
公开(公告)日：2011-11-08
申请号：US12243117
申请日：2008-10-01
申请人： Alexandre Bratkovski , Shih-Yuan Wang , Michael Tan , Theodore I. Kamins
发明人： Alexandre Bratkovski , Shih-Yuan Wang , Michael Tan , Theodore I. Kamins
IPC分类号： H01J1/62 , H01L27/15
CPC分类号： H01L33/0037 , H01L33/20 , H01L33/385 , H05B33/0818 , H05B33/0821 , H05B37/0272
摘要： One embodiment of the present invention relates to a light-emitting diode having one or more light-emitting layers, a pair of electrodes disposed on the light-emitting diode so that an operating voltage can be applied to generate light from the one or more light-emitting layers, and at least one external electrode in electronic communication with the one or more light-emitting layers. Applying an appropriate voltage to the at least one external electrodes at about the time the operating voltage is terminated extracts excess electrons from the one or more light-emitting layers and reduces the duration of electron-hole recombination during the time period over which the operating voltage is turned off.
摘要翻译：本发明的一个实施例涉及具有一个或多个发光层的发光二极管，设置在发光二极管上的一对电极，使得可以施加工作电压以产生来自一个或多个光的光以及与所述一个或多个发光层电连通的至少一个外部电极。大约在工作电压终止时将适当的电压施加到至少一个外部电极，从一个或多个发光层提取出多余的电子，并减少在工作电压的时间段内的电子 - 空穴复合的持续时间已关闭

22. 发明授权

US07843026B2 Composite material with conductive structures of random size, shape, orientation, or location 有权
标题翻译：具有随机尺寸，形状，取向或位置的导电结构的复合材料
公开(公告)号：US07843026B2
公开(公告)日：2010-11-30
申请号：US11290685
申请日：2005-11-30
申请人： Shih-Yuan Wang , Alexandre Bratkovski
发明人： Shih-Yuan Wang , Alexandre Bratkovski
IPC分类号： H01L33/58 , H01L31/0232
CPC分类号： G02F1/0063 , B82Y20/00 , G02B1/007 , G02B6/0229 , G02B6/1225 , G02F2202/30 , G02F2202/32 , G02F2202/36 , G02F2203/15 , Y10S977/779 , Y10S977/834
摘要： A composite material with at least one of a negative effective permittivity and a negative effective permeability for incident radiation of at least one wavelength is described. The composite material comprises conductive structures that are substantially random with respect to at least one of size, shape, orientation, and location.
摘要翻译：描述了对于至少一个波长的入射辐射具有负的有效介电常数和负的有效磁导率中的至少一个的复合材料。复合材料包括相对于尺寸，形状，取向和位置中的至少一个基本上是随机的导电结构。

23. 发明申请

US20090208217A1 RADIATION MODULATION BY REFLECTION FROM CONTROLLED COMPOSITE MATERIAL 有权
标题翻译：通过控制复合材料的反射进行辐射调制
公开(公告)号：US20090208217A1
公开(公告)日：2009-08-20
申请号：US11581193
申请日：2006-10-12
申请人： Shih-Yuan Wang , Alexandre Bratkovski
发明人： Shih-Yuan Wang , Alexandre Bratkovski
IPC分类号： H04J14/02 , G02F1/01
CPC分类号： G02F1/31 , G02F2202/42 , G02F2203/15 , G02F2203/585 , H01Q3/44 , H01Q15/0086
摘要： Modulation of electromagnetic radiation is described in which an incident radiation beam is directed toward a surface of a composite material and at least partially reflects to form a reflected radiation beam. The composite material comprises an arrangement of electromagnetically reactive cells of small dimension relative to a wavelength of the incident radiation beam, and exhibits at least one of a negative effective permeability and a negative effective permittivity for at least one frequency. A modulation signal is applied to the composite material to cause a variation in at least one of the effective permeability and the effective permittivity, at least one characteristic of the reflected radiation beam being modulated according to the modulation signal.
摘要翻译：描述了电磁辐射的调制，其中入射辐射束指向复合材料的表面并且至少部分反射以形成反射的辐射束。复合材料包括相对于入射辐射束的波长的小尺寸的电磁反应池的布置，并且对于至少一个频率呈现负的有效磁导率和负的有效介电常数中的至少一个。调制信号被施加到复合材料以引起有效磁导率和有效介电常数中的至少一个的变化，反射辐射束的至少一个特性根据调制信号被调制。

