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21. 发明授权

US07901817B2 System for flexible in situ control of water in fuel cells 有权
标题翻译：燃料电池中水的灵活原位控制系统
公开(公告)号：US07901817B2
公开(公告)日：2011-03-08
申请号：US11354259
申请日：2006-02-14
申请人： Larry J. Markoski , Dilip Natarajan , Alex Primak
发明人： Larry J. Markoski , Dilip Natarajan , Alex Primak
IPC分类号： H01M8/02 , H01M4/94
CPC分类号： H01M8/04156 , H01M8/08
摘要： An electrochemical cell includes an anode, a cathode including a gas diffusion electrode and having first and second surfaces, an inlet for gaseous oxidant that is in contact with the first surface of the cathode, and a liquid electrolyte. Water generated at the cathode may be transported by osmosis into the liquid electrolyte. The fuel cell may produce a current density of 200 mA/cm2 without cathode flooding.
摘要翻译：电化学电池包括阳极，包括气体扩散电极的阴极，具有第一和第二表面，与阴极的第一表面接触的气态氧化剂的入口和液体电解质。在阴极产生的水可以通过渗透输送到液体电解质中。燃料电池可以产生200mA / cm 2的电流密度而不进行阴极驱动。

22. 发明申请

US20110008713A1 ELECTROCHEMICAL CELLS 有权
标题翻译：电化学细胞
公开(公告)号：US20110008713A1
公开(公告)日：2011-01-13
申请号：US12813432
申请日：2010-06-10
申请人： Larry J. Markoski , Dilip Natarajan , Alex Primak
发明人： Larry J. Markoski , Dilip Natarajan , Alex Primak
IPC分类号： H01M8/04
CPC分类号： H01M2/14 , H01M8/023 , H01M8/0247 , H01M8/026 , H01M8/04082 , H01M8/08 , H01M8/1007 , H01M8/1011 , Y02E60/523
摘要： An electrochemical cell comprises a first electrode, a second electrode, a porous separator, between the first and second electrodes, a first channel, having an inlet and an outlet, and a second channel, having an inlet and an outlet. The first channel is contiguous with the first electrode and the porous separator, and the second channel is contiguous with the second electrode and the porous separator.
摘要翻译：电化学电池包括在第一和第二电极之间的第一电极，第二电极，多孔分离器，具有入口和出口的第一通道和具有入口和出口的第二通道。第一通道与第一电极和多孔分离器相邻，并且第二通道与第二电极和多孔分离器邻接。

23. 发明授权

US07205064B2 Emulsions for fuel cells 失效
标题翻译：燃料电池的乳液
公开(公告)号：US07205064B2
公开(公告)日：2007-04-17
申请号：US10608815
申请日：2003-06-27
申请人： Larry J. Markoski , Piotr Waszczuk , Paul J. A. Kenis , Eric R. Choban
发明人： Larry J. Markoski , Piotr Waszczuk , Paul J. A. Kenis , Eric R. Choban
IPC分类号： H01M8/08
CPC分类号： H01M8/08 , H01M8/04029 , H01M8/04186 , H01M8/04197
摘要： A method for transporting a gas to an electrode in a fuel cell is provided, whereby the gas is dissolved in an emulsion comprising a fluorinated hydrocarbon, a surfactant and an aqueous electrolyte with a pH of at most 4 or at least 9, and the emulsion is contacted with the electrode.
摘要翻译：提供将气体输送到燃料电池中的电极的方法，由此将气体溶解在包含氟化烃，表面活性剂和pH至多为4或至少为9的水性电解质的乳液中，并且乳液与电极接触。

24. 发明授权

US06264893B1 Method and apparatus for developing thin layer chromatography plates for maximizing mobile phase conditions in column chromatography 失效
标题翻译：用于开发薄层色谱板的方法和装置，用于使柱色谱中的流动相条件最大化
公开(公告)号：US06264893B1
公开(公告)日：2001-07-24
申请号：US09290215
申请日：1999-04-13
申请人： Larry J. Markoski
发明人： Larry J. Markoski
IPC分类号： G01N3090
CPC分类号： G01N30/94 , G01N30/466
摘要： An apparatus for conducting multiple thin layer chromatographic processes including an array of receptacles, each receivable of chromatographic fluid, a support structure for supporting the receptacles, and a retaining unit for retaining thin layer chromatographic plates while enabling each plate to be inserted into and removed from a respective receptacle. In use, one or more samples of interest are spotted onto multiple thin layer chromatography plates, the chromatography receptacles are filled with a suitable amount of a chromatography solvent, the plates are inserted into respective chambers to begin the chromatography process and the processes are allowed to continue for a sufficient time period for sample separation to occur. Any separated samples are readily visualized and detected.
摘要翻译：一种用于进行多个薄层色谱法的装置，包括一系列容器，每个容纳色谱流体，一个用于支撑容器的支撑结构，以及用于保持薄层色谱板的保持单元，同时使每个板被插入和移出相应的容器。在使用中，将一个或多个感兴趣的样品点样到多个薄层色谱板上，色谱柱容器用适量的色谱溶剂填充，将板插入相应的室中以开始色谱法处理，持续足够的时间进行样品分离。任何分离的样品都容易显现和检测。

