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11. 发明授权

US07149278B2 Method and system of dynamically controlling shaping time of a photon counting energy-sensitive radiation detector to accommodate variations in incident radiation flux levels 有权
标题翻译：动态控制光子计数能量敏感辐射探测器的成形时间以适应入射辐射通量水平的变化的方法和系统
公开(公告)号：US07149278B2
公开(公告)日：2006-12-12
申请号：US10711329
申请日：2004-09-10
申请人： Jerome Arenson , David M. Hoffman
发明人： Jerome Arenson , David M. Hoffman
IPC分类号： H05G1/26
CPC分类号： G01T1/17 , A61B6/4241 , G01T1/1647 , G01T1/2985
摘要： A method and system of counting and tagging radiation energy received by a radiation detector is presented. The method and system are designed to dynamically control the sampling window or shaping time characteristics of a photon counting detector to accommodate variations of flux experienced by the detector so as to preserve optimum detector performance and prevent saturation during high flux conditions.
摘要翻译：提出了一种对辐射检测器接收的辐射能进行计数和标记的方法和系统。该方法和系统被设计为动态地控制光子计数检测器的采样窗口或成形时间特性，以适应检测器所经受的通量的变化，从而保持最佳检测器性能并防止高通量条件下的饱和。

12. 发明授权

US07010083B2 Collimator assembly having multi-piece components 失效
标题翻译：具有多片组件的准直器组件
公开(公告)号：US07010083B2
公开(公告)日：2006-03-07
申请号：US10907886
申请日：2005-04-19
申请人： David M. Hoffman
发明人： David M. Hoffman
IPC分类号： A61B6/00
CPC分类号： G01T1/1648 , A61B6/032 , A61B6/06 , A61B6/4233 , G01N23/046 , G01N2223/419 , G01N2223/612 , G21K1/025
摘要： The present invention is directed to a collimator assembly defined by a series of multi-piece collimator elements or plates that extend along at least one dimension of a scintillator pack. Each collimator element has a collimating component and a shielding component that are structurally independent from one another. The collimating components may be connected to the shielding components or separated by a small air gap. The shielding components are wider than the collimating components but the collimating components have a greater height. With this construction, the collimator assembly optimizes collimation and shielding with lower material requirements and reduced overall size.
摘要翻译：本发明涉及由沿着闪烁体组件的至少一个维度延伸的一系列多片准直器元件或板限定的准直器组件。每个准直器元件具有在结构上彼此独立的准直部件和屏蔽部件。准直部件可以连接到屏蔽部件或由小的气隙隔开。屏蔽部件比准直部件宽，但是准直部件具有更大的高度。通过这种结构，准直器组件可以以较低的材料要求和总体尺寸来优化准直和屏蔽。

13. 发明授权

US06904304B2 CT detector reflector useful in detector scintillator array 失效
标题翻译： CT检测器反射器可用于检测器闪烁体阵列
公开(公告)号：US06904304B2
公开(公告)日：2005-06-07
申请号：US10136143
申请日：2002-05-01
申请人： David M. Hoffman
发明人： David M. Hoffman
IPC分类号： A61B6/03 , G01T1/20 , A61B5/05 , G01F23/00
CPC分类号： G01T1/2002
摘要： A method for making a detector array comprising a photosensor and scintillators, including placing a thermoplastically encased reflective film between scintillators of a scintillator array and optically coupling the scintillators with the photosensor.
摘要翻译：一种用于制造包括光电传感器和闪烁体的检测器阵列的方法，包括在闪烁体阵列的闪烁体之间放置热塑性包封的反射膜并将闪烁体与光电传感器光学耦合。

14. 发明授权

US06775348B2 Fiber optic scintillator with optical gain for a computed tomography system and method of manufacturing same 失效
标题翻译：用于计算机断层摄影系统的具有光学增益的光纤闪烁体及其制造方法
公开(公告)号：US06775348B2
公开(公告)日：2004-08-10
申请号：US09683888
申请日：2002-02-27
申请人： David M. Hoffman
发明人： David M. Hoffman
IPC分类号： G21K112
CPC分类号： A61B6/5205 , A61B6/032 , G01T1/2985
摘要： The present invention provides a detector for a CT system. The detector includes a scintillator with built-in gain for receiving and converting high frequency electromagnetic energy to light. Each scintillator is formed of a scintillating material and an optically stimulated material. The components may be intermixed with one another to form a single composite structure or formed into layers to form a single layered structure. The scintillator may be incorporated into the detector array of any CT system including medical diagnostic systems and package/baggage inspection systems.
摘要翻译：本发明提供了一种用于CT系统的检测器。检测器包括具有内置增益的闪烁器，用于接收高频电磁能并将其转换成光。每个闪烁体由闪烁材料和光学刺激材料形成。组分可以彼此混合以形成单一复合结构或形成层以形成单层结构。闪烁体可以并入包括医疗诊断系统和包装/行李检查系统的任何CT系统的检测器阵列中。