24. 发明申请

US20090190875A1 Optical Modulator Including Electrically Controlled Ring Resonator 有权
标题翻译：包括电子控制环谐振器的光学调制器
公开(公告)号：US20090190875A1
公开(公告)日：2009-07-30
申请号：US12243782
申请日：2008-10-01
申请人： Alexandre Bratkovski , Theodore I. Kamins
发明人： Alexandre Bratkovski , Theodore I. Kamins
IPC分类号： G02F1/035 , H01L33/00
CPC分类号： G02F1/025 , G02F2203/055 , G02F2203/15
摘要： An optical modulator and related methods are described. In accordance with one embodiment, the optical modulator comprises a waveguide for guiding an optical signal, and further comprises a ring resonator disposed in evanescent communication with the waveguide for at least one predetermined wavelength of the optical signal. The optical modulator further comprises a semiconductor pnpn junction structure that is at least partially coextensive with at least a portion of a resonant light path of the ring resonator. The optical modulator is configured such that the semiconductor pnpn junction structure receives an electrical control signal thereacross. The electrical control signal controls a free carrier population in the resonant light path where coextensive with the pnpn junction structure. A resonance condition of the ring resonator at the predetermined wavelength is thereby controlled by the electrical control signal, and the optical signal is thereby modulated according to the electrical control signal.
摘要翻译：描述了光学调制器及相关方法。根据一个实施例，光学调制器包括用于引导光学信号的波导，并且还包括环形谐振器，该环形谐振器设置成与光波导的至少一个预定波长的与波导的渐逝通信。光调制器还包括半导体pnpn结结构，其至少部分地与环形谐振器的谐振光路的至少一部分共同延伸。光调制器被配置为使得半导体pnpn结结构在其上接收电控信号。电控制信号控制共振光路中与pnpn结结构共同延伸的自由载流子。因此，通过电气控制信号控制环形谐振器在预定波长处的谐振状态，并且由此根据电气控制信号调制光信号。

25. 发明授权

US07474456B2 Controllable composite material 有权
标题翻译：可控复合材料
公开(公告)号：US07474456B2
公开(公告)日：2009-01-06
申请号：US11700297
申请日：2007-01-30
申请人： Shih-Yuan Wang , Alexandre Bratkovski
发明人： Shih-Yuan Wang , Alexandre Bratkovski
IPC分类号： G02B26/08 , G02F1/29
CPC分类号： G02F1/01 , B82Y20/00 , G02B1/007 , G02F2202/30
摘要： An apparatus and related methods for controlling propagation of incident radiation are described. In one embodiment, the apparatus comprises a composite material operable to exhibit at least one of a negative effective permittivity and a negative effective permeability for incident radiation at an operating frequency. The composite material comprises electromagnetically reactive cells of small dimension relative to a wavelength of the incident radiation. Each of the electromagnetically reactive cells comprises first and second electromagnetically reactive segments microelectromechanically movable relative to each other according to an applied control signal such that at least one of a capacitive and inductive property of the electromagnetically reactive cells is temporally controllable according to the applied control signal.
摘要翻译：描述了用于控制入射辐射传播的装置和相关方法。在一个实施例中，该装置包括可操作以在工作频率处呈现出对于入射辐射的负有效介电常数和负有效磁导率中的至少一个的复合材料。复合材料包括相对于入射辐射的波长小尺寸的电磁反应性电池。每个电磁反应池包括根据所施加的控制信号相对于彼此微电子机械可移动的第一和第二电磁反应段，使得电磁反应室的电容和电感特性中的至少一个根据施加的控制信号在时间上是可控的。