25. 发明授权

US08783304B2 Liquid containers and apparatus for use with power producing devices 失效
标题翻译：用于发电装置的液体容器和装置
公开(公告)号：US08783304B2
公开(公告)日：2014-07-22
申请号：US13298084
申请日：2011-11-16
申请人： Larry J. Markoski , Timothy C. Simmons
发明人： Larry J. Markoski , Timothy C. Simmons
IPC分类号： H01M2/36
CPC分类号： H01M8/04186 , H01M8/04201 , H01M8/04208 , H01M8/22
摘要： A fuel reservoir for dispensing liquid fuel with a dispensing appliance includes a container having an opening, a liquid fuel in the container, a needle-pierceable septum disposed across the opening of the container, and a locking surface disposed on an exterior surface of the container and configured to engage a locking mechanism of a dispensing appliance.
摘要翻译：用于分配液体燃料与分配器具的燃料储存器包括具有开口的容器，容器中的液体燃料，横跨容器开口设置的可针刺的隔膜，以及设置在容器的外表面上的锁定表面并且构造成接合分配器具的锁定机构。

26. 发明授权

US08551667B2 Hydrogel barrier for fuel cells 失效
标题翻译：燃料电池的水凝胶屏障
公开(公告)号：US08551667B2
公开(公告)日：2013-10-08
申请号：US12105071
申请日：2008-04-17
申请人： Larry J. Markoski , Dilip Natarajan , Alex Primak
发明人： Larry J. Markoski , Dilip Natarajan , Alex Primak
IPC分类号： H01M8/04 , H01M8/08
CPC分类号： H01M8/04156 , H01B1/122 , H01M4/8657 , H01M8/04186 , H01M8/1011 , Y02E60/523
摘要： A fuel cell includes an anode including an anode catalyst, a cathode, a channel that is contiguous with the anode, and a liquid electrolyte in the channel. The cathode includes a gas diffusion electrode, a cathode catalyst on the gas diffusion electrode, and a hydrogel on the cathode catalyst. The hydrogel is between the anode and the cathode, and includes an aqueous liquid and a polymer. The polymer has an acid capacity less than 0.8 meq/g and/or has no sulfonic acid groups covalently bound to the polymer. A method of generating electricity includes flowing a liquid electrolyte through the channel, oxidizing a fuel at the anode, and reducing a gaseous oxidant at the cathode.
摘要翻译：燃料电池包括阳极，阳极包括阳极催化剂，阴极，与阳极邻接的通道，以及通道中的液体电解质。阴极包括气体扩散电极，气体扩散电极上的阴极催化剂和阴极催化剂上的水凝胶。水凝胶位于阳极和阴极之间，并包含水性液体和聚合物。聚合物的酸容量小于0.8meq / g，和/或不具有与聚合物共价结合的磺酸基团。发电的方法包括使液体电解液流过通道，氧化阳极处的燃料，还原阴极处的气态氧化剂。

27. 发明申请

US20130221684A1 METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR EFFICIENT FUEL CONSUMPTION 有权
公开(公告)号：US20130221684A1
公开(公告)日：2013-08-29
申请号：US13408903
申请日：2012-02-29
申请人： Larry J. Markoski
发明人： Larry J. Markoski
IPC分类号： H02P9/04 , H02J7/32
CPC分类号： H02J7/32 , B60L11/1838 , F02B63/04 , H02J7/0013 , H02J7/0031 , H02J7/0052 , H02J7/0068 , H02J7/041 , H02J7/1446 , H02P9/04 , Y02T10/7005 , Y02T10/7011 , Y02T10/7072 , Y02T10/92 , Y02T90/121 , Y02T90/128 , Y02T90/14 , Y02T90/16 , Y02T90/163
摘要： A method for efficient fuel consumption comprises recharging batteries or operating a device carrying out a task, with an engine through an electrical connection. The method also includes monitoring at least one of (i) current in the electrical connection, (ii) voltage of the batteries, and (iii) length of time of the recharging or task, to determine if the recharging has reach a preselected endpoint or the task has been completed. The method further includes generating a signal through a communication link to cause the engine to stop operating by: (a) preventing operation of a spark plug, (b) preventing delivery of fuel to the engine, or (c) preventing delivery of oxygen to the engine.

