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11. 发明授权

US4859843A Method and apparatus for optical signal analysis using a gated modulation source and an optical delay circuit to achieve a self-homodyne receiver 失效
标题翻译：用于使用门控调制源和光学延迟电路实现自身零差接收机的光信号分析的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US4859843A
公开(公告)日：1989-08-22
申请号：US146915
申请日：1988-01-22
申请人： Douglas M. Baney , Wayne V. Sorin
发明人： Douglas M. Baney , Wayne V. Sorin
IPC分类号： G01R23/17 , G01J9/04
CPC分类号： G01J9/04
摘要： An actual optical field spectrum is mixed down to baseband and can be observed directly to measure the optical field spectrum of an optical signal based on a local oscillator approach. This local oscillator approach is achieved without adding an additional local oscillator. A single optical source, such as a laser, is controlled by a modulation source for selectively modulating the optical signal produced by the optical source. Accordingly, the optical signal produced by the optical source alternates between two states, namely, an unmodulated state and a modulated state which carries the optical field spectrum of interest. Preferably, the optical signal produced by the optical source is routed to an optical conduit in parallel with an optical delay line. Although the two states of the optical signal produced by the optical source occur sequentially in time, they are mixed together concurrently after being channeled through the parallel optical circuit comprising the optical conduit and the optical delay line. The unmodulated state of the optical signal produced by the optical source serves as a local oscillator signal. The parallel combination of the optical conduit and the optical delay line together with a photodetector functions as a self-homodyne receiver when fed the unmodulated and modulated states of the optical signal produced by the optical source. The self-homodyned mixing of the unmodulated and modulated states of the optical signal produced by the optical source serves to frequency-translate the optical power spectrum to within the bandwidth of an analyzer, such as a microwave spectrum analyzer.

12. 发明授权

US06788395B2 Coherent analyzer for multi-port optical networks 失效
标题翻译：多端口光网络相干分析仪
公开(公告)号：US06788395B2
公开(公告)日：2004-09-07
申请号：US10081102
申请日：2002-02-20
申请人： Douglas M. Baney , Wayne V. Sorin
发明人： Douglas M. Baney , Wayne V. Sorin
IPC分类号： G01N2100
CPC分类号： G01M11/33 , G01M11/338 , H04Q2011/0083
摘要： An optical interface device for use in coherent testing of a device for its response to a stimulus signal. The interface includes a reference signal generator for generating a reference signal and a stimulus signal from the light signal input to the interface. A first optical switch routes the stimulus signal to one of the device test ports. A second optical switch routes a light signal from the device under test to the test signal output port. A plurality of optical routers are utilized for connecting the device test ports to the first and second switches. The output of the optical routers also provides a signal related to the intensity of the light signal leaving the device test port for use in correcting the data for variations in intensity in the stimulus light signal. A polarization synthesizer for setting the polarization state of the stimulus signal may also be included.
摘要翻译：一种光学接口装置，用于对其对刺激信号的响应的设备的相干测试。接口包括用于产生参考信号的参考信号发生器和从输入到接口的光信号的刺激信号。第一光开关将激励信号传送到设备测试端口之一。第二光开关将来自被测器件的光信号传送到测试信号输出端口。多个光路由器被用于将设备测试端口连接到第一和第二交换机。光路由器的输出还提供与离开设备测试端口的光信号的强度相关的信号，以用于校正数据，用于刺激光信号中的强度变化。还可以包括用于设置刺激信号的偏振状态的偏振合成器。

