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11. 发明授权

US07864669B2 Method of constructing a backup path in an autonomous system 有权
标题翻译：在自治系统中构建备份路径的方法
公开(公告)号：US07864669B2
公开(公告)日：2011-01-04
申请号：US11254587
申请日：2005-10-20
申请人： Olivier Bonaventure , Pierre Francois , Clarence Filsfils , Stewart Bryant , David D. Ward , John Galen Scudder , Stefano B. Previdi , Ian Michael Charles Shand , Gargi Nalawade
发明人： Olivier Bonaventure , Pierre Francois , Clarence Filsfils , Stewart Bryant , David D. Ward , John Galen Scudder , Stefano B. Previdi , Ian Michael Charles Shand , Gargi Nalawade
IPC分类号： H04L12/26
CPC分类号： H04L45/22 , H04L45/04 , H04L45/28 , H04L2212/00
摘要： A method of constructing a backup path in an autonomous system (AS) for failure of an inter-AS link is described. The method comprises identifying an alternate inter-AS path and constructing a tunnel to an end point on the alternate path.
摘要翻译：描述了在自治系统（AS）中构建用于AS间链路故障的备用路径的方法。该方法包括识别替代的AS间路径并构建到备用路径上的终点的隧道。

12. 发明授权

US07639688B2 Automatic protection of an SP infrastructure against exterior traffic 有权
标题翻译：自动保护SP基础设施免受外部流量的影响
公开(公告)号：US07639688B2
公开(公告)日：2009-12-29
申请号：US11183381
申请日：2005-07-18
申请人： Clarence Filsfils , Stefano B. Previdi , John Galen Scudder , David D. Ward
发明人： Clarence Filsfils , Stefano B. Previdi , John Galen Scudder , David D. Ward
IPC分类号： H04L12/56
CPC分类号： H04L45/742 , H04L45/04 , H04L63/10
摘要： A method and system for protecting valuable resources within an autonomous system network. Address prefixes within the system are designated as valuable and a flag bit is associated with the address within routing tables of routers of the network. Interfaces to border routers are identified and when packets are received at those interfaces, the packets are flagged with a flag or tag bit. The destination address of the received packet is compared to the flag bit associated with the valuable resource prefix, and if the packet is directed to that resource the packet is dropped and/or logged, but the packet is not forwarded to that resource. In specific cases an interface from an external source may be configured to not create the flag or tag bit, wherein that packet will be delivered to the destination prefix of the packet.
摘要翻译：一种用于保护自治系统网络内有价值资源的方法和系统。系统中的地址前缀被指定为有价值的，并且标志位与网络的路由器的路由表中的地址相关联。识别到边界路由器的接口，并且当在这些接口处接收到分组时，分组被标记为标志或标记位。将接收到的分组的目的地地址与与有价值的资源前缀相关联的标志位进行比较，并且如果分组指向该资源，则分组被丢弃和/或记录，但是分组不被转发到该资源。在特定情况下，来自外部源的接口可以被配置为不创建标志或标记位，其中该分组将被传递到分组的目的地前缀。

13. 发明授权

US07855953B2 Method and apparatus for managing forwarding of data in an autonomous system 有权
标题翻译：用于管理自主系统中的数据转发的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US07855953B2
公开(公告)日：2010-12-21
申请号：US11254468
申请日：2005-10-20
申请人： Clarence Filsfils , John Galen Scudder , Stefano B. Previdi
发明人： Clarence Filsfils , John Galen Scudder , Stefano B. Previdi
IPC分类号： H04L12/26
CPC分类号： H04L45/22 , H04L12/4633 , H04L45/04 , H04L45/28 , H04L45/50
摘要： A method of managing forwarding of data in a first autonomous system (AS) is described. The first AS includes a plurality of border routers having inter-domain links to one or more remote AS's and an associated exterior communications protocol. The border routers use an interior communications protocol with other border routers in the first AS using primary tunnels. The method comprises the steps, performed at a first border router having a primary route via an inter-domain link to a remote AS, of constructing an alternate route to the remote AS via second border router in the first AS, instigating a backup tunnel to the second border router upon failure of the primary route and sending a failure message to the other border routers.
摘要翻译：描述了在第一自治系统（AS）中管理数据转发的方法。第一AS包括具有到一个或多个远程AS的域间链接和相关联的外部通信协议的多个边界路由器。边界路由器使用内部通信协议与第一AS中的其他边界路由器使用主隧道。该方法包括以下步骤：在具有通过到远程AS的域间链路的主路由的第一边界路由器上执行的步骤，通过第一AS中的第二边界路由器构建到远程AS的备用路由，将备用隧道引导到主路由器故障时的第二个边界路由器，并向其他边界路由器发送故障消息。