26. 发明申请

US20080192331A1 Controllable composite material 有权
标题翻译：可控复合材料
公开(公告)号：US20080192331A1
公开(公告)日：2008-08-14
申请号：US11700297
申请日：2007-01-30
申请人： Shih-Yuan Wang , Alexandre Bratkovski
发明人： Shih-Yuan Wang , Alexandre Bratkovski
IPC分类号： G02F1/29
CPC分类号： G02F1/01 , B82Y20/00 , G02B1/007 , G02F2202/30
摘要： An apparatus and related methods for controlling propagation of incident radiation are described. In one embodiment, the apparatus comprises a composite material operable to exhibit at least one of a negative effective permittivity and a negative effective permeability for incident radiation at an operating frequency. The composite material comprises electromagnetically reactive cells of small dimension relative to a wavelength of the incident radiation. Each of the electromagnetically reactive cells comprises first and second electromagnetically reactive segments microelectromechanically movable relative to each other according to an applied control signal such that at least one of a capacitive and inductive property of the electromagnetically reactive cells is temporally controllable according to the applied control signal.
摘要翻译：描述了用于控制入射辐射传播的装置和相关方法。在一个实施例中，该装置包括可操作以在工作频率处呈现出对于入射辐射的负有效介电常数和负有效磁导率中的至少一个的复合材料。复合材料包括相对于入射辐射的波长小尺寸的电磁反应性电池。每个电磁反应池包括根据所施加的控制信号相对于彼此微电子机械可移动的第一和第二电磁反应段，使得电磁反应室的电容和电感特性中的至少一个根据施加的控制信号在时间上是可控的。

27. 发明申请

US20070252979A1 BINARY ARRAYS OF NANOPARTICLES FOR NANO-ENHANCED RAMAN SCATTERING MOLECULAR SENSORS 有权
标题翻译：纳米增强纳米增强拉曼散射分子传感器的二元阵列
公开(公告)号：US20070252979A1
公开(公告)日：2007-11-01
申请号：US11090352
申请日：2005-03-25
申请人： Alexandre Bratkovski , Theodore Kamins
发明人： Alexandre Bratkovski , Theodore Kamins
IPC分类号： G01J3/44 , G01N21/65
CPC分类号： G01N21/658
摘要： A nano-enhanced Raman scattering (NERS)-active structure includes a substrate, a monolayer of nanoparticles disposed on a surface of the substrate, and a spacer material surrounding each nanoparticle in the monolayer of nanoparticles. The monolayer of nanoparticles includes a first plurality of nanoparticles and a second plurality of nanoparticles. The nanoparticles of the second plurality are interspersed among the first plurality and exhibit a plasmon frequency that differs from any plasmon frequency exhibited by the first plurality. Also described are a method for forming such a NERS-active structure and a NERS system that includes a NERS-active structure, an excitation radiation source, and a detector for detecting Raman scattered radiation.
摘要翻译：纳米增强拉曼散射（NERS）活性结构包括底物，设置在基底表面上的单层纳米颗粒，以及围绕纳米颗粒单层中的每个纳米颗粒的间隔物。纳米颗粒的单层包括第一多个纳米颗粒和第二多个纳米颗粒。第二多个纳米颗粒散布在第一多个中，并且表现出与第一多个表现出的任何等离子体频率不同的等离子体激元频率。还描述了形成这样的NERS-活性结构的方法和包括NERS-活性结构，激发辐射源和用于检测拉曼散射辐射的检测器的NERS系统。