13. 发明授权

US06259529B1 Wavelength-selective polarization-diverse optical heterodyne receiver 失效
标题翻译：波长选择性偏振光学外差接收机
公开(公告)号：US06259529B1
公开(公告)日：2001-07-10
申请号：US09506196
申请日：2000-02-17
申请人： Wayne V. Sorin , Douglas M. Baney
发明人： Wayne V. Sorin , Douglas M. Baney
IPC分类号： G01B902
CPC分类号： H04B10/61 , H04B10/614 , H04B10/6151 , H04B10/64
摘要： A system for monitoring an optical signal includes an optical heterodyne detection system in which an input. signal and a swept local oscillator signal are combined to generate a combined optical signal. At least two beams of the combined optical signal are filtered by a filter that passes a wavelength band which tracks the wavelength of the swept local oscillator signal. As the local oscillator signal sweeps across a wavelength range, filtering of the beams is adjusted to track the wavelength of the local oscillator signal. Filtering the beams to pass a wavelength band corresponding to the wavelength of the swept local oscillator signal reduces the intensity noise contributed from light sources having wavelengths that are not near the wavelength of the local oscillator signal. Another system for monitoring an optical signal includes an optical heterodyne detection system in which the intensity noise of the input signal and/or the intensity noise of the swept local oscillator signal is reduced before the input signal and the local oscillator signal are combined. An embodiment of the optical heterodyne detection system includes an intensity noise reducer for the input signal and/or an intensity noise reducer for the swept local oscillator signal, an optical combining unit, photodetectors, and may include a processor. Utilizing intensity noise reducers for the input signal and/or the local oscillator signal reduces the intensity noise that is detected by the photodetectors and improves the signal to noise ratio of the heterodyne detection system.
摘要翻译：用于监视光信号的系统包括其中输入的光学外差检测系统。信号和扫频本地振荡器信号被组合以产生组合光信号。组合的光信号的至少两个光束通过滤波器滤波，该滤波器通过跟踪扫描本地振荡器信号的波长的波长带。当本地振荡器信号扫过波长范围时，调整波束的滤波以跟踪本地振荡器信号的波长。过滤波束以通过与扫频本地振荡器信号的波长相对应的波长带降低由具有不在本地振荡器信号的波长附近的波长的光源所贡献的强度噪声。用于监视光信号的另一个系统包括一个光外差检测系统，其中输入信号的强度噪声和/或扫频本地振荡器信号的强度噪声在输入信号和本地振荡器信号组合之前被减小。光学外差检测系统的一个实施例包括用于输入信号的强度噪声减少器和/或用于扫频本地振荡器信号的强度降噪器，光学组合单元，光电检测器，并且可以包括处理器。利用用于输入信号和/或本地振荡器信号的强度降噪器降低由光电检测器检测到的强度噪声，并提高外差检测系统的信噪比。

14. 发明授权

US6157753A Programmable light path device 有权
标题翻译：可编程光路设备
公开(公告)号：US6157753A
公开(公告)日：2000-12-05
申请号：US316501
申请日：1999-05-21
申请人： Douglas M. Baney , Wayne V. Sorin
发明人： Douglas M. Baney , Wayne V. Sorin
IPC分类号： G02F1/1335 , G02F1/1333 , G02F1/13357 , G02F1/313 , G02B6/26
CPC分类号： G02F1/1326 , G02F1/313
摘要： A switchable waveguide having first and second states. In the first state, the waveguide guides light of a signal wavelength along a predetermined path. In the second state, no guiding of the light occurs. The waveguide includes a guide layer of a guide material having a first index of refraction in the absence of an electric field and a second index of refraction in the presence of the electric field. The electric field is generated in a portion of the guide layer by applying an appropriate electrical signal to a plurality of electrodes that define a guide region in the guide layer. The guide region has an index of refraction that is greater than that of the guide layer in regions adjacent to the guide region. The electrodes are separated from the guide region by a distance of at least one-half times the wavelength of the light being guided. The separation is maintained by arranging the electrodes such that the guide region is created at a location separated from the electrodes.
摘要翻译：一种具有第一和第二状态的可切换波导。在第一状态下，波导引导沿预定路径的信号波长的光。在第二状态下，不会引起光的引导。波导包括导电材料的引导层，该引导层在不存在电场的情况下具有第一折射率，并且在存在电场的情况下具有第二折射率。通过向限定引导层中的引导区域的多个电极施加适当的电信号，在引导层的一部分中产生电场。引导区域的折射率大于与引导区域相邻的区域中的引导层的折射率。电极与引导区域分开距离被引导的光的波长的至少一半的距离。通过布置电极来保持分离，使得在与电极分离的位置处产生引导区域。