14. 发明申请

US20090245259A1 FAST REROUTE (FRR) PROTECTION AT THE EDGE OF A RFC 2547 NETWORK 有权
标题翻译：快速REROUTE（FRR）保护在RFC 2547网络的边缘
公开(公告)号：US20090245259A1
公开(公告)日：2009-10-01
申请号：US12481411
申请日：2009-06-09
申请人： Clarence Filsfils , Stefano B. Previdi , John Galen Scudder , David D. Ward , Jean-Philippe Vasseur , Jim Guichard
发明人： Clarence Filsfils , Stefano B. Previdi , John Galen Scudder , David D. Ward , Jean-Philippe Vasseur , Jim Guichard
IPC分类号： H04L12/56
CPC分类号： H04L45/28 , H04L45/02 , H04L45/04 , H04L45/22 , H04L45/50
摘要： In one embodiment, an edge device in a first routing domain is configured to communicate with a second routing domain via a data link. The edge device receives a data packet containing a destination address that is reachable via the second routing domain and an indication that the data packet is a protected packet that was previously rerouted from another edge device in the first routing domain via a Multi-Protocol Label Switching (MPLS) Fast Reroute (FRR) backup path. The edge device determines if communication with the second routing domain is still available via the data link, and if so, removes the indication that the data packet is a protected packet and forwards the data packet to the second routing domain, and, if not, drops the data packet to prevent the data packet from being rerouted a second time in the first routing domain on another MPLS FRR backup path.
摘要翻译：在一个实施例中，第一路由域中的边缘设备被配置为经由数据链路与第二路由域进行通信。边缘设备接收包含经由第二路由域可到达的目的地地址的数据分组，以及指示数据分组是先前通过多协议标签交换在第一路由域中从另一边缘设备重新路由的受保护分组的指示（MPLS）快速重路由（FRR）备份路径。边缘设备确定与第二路由域的通信是否仍然通过数据链路可用，如果是，则删除数据分组是受保护分组的指示，并将数据分组转发到第二路由域，如果不是，删除数据包，以防止数据包在另一个MPLS FRR备份路径上的第一个路由域再次被重新路由。

15. 发明授权

US07551551B2 Fast reroute (FRR) protection at the edge of a RFC 2547 network 有权
标题翻译：在RFC 2547网络边缘的快速重路由（FRR）保护
公开(公告)号：US07551551B2
公开(公告)日：2009-06-23
申请号：US11010225
申请日：2004-12-10
申请人： Clarence Filsfils , Stefano B. Previdi , John Galen Scudder , David D. Ward , Jean-Philippe Vasseur , Jim Guichard
发明人： Clarence Filsfils , Stefano B. Previdi , John Galen Scudder , David D. Ward , Jean-Philippe Vasseur , Jim Guichard
IPC分类号： H04J1/16 , H04J3/14 , H04L1/00 , H04L12/26
CPC分类号： H04L45/28 , H04L45/02 , H04L45/04 , H04L45/22 , H04L45/50
摘要： A fast reroute (FRR) technique that may be deployed at the edge of a network having first and second edge devices coupled to a neighboring routing domain. If the first edge device detects a node or link failure that prevents it from communicating with the neighboring domain, the first edge device reroutes at least some data packets addressed to the neighboring domain to the second edge device. The second edge device receives the rerouted packets and then forwards the packets to the neighboring domain. Notably, the second edge device is not permitted to reroute the received packets a second time, e.g., upon identifying another inter-domain node or link failure. As such, loops are avoided at the edge of the network and packets are rerouted to the neighboring routing domain faster and more efficiently than in prior implementations.
摘要翻译：可以部署在具有耦合到相邻路由域的第一和第二边缘设备的网络边缘的快速重路由（FRR）技术。如果第一边缘设备检测到阻止其与相邻域通信的节点或链路故障，则第一边缘设备将寻址到相邻域的至少一些数据分组路由到第二边缘设备。第二边缘设备接收重新路由的报文，然后将报文转发给邻近的域。值得注意的是，第二边缘设备不允许第二次重新路由所接收的分组，例如在识别出另一个域间节点或链路故障时。因此，在网络的边缘避免了循环，并且与先前的实现相比，分组被更快地和更有效地重新路由到相邻路由域。

