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    • 13. 发明授权
    • Turbulence detector for non-coherent pulse radar
    • 用于非相干脉冲雷达的湍流探测器
    • US4223309A
    • 1980-09-16
    • US945729
    • 1978-09-25
    • Delmar V. Payne
    • Delmar V. Payne
    • G01S7/292G01S13/95G01S7/30G01S9/60
    • G01S13/953G01S7/2923
    • Information about air turbulence and wind shear can be obtained by analyzing the fluctuation of the envelope, at the detector output of a pulse radar, of backscatter from hydrometeors which trace the wind field. Further, under some conditions, radar returns can be identified as being backscatter from weather targets or from the ground or sea. The detector output signal is quantized into one of several class intervals whose boundaries, in mid-range, are in the same ratio. Consecutive radar returns from scatterers at the same nominal range and scan angle are quantized into either the same or different class intervals. The ratio of the number of consecutive quantizations that are different to the number of trials is a measure of the variance of relative velocities at that range and scan angle. This technique permits economical implementation of a plan position display of, for example, the expected severity of turbulence or wind shear at each increment of range and azimuth angle since duplication of circuits is not required.
    • 关于空气湍流和风切变的信息可以通过分析在脉冲雷达的检测器输出处的跟踪风场的水力计的后向散射的包络的波动来获得。 此外,在某些情况下,雷达回报可以被识别为从天气目标或地面或海域反向散射。 检测器输出信号被量化为几个等级间隔之一,其中间范围内的边界具有相同的比例。 来自相同标称范围和扫描角度的散射体的连续雷达返回量化为相同或不同的等级间隔。 与试验次数不同的连续量化的比例是在该范围和扫描角度下的相对速度的方差的度量。 这种技术允许在不需要电路复制的情况下,经济地执行例如在范围和方位角的每个增量处的湍流或风切变的预期严重性的平面位置显示。
    • 14. 发明授权
    • Polar to rectangular coordinate converter
    • 极坐标到直角坐标转换器
    • US4106021A
    • 1978-08-08
    • US812363
    • 1977-07-01
    • Kazuo Katagi
    • Kazuo Katagi
    • G01S7/295G06F1/03G01S7/44G01S9/60
    • G06F1/03G01S7/295G06F2101/06
    • A memory for a coordinate converter stores, for each azimuth at which information from an information source may be received in a polar coordinate system, the incremental X and Y coordinate values, .DELTA.X and .DELTA.Y, for an incremental change in range along the azimuth. For each azimuth these incremental coordinate values .DELTA.X and .DELTA.Y are retrieved from memory and entered into summing devices which are incremented respectively by .DELTA.X and .DELTA.Y for each increment of range. The integers of the values of the summing devices represent X and Y coordinate values in a rectangular coordinate system and may be utilized to address an information reception device such as a random access memory.
    • 用于坐标转换器的存储器对于在极坐标系中可以接收来自信息源的信息的每个方位存储沿着方位角的范围的增量变化的增量X和Y坐标值DELTA X和DELTA Y 。 对于每个方位角,这些增量坐标值DELTA X和DELTA Y从存储器中检索并输入到每个增量范围分别递增DELTA X和DELTA Y的求和装置。 求和装置的值的整数表示直角坐标系中的X和Y坐标值,并且可以用于寻址诸如随机存取存储器的信息接收装置。
    • 15. 发明授权
    • Stepped dual-frequency, ocean-wave spectrometer
    • 分步双频,海波光谱仪
    • US4053886A
    • 1977-10-11
    • US743374
    • 1976-11-19
    • John W. WrightWilliam J. PlantDale L. Schuler
    • John W. WrightWilliam J. PlantDale L. Schuler
    • G01S7/41G01S13/95G01S9/60
    • G01S13/951G01S7/415
    • A coherent stepped dual-frequency, ocean-wave, spectrometer radar system for measuring the characteristics of ocean-surface gravity waves includes: a transmitter for transmitting in successive steps coherently related pairs of frequencies having different, small, and known frequency separations; a coherent receiver for receiving and separating the radar returns of the stepped pairs of frequencies, a frequency-shifter for offsetting the doppler spectrum of each radar return, a multiplier for multiplying together the two frequencies of each pair for each step to obtain a Bragg resonance condition for each step; and a plurality of stepped detectors each for detecting a different step of said multiplier output.
    • 用于测量海洋表面重力波特征的相干阶跃式双频海波光谱雷达系统包括:发射机,用于连续地发射具有不同,小和已知频率间隔的相干相关频率对; 用于接收和分离阶梯式对频的雷达回波的相干接收机,用于抵消每个雷达回波的多普勒频谱的移频器,用于将每一对的两个频率相乘的乘法器,以获得布拉格共振 每一步的条件; 以及多个步进式检测器,用于检测所述乘法器输出的不同步骤。
    • 16. 发明授权
    • Signal modification techniques
    • 信号修改技术
    • US4023165A
    • 1977-05-10
    • US583186
    • 1975-06-02
    • Robert Alan HoltKenneth Charles Adam
    • Robert Alan HoltKenneth Charles Adam
    • G01S7/10G01S13/95G09G5/42G01S9/60G06F3/14
    • G01S13/953G01S7/10G09G5/42
    • Signals producing each spot in a digital two-dimensional spot matrix display, such as in a digital weather radar, are compared on a spot-by-spot basis with signals for immediately proceeding and following spots in each dimension. When the preceding and following spots have the same value, the spot being compared is caused to have that same value when displayed. The comparing circuitry may be provided signals from a radar antenna which receives, serially, signals at succeeding range points at a given azimuth and then at the same range points at succeeding azimuths. Signals at each given range at a plurality of succeeding azimuths may be averaged to produce an improved visual display. The compared signals may be further smoothed by averaging signals for succeeding azimuths and displaying the averaged signals alternating with the unaveraged signals.
    • 在数字二维点阵显示中产生每个点的信号,例如在数字气象雷达中,逐点地与每个维度中立即进行的信号和跟随点进行比较。 当前面和后面的点具有相同的值时,当被显示时,使被比较的斑点具有相同的值。 比较电路可以是来自雷达天线的信号,该雷达天线在给定的方位角,然后在相继的方位点的相同的范围内,在后续的距离点处串行地接收信号。 在多个后续方位角处的每个给定范围处的信号可以被平均以产生改进的视觉显示。 可以通过平均用于后续方位角的信号并且显示与未平铺信号交替的平均信号来进一步平滑比较的信号。