15. 发明授权

US5991476A Pump directed optical switching element 失效
标题翻译：泵定向光开关元件
公开(公告)号：US5991476A
公开(公告)日：1999-11-23
申请号：US76692
申请日：1998-05-12
申请人： Douglas M. Baney , Steven A. Newton , Wayne V. Sorin
发明人： Douglas M. Baney , Steven A. Newton , Wayne V. Sorin
IPC分类号： H04B10/02 , H01S3/067 , H01S3/094 , H04Q11/00 , G02B6/26
CPC分类号： H01S3/094003 , H01S3/06754 , H04Q11/0005 , H04Q2011/0041
摘要： An optical switch includes a pump source, a pump director, and a pump-dependent attenuator. The pump-dependent attenuator passes optical signals when it is supplied with pump energy at a pumping wavelength and attenuates optical signals when it is not supplied with pump energy. The pump source generates pump energy for the pump-dependent attenuator, and the pump director optically manipulates the delivery of pump energy to the pump-dependent attenuator. In a preferred embodiment, the pump-dependent attenuator is an erbium-doped fiber (EDF), the pump source is a laser diode, and the pump director is a tunable fiber Bragg grating (FBG). The EDF is located along an optical signal transmission path between an input waveguide and an output waveguide. The tunable FBG is located along a transmission path between the laser diode and the EDF. To operate the switch, pump energy at a pumping wavelength is generated by the laser diode and transmitted toward the tunable FBG. To turn on the switch, the FBG is tuned off of the pumping wavelength of the EDF, thereby passing pump energy to the EDF, and to turn off the switch, the FBG is tuned onto the pumping wavelength of the EDF, thereby blocking pump energy to the EDF. An adjustable bandpass filter may also be used as the pump director. The optical switch can also be applied to various optical systems, such as a 1.times.N switch, add/drop multiplexers, broadcast/multicast switches, and wavelength-selectable lasers.
摘要翻译：光开关包括泵浦源，泵导向器和与泵相关的衰减器。泵依赖的衰减器在泵浦能量提供泵浦波长的情况下传递光信号，并且在不提供泵浦能量时衰减光信号。泵浦源为泵依赖的衰减器产生泵浦能量，并且泵控制器可以将泵浦能量传递到与泵相关的衰减器。在优选实施例中，泵依赖衰减器是掺铒光纤（EDF），泵浦源是激光二极管，并且泵导向器是可调光纤布拉格光栅（FBG）。 EDF沿着输入波导和输出波导之间的光信号传输路径定位。可调FBG位于激光二极管和EDF之间的传输路径上。为了操作开关，泵浦波长的泵浦能量由激光二极管产生并传输到可调FBG。为了打开开关，FBG被调谐离开EDF的泵浦波长，从而将泵浦能量传递到EDF，并关闭开关，将FBG调谐到EDF的泵浦波长，从而阻止泵浦能量到EDF。也可以使用可调带通滤波器作为泵导向器。光开关还可以应用于各种光学系统，例如1xN开关，分插复用器，广播/组播开关和波长可选激光器。

16. 发明授权

US5557400A Multiplexed sensing using optical coherence reflectrometry 失效
标题翻译：使用光学相干反射测量法进行多路复用检测
公开(公告)号：US5557400A
公开(公告)日：1996-09-17
申请号：US389222
申请日：1995-02-15
申请人： Wayne V. Sorin , Douglas M. Baney
发明人： Wayne V. Sorin , Douglas M. Baney
IPC分类号： G01B11/00 , G01B11/16 , G01D21/00 , G01B9/02
CPC分类号： G01B11/16
摘要： An apparatus and method for measuring the change in a dimension that characterizes a structure. The apparatus operates by measuring the distance between a plurality of reflective markers located along an optical fiber. The optical fiber is attached to the structure in such a manner that a change in the dimension in question results in a change in the optical delay of the fiber between at least two of the markers. The fiber is illuminated with low coherence light. Each marker reflects a portion of a light signal traversing the fiber from a first end thereof. The markers are located at predetermined distances from the first end. Light reflected from the markers is collected and introduced into an autocorrelator that measures the coherent sum of a first signal comprising the collected light and a second signal comprising the collected light delayed by a variable time delay. The coherent sum is measured as a function of said variable time delay. Various embodiments of the present invention utilize different methods for identifying the specific markers. For example, the markers may be constructed such that each pair of markers reflects light of a characteristic wavelength. In a second embodiment, the distance between each pair of markers is used to identify the pair of markers. In a third embodiment, the reflectivity of each marker is used to identify the marker.
摘要翻译：一种用于测量结构特征的尺寸变化的装置和方法。该装置通过测量沿着光纤定位的多个反射标记之间的距离来进行操作。光纤以这样的方式附接到结构，使得所述尺寸的变化导致光纤在至少两个标记之间的光学延迟的变化。光纤以低相干光照亮。每个标记物从其第一端反射穿过光纤的光信号的一部分。标记位于距离第一端的预定距离处。从标记反射的光被收集并被引入自相关器，该自相关器测量包括所收集的光的第一信号和包含被延迟了可变时间延迟的收集的光的第二信号的相干和。测量相干和作为所述可变时间延迟的函数。本发明的各种实施方案利用不同的方法来鉴定特异性标记。例如，可以构造标记，使得每对标记反射特征波长的光。在第二实施例中，使用每对标记之间的距离来识别该对标记。在第三实施例中，使用每个标记的反射率来识别标记。