16. 发明申请

US20090147674A1 LOOP PREVENTION TECHNIQUES USING ENCAPSULATION MANIPULATION OF IP/MPLS FIELD 有权
标题翻译：使用IP / MPLS领域的加密处理的环路预防技术
公开(公告)号：US20090147674A1
公开(公告)日：2009-06-11
申请号：US12348766
申请日：2009-01-05
申请人： John Galen Scudder , David D. Ward , Clarence Filsfils
发明人： John Galen Scudder , David D. Ward , Clarence Filsfils
IPC分类号： G06F11/00
CPC分类号： H04L45/22 , H04L45/02 , H04L45/28 , H04L45/50 , H04L47/2408
摘要： In one embodiment, an edge device communicates with a neighboring routing domain. A failure that prevents communication between the edge device and the neighboring routing is detected. When the edge device thereafter receives a data packet that is directed to the neighboring routing domain, it determines if the received data packet was rerouted to the edge device from another edge device coupled to the neighboring routing domain. If the received data packet was not rerouted to the edge device from another edge device coupled to the neighboring routing domain, the edge device reroutes the received data packet to another edge device for forwarding to the neighboring routing domain. However, if the received data packet was rerouted to the edge device from another edge device coupled to the neighboring routing domain, the edge device prevents the received data packet from being rerouted a second time to prevent loops.
摘要翻译：在一个实施例中，边缘设备与相邻路由域通信。检测到阻止边缘设备和相邻路由之间的通信的故障。当边缘设备此后接收到指向相邻路由域的数据分组时，它确定所接收的数据分组是否从耦合到相邻路由域的另一边缘设备重新路由到边缘设备。如果接收到的数据分组没有从耦合到相邻路由域的另一边缘设备重新路由到边缘设备，则边缘设备将接收到的数据分组重新路由到另一个边缘设备，以转发到相邻路由域。然而，如果接收到的数据分组从耦合到相邻路由域的另一边缘设备重新路由到边缘设备，则边缘设备第二次防止接收到的数据分组被重新路由以防止环路。

17. 发明授权

US07869345B2 Loop prevention techniques using encapsulation manipulation of IP/MPLS field 有权
标题翻译：使用IP / MPLS领域的封装处理的环路预防技术
公开(公告)号：US07869345B2
公开(公告)日：2011-01-11
申请号：US12348766
申请日：2009-01-05
申请人： John Galen Scudder , David D. Ward , Clarence Filsfils
发明人： John Galen Scudder , David D. Ward , Clarence Filsfils
IPC分类号： H04L12/56
CPC分类号： H04L45/22 , H04L45/02 , H04L45/28 , H04L45/50 , H04L47/2408
摘要： In one embodiment, an edge device communicates with a neighboring routing domain. A failure that prevents communication between the edge device and the neighboring routing is detected. When the edge device thereafter receives a data packet that is directed to the neighboring routing domain, it determines if the received data packet was rerouted to the edge device from another edge device coupled to the neighboring routing domain. If the received data packet was not rerouted to the edge device from another edge device coupled to the neighboring routing domain, the edge device reroutes the received data packet to another edge device for forwarding to the neighboring routing domain. However, if the received data packet was rerouted to the edge device from another edge device coupled to the neighboring routing domain, the edge device prevents the received data packet from being rerouted a second time to prevent loops.
摘要翻译：在一个实施例中，边缘设备与相邻路由域通信。检测到阻止边缘设备和相邻路由之间的通信的故障。当边缘设备此后接收到指向相邻路由域的数据分组时，它确定所接收的数据分组是否从耦合到相邻路由域的另一边缘设备重新路由到边缘设备。如果接收到的数据分组没有从耦合到相邻路由域的另一边缘设备重新路由到边缘设备，则边缘设备将接收到的数据分组重新路由到另一个边缘设备，以转发到相邻路由域。然而，如果接收到的数据分组从耦合到相邻路由域的另一边缘设备重新路由到边缘设备，则边缘设备第二次防止接收到的数据分组被重新路由以防止环路。

18. 发明授权

US07477593B2 Loop prevention techniques using encapsulation manipulation of IP/MPLS field 有权
标题翻译：使用IP / MPLS领域的封装处理的环路预防技术
公开(公告)号：US07477593B2
公开(公告)日：2009-01-13
申请号：US11098173
申请日：2005-04-04
申请人： John Galen Scudder , David D. Ward , Clarence Filsfils
发明人： John Galen Scudder , David D. Ward , Clarence Filsfils
IPC分类号： H04L12/56
CPC分类号： H04L45/22 , H04L45/02 , H04L45/28 , H04L45/50 , H04L47/2408
摘要： A fast reroute (FRR) technique is implemented at the edge of a computer network. In accordance with the technique, if an edge device detects a node or link failure that prevents it from communicating with a neighboring routing domain, the edge device reroutes at least some data packets addressed to that domain to a backup edge device which, in turn, forwards the packets to the neighboring domain. The rerouted packets are designated as being “protected” (i.e., rerouted) data packets before they are forwarded to the backup edge device. To that end, the edge device incorporates an identifier into the rerouted data packets to indicate that the packets are being FRR rerouted. The identifier may be a predetermined value stored at a known location in the rerouted packets'encapsulation headers, such as in their MPLS or IP headers. Upon receiving a data packet containing the identifier, the backup edge device is not permitted to reroute the packet a second time.
摘要翻译：在计算机网络的边缘实现快速重路由（FRR）技术。根据该技术，如果边缘设备检测到阻止其与相邻路由域通信的节点或链路故障，则边缘设备将至少一些寻址到该域的数据分组重新路由到备用边缘设备，将数据包转发到相邻域。重新路由的数据包在被转发到备份边缘设备之前被指定为“保护”（即重新路由）数据分组。为此，边缘设备将重新路由的数据分组中的标识符合并，以指示分组正在被FRR重新路由。标识符可以是存储在重新路由的分组的封装报头中的已知位置的预定值，例如在其MPLS或IP报头中。在接收到包含标识符的数据分组时，不允许备份边缘设备再次重新路由该分组。