15. 发明授权

US06479824B1 Scintillator arrays for CT imaging and other applications 失效
标题翻译：用于CT成像和其他应用的闪烁体阵列
公开(公告)号：US06479824B1
公开(公告)日：2002-11-12
申请号：US09708760
申请日：2000-11-08
申请人： David M. Hoffman
发明人： David M. Hoffman
IPC分类号： G01T120
CPC分类号： G01T1/2018 , A61B6/032 , G01T1/2002
摘要： One embodiment of the present invention is a detector for detecting x-rays of an imaging system. The detector has a plurality of photodetectors; and a plurality of scintillator elements optically coupled to the plurality of photodetectors. The scintillator elements have sides separated from adjacent scintillator elements by gaps; and a cast reflector mixture in the gaps between the sides of the scintillator elements. The cast reflector mixture include a first powdered material having a higher Z and a higher density than titanium dioxide, and a refractivity index sufficient to effectively scatter and reflect light within the cast reflector mixture.
摘要翻译：本发明的一个实施例是用于检测成像系统的x射线的检测器。检测器具有多个光电检测器; 以及与所述多个光电检测器光学耦合的多个闪烁体元件。闪烁体元件具有通过间隙与相邻闪烁体元件分离的侧面; 以及在闪烁体元件的侧面之间的间隙中的浇铸反射器混合物。浇铸反射器混合物包括具有比二氧化钛更高的Z和更高密度的第一粉末材料和足以有效地散射和反射铸造反射器混合物内的光的折射率指数。

16. 发明授权

US06344649B2 Scintillator for a multi-slice computed tomograph system 失效
标题翻译：用于多层计算机断层扫描系统的闪烁体
公开(公告)号：US06344649B2
公开(公告)日：2002-02-05
申请号：US08977439
申请日：1997-11-26
申请人： Robert J. Riedner , Erdogan O. Gurmen , David M. Hoffman , August O. Englert , Timothy J. Sporer , Matthew R. Schedler
发明人： Robert J. Riedner , Erdogan O. Gurmen , David M. Hoffman , August O. Englert , Timothy J. Sporer , Matthew R. Schedler
IPC分类号： G01T120
CPC分类号： G01N23/04 , G01T1/2002 , G01T1/202
摘要： Apparatus and methods for fabricating scintillators for use in a CT systems are described. Adjacent scintillator elements are separated by gaps filled with a composition of white diffuse reflective material, a light absorber, and a castable polymer. The composition increases the strength of the signal to the photodiode by minimizing the amount of light that is lost by the scintillator elements. Additionally, the light absorber minimizes the amount of light transferred between adjacent scintillator elements to limit cross-talk. In addition, the outer edges of the scintillator may have a lower amount of light absorber to compensate for the light lost from the periphery.
摘要翻译：描述了用于制造用于CT系统的闪烁体的装置和方法。相邻的闪烁体元件由填充有白色漫反射材料，光吸收剂和可浇注聚合物的组合物的间隙分开。组合物通过使闪烁体元件损失的光量最小化来增加信号对光电二极管的强度。另外，光吸收器最小化在相邻的闪烁体元件之间传输的光的量以限制串扰。此外，闪烁器的外边缘可以具有较少量的光吸收器，以补偿从周边损失的光。

17. 发明授权

US6134301A Collimator and detector for computed tomography systems 失效
标题翻译：用于计算机断层摄影系统的准直仪和检测器
公开(公告)号：US6134301A
公开(公告)日：2000-10-17
申请号：US102459
申请日：1998-06-22
申请人： Michael Thomas Mruzek , David M. Hoffman
发明人： Michael Thomas Mruzek , David M. Hoffman
IPC分类号： G01T1/20 , A61B6/03 , A61B6/06 , G01N23/04 , G01T7/00 , G21K1/02
CPC分类号： A61B6/032 , A61B6/06 , A61B6/4291 , G01N23/046 , G01N2223/419
摘要： The present invention, in one form, is a scatter collimator for a computed tomography system including an x-ray source. The scatter collimator is positioned between a detector array and an object to be imaged. The scatter collimator includes a housing, a plurality of attenuating blades and a plurality of attenuating wires. The blades and wires are mounted to the housing, and oriented substantially perpendicular to each other. Particularly, the blades and wires form a two-dimensional shielding grid. The blades also are oriented so that they are radially and focally aligned with the x-ray source. A detector element of the detector array is secured to the housing so that the blades and wires are between the detector element and the x-ray source. The detector element, in one form, includes a scintillation element which is coated with a light-retaining material.
摘要翻译：本发明以一种形式是用于包括X射线源的计算机断层摄影系统的散射准直仪。散射准直仪位于检测器阵列和待成像对象之间。散射准直仪包括壳体，多个衰减叶片和多个衰减线。叶片和线被安装到壳体上并且基本上彼此垂直地定向。特别地，叶片和线形成二维屏蔽网格。叶片也被定向成使得它们与x射线源径向地和焦点地对准。检测器阵列的检测器元件固定到壳体上，使得刀片和线材位于检测器元件和X射线源之间。一种形式的检测器元件包括涂有光保持材料的闪烁元件。