28. 发明申请

US20130017467A1 LIQUID CONTAINERS AND APPARATUS FOR USE WITH POWER PRODUCING DEVICES 失效
标题翻译：液体容器和与发电装置一起使用的装置
公开(公告)号：US20130017467A1
公开(公告)日：2013-01-17
申请号：US13298084
申请日：2011-11-16
申请人： Larry J. Markoski , Timothy C. Simmons
发明人： Larry J. Markoski , Timothy C. Simmons
IPC分类号： H01M8/04 , H01M8/22
CPC分类号： H01M8/04186 , H01M8/04201 , H01M8/04208 , H01M8/22
摘要： A fuel reservoir for dispensing liquid fuel with a dispensing appliance includes a container having an opening, a liquid fuel in the container, a needle-pierceable septum disposed across the opening of the container, and a locking surface disposed on an exterior surface of the container and configured to engage a locking mechanism of a dispensing appliance.
摘要翻译：用于分配液体燃料与分配器具的燃料储存器包括具有开口的容器，容器中的液体燃料，横跨容器开口设置的可针刺的隔膜，以及设置在容器的外表面上的锁定表面并且构造成接合分配器具的锁定机构。

29. 发明授权

US08119305B2 Electrochemical cells 有权
标题翻译：电化学电池
公开(公告)号：US08119305B2
公开(公告)日：2012-02-21
申请号：US12813432
申请日：2010-06-10
申请人： Larry J. Markoski , Dilip Natarajan , Alex Primak
发明人： Larry J. Markoski , Dilip Natarajan , Alex Primak
IPC分类号： H01M8/04 , H01M8/08
CPC分类号： H01M2/14 , H01M8/023 , H01M8/0247 , H01M8/026 , H01M8/04082 , H01M8/08 , H01M8/1007 , H01M8/1011 , Y02E60/523
摘要： An electrochemical cell comprises a first electrode, a second electrode, a porous separator, between the first and second electrodes, a first channel, having an inlet and an outlet, and a second channel, having an inlet and an outlet. The first channel is contiguous with the first electrode and the porous separator, and the second channel is contiguous with the second electrode and the porous separator.
摘要翻译：电化学电池包括在第一和第二电极之间的第一电极，第二电极，多孔分离器，具有入口和出口的第一通道和具有入口和出口的第二通道。第一通道与第一电极和多孔分离器相邻，并且第二通道与第二电极和多孔分离器邻接。

30. 发明申请

US20080070083A1 PERMSELECTIVE COMPOSITE MEMBRANE FOR ELECTROCHEMICAL CELLS 有权
标题翻译：电化学电池的选择性复合膜
公开(公告)号：US20080070083A1
公开(公告)日：2008-03-20
申请号：US11533210
申请日：2006-09-19
申请人： Larry J. Markoski , Dilip Natarajan , Alex Primak
发明人： Larry J. Markoski , Dilip Natarajan , Alex Primak
IPC分类号： H01M8/10 , H01M4/94 , H01M8/02 , H01M4/88
CPC分类号： H01M8/04186 , H01M4/8807 , H01M4/881 , H01M4/8839 , H01M4/8882 , H01M4/8896 , H01M8/1011 , H01M8/1013 , H01M2004/8689 , Y02E60/522 , Y02E60/523
摘要： An electrochemical cell includes an anode including an anode catalyst, a cathode including a cathode catalyst, and a first set of proton-conducting metal nanoparticles between the anode and the cathode, such that the first set of proton-conducting metal nanoparticles is not in contact with the anode. The cathode may be a cathode assembly including a gas diffusion electrode, a cathode catalyst on the gas diffusion electrode, and proton-conducting metal nanoparticles on the cathode catalyst.
摘要翻译：电化学电池包括阳极，其包括阳极催化剂，包括阴极催化剂的阴极和在阳极和阴极之间的第一组质子传导金属纳米颗粒，使得第一组质子传导金属纳米颗粒不接触与阳极。阴极可以是包括气体扩散电极，气体扩散电极上的阴极催化剂和阴极催化剂上的质子传导金属纳米颗粒的阴极组件。

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