19. 发明授权

US09178797B2 Selective BGP graceful restart in redundant router deployments 有权
标题翻译：冗余路由器部署中的选择性BGP平滑重启
公开(公告)号：US09178797B2
公开(公告)日：2015-11-03
申请号：US13539424
申请日：2012-06-30
申请人： John Galen Scudder , Ross W. Callon
发明人： John Galen Scudder , Ross W. Callon
IPC分类号： H04L12/26 , H04L12/755 , H04L12/757 , H04L29/14 , H04L12/24 , H04L12/715
CPC分类号： H04L45/021 , H04L41/0668 , H04L41/0672 , H04L45/023 , H04L45/04 , H04L45/28 , H04L69/40
摘要： In general, techniques are described for selectively invoking graceful restart procedures when a route reflector member of a redundant route cluster fails. In one example, a method is provided that includes determining, by a provider edge router that supports graceful restart procedures, that a first router forms a redundant group with at least a second router. The method also includes detecting a failure of the first router and determining that at least the second router in the redundant group is operating approximately while the first router is failed. The method further includes overriding graceful restart procedures with respect to the failed first router when at least the second router is operating. The method also includes forwarding one or more data packets according to route information provided via the second router.
摘要翻译：一般来说，描述了当冗余路由集群的路由反射器成员发生故障时选择性地调用优雅重启过程的技术。在一个示例中，提供了一种方法，其包括由支持平滑重启过程的提供商边缘路由器确定第一路由器与至少第二路由器形成冗余组。该方法还包括检测第一路由器的故障，并且确定至少第二路由器在第一路由器发生故障时大致操作冗余组中的第二路由器。该方法还包括当至少第二路由器正在运行时相对于故障的第一路由器重写优雅的重新启动过程。该方法还包括根据经由第二路由器提供的路由信息转发一个或多个数据分组。

20. 发明授权

US07355983B2 Technique for graceful shutdown of a routing protocol in a network 有权
标题翻译：网络中路由协议正常关闭的技术
公开(公告)号：US07355983B2
公开(公告)日：2008-04-08
申请号：US10775877
申请日：2004-02-10
申请人： John Galen Scudder , Muthurajah Sivabalan , David D. Ward
发明人： John Galen Scudder , Muthurajah Sivabalan , David D. Ward
IPC分类号： G01R31/08
CPC分类号： H04L45/02 , H04L45/22
摘要： A graceful shutdown technique modifies a routing protocol to allow an intermediate node, such as a router, to announce to its peer routers (peers) its intention to be gracefully shutdown and removed from service in a network. By announcing its intention to be removed from service, the shutdown router closes (terminates) all connections with its peers and all original routes advertised on those connections are removed (withdrawn) from service. According to the inventive technique, the shutdown router may continue forwarding packets over the network for a “grace” period of time, i.e., the router maintains the validity of those original routes so that packets mapped to the routes are not dropped (at least during the grace period). The grace period also allows backup paths to be propagated to each peer and put into service prior to a final withdrawal of the shutdown router's paths from a forwarding information base of the peer. Thus, the grace period enables the network to continue using the shutdown router as a next hop as it re-converges to use the alternate, backup paths.
摘要翻译：优雅的关机技术修改路由协议，允许诸如路由器之类的中间节点向其对等路由器（对等体）通告其意图被正常关闭并从网络中的服务中删除。关闭路由器通过宣布将其从服务中删除，关闭（终止）与对等体的所有连接，并将从这些连接发布的所有原始路由从服务中删除（撤销）。根据本发明的技术，关闭路由器可以在“宽限”时间段内继续通过网络转发分组，即，路由器保持那些原始路由的有效性，使得映射到路由的分组不被丢弃（至少在宽限期）。宽限期还允许将备份路径传播到每个对等体，并在关闭路由器的路径从对等体的转发信息库最后提取之前投入使用。因此，宽限期允许网络在重新收敛以使用备用路径时继续使用关闭路由器作为下一跳。

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