28. 发明申请

US20070115540A1 Method and apparatus for electromagnetic resonance and amplification using negative index material 有权
标题翻译：使用负指数材料进行电磁共振和放大的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US20070115540A1
公开(公告)日：2007-05-24
申请号：US11590410
申请日：2006-10-31
申请人： Alexandre Bratkovski , Raymond Beausoleil , Shih-Yuan Wang
发明人： Alexandre Bratkovski , Raymond Beausoleil , Shih-Yuan Wang
IPC分类号： H01S3/00 , G02B6/42 , G02B6/26
CPC分类号： H01S3/08 , B82Y20/00 , G02B1/005 , G02B1/007
摘要： An electromagnetic resonance device includes an input reflector, an output reflector, and a negative index material (NIM) disposed between the input reflector and the output reflector. The input reflector and output reflector are configured to be reflective to radiation having a wavelength of interest. The NIM is configured to have a negative refraction at the wavelength of interest. A first radiation is reflected by the input reflector toward the first surface of the NIM, passes through the NIM, and is focused on the output reflector as a second radiation. The second radiation is reflected by the output reflector toward the second surface of the NIM, passes through the NIM, and is focused on the input reflector as the first radiation. A gain medium may be included to amplify the first radiation and the second radiation to generate a laser radiation.
摘要翻译：电磁共振装置包括设置在输入反射器和输出反射器之间的输入反射器，输出反射器和负指数材料（NIM）。输入反射器和输出反射器被配置为反射具有感兴趣波长的辐射。 NIM被配置为在感兴趣的波长处具有负折射。第一辐射由输入反射器朝向NIM的第一表面反射，穿过NIM，并且作为第二辐射聚焦在输出反射器上。第二辐射由输出反射器朝向NIM的第二表面反射，穿过NIM，并且作为第一辐射聚焦在输入反射器上。可以包括增益介质以放大第一辐射和第二辐射以产生激光辐射。

29. 发明申请

US20070109023A1 Distributing clock signals using metamaterial-based waveguides 有权
标题翻译：使用基于超材料的波导分配时钟信号
公开(公告)号：US20070109023A1
公开(公告)日：2007-05-17
申请号：US11264410
申请日：2005-11-01
申请人： Raymond Beausoliel , Alexandre Bratkovski
发明人： Raymond Beausoliel , Alexandre Bratkovski
IPC分类号： H03K19/00
CPC分类号： G06F1/10 , H01P3/00
摘要： Various embodiments of the present invention are directed to global interconnects that employ metamaterial-based waveguides to distribute clock signals to IC internal components. In one embodiment of the present invention, a global interconnect includes an electromagnetic radiation source that radiates electromagnetic waves. The global interconnect also includes a metamaterial-based waveguide that directs a transverse magnetic field mode of the electromagnetic wave to antennae of the internal components in order to induce an oscillating current within the internal components that serves as the clock signal.
摘要翻译：本发明的各种实施例涉及使用基于超材料的波导将时钟信号分配给IC内部组件的全局互连。在本发明的一个实施例中，全局互连包括辐射电磁波的电磁辐射源。全局互连还包括基于超材料的波导，其将电磁波的横向磁场模式引导到内部组件的天线，以便在用作时钟信号的内部组件内引起振荡电流。

30. 发明申请

US20060257067A1 Photonic crystal system and method of controlling/detecting direction of radiation propagation using photonic crystal system 有权
标题翻译：光子晶体系统和使用光子晶体系统控制/检测辐射传播方向的方法
公开(公告)号：US20060257067A1
公开(公告)日：2006-11-16
申请号：US11125135
申请日：2005-05-10
申请人： Alexandre Bratkovski , Shih Wang
发明人： Alexandre Bratkovski , Shih Wang
IPC分类号： G02B6/00
CPC分类号： G02F1/31 , B82Y20/00 , G01K5/48 , G02B6/1225 , G02B6/351 , G02B6/3534 , G02B6/3568 , G02B6/3576 , G02B6/3578 , G02F2202/30 , G02F2202/32
摘要： A photonic crystal system and a method for controlling the direction of radiation propagation are disclosed. The photonic crystal system includes a photonic crystal and a deformation source positioned to deform the photonic crystal. The photonic crystal system optionally includes a radiation source that emits radiation at a frequency within a frequency range over which the photonic crystal exhibits a negative index of refraction.
摘要翻译：公开了一种光子晶体系统和用于控制辐射传播方向的方法。光子晶体系统包括光子晶体和定位成使光子晶体变形的变形源。光子晶体系统可选地包括辐射源，其以在光子晶体呈现负折射率的频率范围内的频率发射辐射。

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