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11. 发明授权

US4816511A Cement for cathode blocks 失效
标题翻译：阴极块水泥
公开(公告)号：US4816511A
公开(公告)日：1989-03-28
申请号：US171692
申请日：1988-03-22
申请人： Lise Castonguay , Sadashiv Nadkarni , Mukesh Jain
发明人： Lise Castonguay , Sadashiv Nadkarni , Mukesh Jain
IPC分类号： C04B37/00 , C08K3/04
CPC分类号： C04B37/005 , C04B26/122 , C04B2237/086 , C04B2237/363 , C04B2237/708 , Y10S524/906
摘要： A cement for bonding carbon blocks, particularly the cathode blocks of electrolytic cells, e.g. Hall-Heroult cells used for the production of aluminum. The cement comprises a carbonaceous aggregate of particle size smaller than 48 Tyler mesh, a curable water-soluble liquid polymeric resin (preferably a phenol-formaldehyde resin), water and normally a curing agent for the resin. The water is used in such an amount that the proportion of the resin can be reduced without adversely affecting the viscosity of the cement at ambient temperature. The cement carbonizes when the carbon blocks are subjected to high temperatures and has a linear shrinkage of less than 5%, which reduces the tendency of the carbonized cement to crack.

12. 发明授权

US4948573A Process for producing silicon carbide and metal carbides 失效
标题翻译：生产碳化硅和金属碳化物的方法
公开(公告)号：US4948573A
公开(公告)日：1990-08-14
申请号：US355033
申请日：1989-05-16
申请人： Sadashiv Nadkarni , Mukesh Jain , Jean-Paul Huni
发明人： Sadashiv Nadkarni , Mukesh Jain , Jean-Paul Huni
IPC分类号： C01B31/30 , C01B31/34 , C01B31/36 , C30B25/00
CPC分类号： C01B31/36 , C01B31/30 , C01B31/303 , C01B31/305 , C01B31/34 , C30B25/005 , C30B29/36 , C01P2004/03 , C01P2004/10 , C01P2004/52 , C01P2004/54 , C01P2004/62
摘要： A process for forming carbides of silicon or metals in fine powder or whisker form. The process comprises forming a substantially uniform and non-agglomerated dispersion of a microfine powder of an oxide of silicon or a carbide-forming metal within a matrix of a polymer, carbonizing the oxide-containing polymer in an inert atmosphere and heating the carbonized product at high temperature to cause the oxide to react with carbon to form a carbide. The polymer must have a molecular weight of at least 10,000, a high carbon yield of at least 30% by weight, and a chemical structure which is infusible or capable of being rendered infusible. The preferred polymers are polyacrylonitrile, cellulose and polyvinyl alcohol, but other polymers with similar characteristics can be employed. The process is relatively inexpensive and gives an extremely finely divided product of high purity.
摘要翻译：一种以细粉末或晶须形式形成硅或金属的碳化物的方法。该方法包括在聚合物的基体内形成硅或碳化物形成金属的氧化物的微细粉末的基本均匀和非附聚的分散体，在惰性气氛中碳化含氧化物的聚合物，并将碳化产物加热高温使氧化物与碳反应形成碳化物。聚合物必须具有至少10,000的分子量，至少30重量％的高碳产率，以及不熔或能够变得不可熔的化学结构。优选的聚合物是聚丙烯腈，纤维素和聚乙烯醇，但是可以使用具有相似特性的其它聚合物。该方法相对便宜并且产生了高纯度的极细分产品。

13. 发明授权

US4859711A Hollow microspheres 失效
标题翻译：空心微球
公开(公告)号：US4859711A
公开(公告)日：1989-08-22
申请号：US221135
申请日：1988-07-19
申请人： Mukesh Jain , Sadashiv Nadkarni
发明人： Mukesh Jain , Sadashiv Nadkarni
IPC分类号： B01J13/12 , B01J13/20 , C08J3/14 , C08J9/08
CPC分类号： C08J3/14 , B01J13/12 , B01J13/20 , C08J9/08
摘要： A process of forming hollow microspheres containing carbon or a polymer which is a carbon precursor. The process comprises forming a solution in a liquid solvent of a polymer having the following properties (a) a molecular weight of at least 10,000 and a long chain structure; (b) an ability to be coagulated by or precipitated from the solution by a non-solvent for the polymer; (c) an ability to form a continuous stretchable film when coagulated or precipitated from solution; (d) a chemical structure which is infusible or capable of being rendered infusible, and (e) a high carbon yield of at least 30% by weight upon being carbonized in a non-reactive atmosphere. An insoluble particulate blowing agent is incorporated into the solution and the solution is then divided into droplets and the droplets are introduced into a liquid bath containing a suitable non-solvent for the polymer. The non-solvent causes the polymer to precipitate or coagulate rapidly and simultaneously the blowing agent is decomposed to generate a gas within the droplets so that hollow microspheres are formed. The microspheres are then optionally subjected to carbonization in a non-reactive atmosphere at high temperature to convert the polymer to carbon. Uniformly-sized relatively large hollow microspheres can be produced by this process.
摘要翻译：一种形成含有碳或作为碳前体的聚合物的中空微球的方法。该方法包括在具有以下特性（a）至少10,000的分子量和长链结构的聚合物的液体溶剂中形成溶液; （b）通过聚合物的非溶剂使溶液凝固或沉淀的能力; （c）当从溶液凝结或沉淀时形成连续拉伸膜的能力; （d）不熔或能够熔化的化学结构，和（e）在非反应性气氛中碳化时，至少30重量％的高碳产率。将不溶性颗粒发泡剂并入溶液中，然后将溶液分成液滴，并将液滴引入包含用于聚合物的合适的非溶剂的液体浴中。非溶剂导致聚合物快速沉淀或凝结，同时发泡剂分解以在液滴内产生气体，从而形成中空微球体。然后任选地在非反应性气氛中在高温下将微球碳化，以将聚合物转化为碳。可以通过该方法制造均匀尺寸的相对较大的中空微球。

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