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    • 13. 发明授权
    • Photoimageable, aqueous acid soluble polyimide polymers
    • 可光成像,含水酸溶性聚酰亚胺聚合物
    • US06379865B1
    • 2002-04-30
    • US09547390
    • 2000-04-11
    • Guoping MaoHany B. EitouniAlphonsus V. PociusJohn B. ScheibnerNanayakkara L. D. SomasiriNicholas A. StaceyAlfred Viehbeck
    • Guoping MaoHany B. EitouniAlphonsus V. PociusJohn B. ScheibnerNanayakkara L. D. SomasiriNicholas A. StaceyAlfred Viehbeck
    • G03F709
    • C08G73/1007C08G73/1025G03F7/0387G03F7/164H05K3/287H05K2203/135Y10S430/136
    • A photoimageable, aqueous acid soluble polyimide polymer comprising an anhydride, including a substituted benzophenone nucleus, a diamine reacted with the anhydride to form a photosensitive polymer intermediate, and at least 60 Mole % of solubilizing amine reacted with the photosensitive polymer intermediate to form the photoimageable, aqueous acid soluble polyimide polymer. An emulsion for electrophoretic deposition of a coating of a photoimageable, aqueous acid soluble polyimide polymer comprises a dispersed phase, including the photoimageable aqueous acid soluble polyimide polymer, dissolved in an organic solvent and a dispersion phase including a coalescence promoter and water. The emulsion may be applied, by electrophoretic deposition, to a conductive structure to provide a photoimageable coating on the conductive structure. After exposing the coating to a pattern of radiation for photocrosslinking exposed parts of the photoimageable aqueous acid soluble polyimide polymer, an aqueous acid developer solution removes unexposed photoimageable aqueous acid soluble polyimide polymer to reveal a crosslinked polyimide polymer image of the radiation pattern.
    • 包含酸酐的可光成像的含水酸性聚酰亚胺聚合物,包括取代的二苯甲酮核,与酸酐反应形成光敏聚合物中间体的二胺和至少60摩尔的增溶胺与感光性聚合物中间体反应形成可光成像 ,水溶性聚酰亚胺聚合物水溶液。 用于电泳沉积可光成像的含水酸性聚酰亚胺聚合物涂层的乳液包括溶解在有机溶剂中的分散相,包括可光成像的含水溶性聚酰亚胺聚合物,以及包含聚结促进剂和水的分散相。 可以通过电泳沉积将乳液施加到导电结构上,以在导电结构上提供可光成像的涂层。 在将涂层暴露于辐照图案之后,将可光成像的含水溶性聚酰亚胺聚合物的曝光部分光致交联,酸性显影剂水溶液除去未曝光的可光成像的酸性水溶性聚酰亚胺聚合物,以露出辐射图案的交联聚酰亚胺聚合物图像。
    • 18. 发明授权
    • Supported nanoparticle catalyst
    • 负载纳米粒子催化剂
    • US06686308B2
    • 2004-02-03
    • US10005524
    • 2001-12-03
    • Shane Shanhong MaoGuoping Mao
    • Shane Shanhong MaoGuoping Mao
    • B01J2118
    • H01M4/92B01J21/18B01J23/42B01J23/462B01J35/0013B01J37/0203B01J37/0211B01J37/031H01M4/926H01M8/1004H01M2008/1095Y02P70/56
    • A supported catalyst is provided comprising catalyst metal nanoparticles having an average particle size of 3.0 nm or less, or more typically 2.0 nm or less, and typically having a standard deviation of particle size of 0.5 nm or less, which are supported on support particles at a loading of 30% or more. Typical catalyst metals are selected from platinum, palladium, ruthenium, rhodium, iridium, osmium, molybdenum, tungsten, iron, nickel and tin. Typical support particles are carbon. A method of making a supported catalyst is provided comprising the steps of: a) providing a solution of metal chlorides of one or more catalyst metals in solvent system containing at least one polyalcohol, typically ethylene glycol containing less than 2% water; b) forming a colloidal suspension of unprotected catalyst metal nanoparticles by raising the pH of the solution, typically to a pH of 10 or higher, and heating said solution, typically to 125 ° C. or higher; c) adding support particles to the colloidal suspension; and d) depositing the unprotected catalyst metal nanoparticles on the support particles by lowering the pH of said suspension, typically to a pH of 6.5 or lower.
    • 提供了一种负载型催化剂,其包含平均粒径为3.0nm以下,更通常为2.0nm以下的催化剂金属纳米颗粒,通常具有0.5nm以下的粒径的标准偏差,负载在载体颗粒上 装载30%以上。 典型的催化剂金属选自铂,钯,钌,铑,铱,锇,钼,钨,铁,镍和锡。 典型的载体颗粒是碳。 提供一种制备负载型催化剂的方法,包括以下步骤:a)在含有至少一种多元醇(通常含有少于2%水的乙二醇)的溶剂体系中提供一种或多种催化剂金属的金属氯化物溶液; b)通过将溶液的pH提高至10或更高的pH而形成未保护的催化剂金属纳米颗粒的胶态悬浮液,并将所述溶液加热至125℃或更高; c)将胶体悬浮液中的载体颗粒加入; 和d)通过降低所述悬浮液的pH,将未保护的催化剂金属纳米颗粒沉积在载体颗粒上,通常达到6.5或更低的pH。