18. 发明授权

US5863197A Solid flight conveying screw for furnace 失效
标题翻译：固体飞行输送螺杆用于炉
公开(公告)号：US5863197A
公开(公告)日：1999-01-26
申请号：US846087
申请日：1997-04-25
申请人： William A. Boy , David M. Hoffman
发明人： William A. Boy , David M. Hoffman
IPC分类号： B65G33/26 , F27B7/33 , F27B9/38 , F27B9/39 , F27D3/08 , F27D9/00 , F28F5/06
CPC分类号： F27D3/08 , F28F5/06 , F27D9/00
摘要： A fluid cooled conveying screw adapted for rotary hearth furnaces. A plurality of solid alternating single and double flights are affixed to an outer barrel. The single flights are at least partially cladded to withstand the rigors of the furnace. The double flights extend partially down the barrel.
摘要翻译：适用于转底炉的流体冷却输送螺杆。多个固体交替的单层和双层飞行物固定在外筒上。单个航行器至少部分地覆盖以承受炉子的严密性。双层航行部分向下延伸。

19. 发明授权

US4563584A Solid state detector 失效
标题翻译：固态检测器
公开(公告)号：US4563584A
公开(公告)日：1986-01-07
申请号：US454469
申请日：1982-12-29
申请人： David M. Hoffman , Jack D. Kingsley , Roger S. Ehle
发明人： David M. Hoffman , Jack D. Kingsley , Roger S. Ehle
IPC分类号： G01T1/20 , G01T1/202
CPC分类号： G01T1/2002 , G01T1/2018 , G01T1/202
摘要： A solid state detector in which each scintillator is optimally configured and coupled with its associated sensing diode in a way which exploits light piping effects to enhance efficiency. Preferably, the detector is modular in nature. Each scintillator is a crystal having an index of refraction which differs as a function of direction through the crystal lattice, with the lowest index of refraction being parallel to the cleavage plane. The sides of each scintillator bar conform with the cleavage plane and are highly polished to light pipe photons created in the scintillator to the rear face for collection by an associated photodiode. The rear face is roughened to de-trap light, allowing transfer from the scintillator to the diode. Optical coupling means join the scintillators to their associated diodes to further enhance light transfer.
摘要翻译：一种固态检测器，其中每个闪烁体被最佳地配置并且以其利用光管效应来提高效率的方式与其相关联的感测二极管耦合。优选地，检测器本质上是模块化的。每个闪烁体是具有通过晶格的方向的函数而不同的折射率的晶体，其中折射率平行于解理面。每个闪烁体条的侧面与解理平面一致，并且被高度抛光到在闪烁体中产生的光管光子到后面，以便由相关的光电二极管收集。后面被粗糙化以去除光，从闪烁体转移到二极管。光耦合装置将闪烁体连接到其相关联的二极管以进一步增强光传输。

20. 发明授权

US4417144A Modular solid-state detector cell 失效
标题翻译：模块化固态检测器单元
公开(公告)号：US4417144A
公开(公告)日：1983-11-22
申请号：US236738
申请日：1981-02-23
申请人： David M. Hoffman , Neil W. Loomis , Ralph C. Ehlert , Peter S. Shelley
发明人： David M. Hoffman , Neil W. Loomis , Ralph C. Ehlert , Peter S. Shelley
IPC分类号： A61B6/03 , G01T1/20 , G01T1/29 , G01T1/22
CPC分类号： G01T1/2928 , G01T1/2018
摘要： A modular solid-state detector cell which intimately associates a scintillator body with a pair of photoresponsive semiconductors so as to present on a single collimator plate all of the elements necessary for transforming incident X-radiation into a measurable electrical signal. The detector is provided with a precision slotted mounting arrangement for receiving the unit cells, and the cells when positioned within the detector assembly have the photoresponsive semiconductors enclosed within the light tight cell. The unit is adaptable to off-line testing of the separate cells for screening before assembly.
摘要翻译：模块化固态检测器单元，其将闪烁体与一对光响应半导体紧密地相关联，以便在单个准直器板上呈现将入射的X射线变换成可测量的电信号所需的所有元件。检测器设置有用于接收单元电池的精密开槽安装装置，并且当定位在检测器组件内时的电池具有封闭在不透光单元内的光响应半导体。该装置适用于组装前分离单元的离线测试以进行筛选。

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