17. 发明授权

US06766115B1 Multiport optical component testing using a single optical receiver 失效
标题翻译：使用单个光接收机进行多端口光学元件测试
公开(公告)号：US06766115B1
公开(公告)日：2004-07-20
申请号：US09643374
申请日：2000-08-22
申请人： Wayne V. Sorin , Douglas M. Baney , Bogdan Szafraniec
发明人： Wayne V. Sorin , Douglas M. Baney , Bogdan Szafraniec
IPC分类号： H04B1000
CPC分类号： H04B10/00
摘要： A system for measuring optical characteristics of a multiport optical device uses optical heterodyne detection and known port-specific transmission delays to simultaneously monitor multiple ports of the multiport optical device with a single receiver. An embodiment of a system includes a splitter configured to split a swept optical signal into a reference signal and a test signal and a test system input, connectable to the multiport optical device, for transmitting the test signal to the multiport optical device. The test system also includes an optical combiner and a receiver. The optical combiner is connectable to the multiport optical device to receive a first portion of the test signal having a first port-specific transmission delay and to receive a second portion of the test signal having a second port-specific transmission delay. The optical combiner combines the first portion of the test signal having the first transmission delay and the second portion of the test signal having the second transmission delay with the reference signal. The receiver is connected to the optical combiner to detect a first optical heterodyne signal that is generated from the combined first portion of the test signal and the reference signal and to detect a second optical heterodyne signal that is generated from the combined second portion of the test signal and the reference signal. The system includes port-specific transmission delay units connected to ports of the multiport device and each of the port-specific transmission delay units imparts a different transmission delay on an optical signal.
摘要翻译：用于测量多端口光学器件的光学特性的系统使用光学外差检测和已知的端口特定传输延迟来同时用单个接收器监视多端口光学器件的多个端口。系统的实施例包括分配器，其被配置为将扫描光信号分割为参考信号，以及可连接到多端口光学设备的测试信号和测试系统输入，用于将测试信号发送到多端口光学设备。测试系统还包括光学组合器和接收器。光合并器可连接到多端口光学设备以接收具有第一端口特定传输延迟的测试信号的第一部分，并且接收具有第二端口特定传输延迟的测试信号的第二部分。光组合器将具有第一传输延迟的测试信号的第一部分和具有第二传输延迟的测试信号的第二部分与参考信号组合。接收机连接到光组合器以检测从测试信号和参考信号的组合的第一部分产生的第一光学外差信号，并且检测从测试的组合的第二部分产生的第二光学外差信号信号和参考信号。该系统包括连接到多端口设备的端口的端口特定传输延迟单元，并且每个端口专用传输延迟单元在光信号上施加不同的传输延迟。

18. 发明授权

US06646746B1 Method and system for optical heterodyne detection of an optical signal 失效
标题翻译：用于光信号的光外差检测的方法和系统
公开(公告)号：US06646746B1
公开(公告)日：2003-11-11
申请号：US09678432
申请日：2000-10-02
申请人： Wayne V. Sorin , Bogdan Szfraniec , Douglas M. Baney
发明人： Wayne V. Sorin , Bogdan Szfraniec , Douglas M. Baney
IPC分类号： G01J345
CPC分类号： H04B10/60 , G01J9/04 , H04B10/64
摘要： An optical heterodyne detection system in accordance with an embodiment of the invention includes two optical receivers for separately measuring the power of an input signal and a local oscillator signal before the signals are combined. The measurements of the input signal and the local oscillator signal are then utilized to enhance the heterodyne signal to noise ratio by removing the intensity noise contributed by the input signal and the local oscillator signal. By measuring portions of the input signal power and the local oscillator signal power and then subtracting out the scaled quantities from the photocurrent measurement during signal processing, the signal to noise of the heterodyne signal is improved beyond that which is accomplished by known balanced receivers.
摘要翻译：根据本发明实施例的光外差检测系统包括两个光接收器，用于在组合信号之前单独测量输入信号的功率和本地振荡器信号。然后通过去除由输入信号和本地振荡器信号贡献的强度噪声来利用输入信号和本地振荡器信号的测量值来增强外差信噪比。通过测量输入信号功率和本地振荡器信号功率的部分，然后在信号处理期间从光电流测量中减去定标数量，外差信号的信噪比被改善，超过了已知的平衡接收机所完成的。

19. 发明授权

US06549701B1 Selectable wavelength channel filter for optical WDM systems 失效
标题翻译：用于光学WDM系统的可选波长通道滤波器
公开(公告)号：US06549701B1
公开(公告)日：2003-04-15
申请号：US09014148
申请日：1998-01-27
申请人： Douglas M. Baney , Wayne V. Sorin
发明人： Douglas M. Baney , Wayne V. Sorin
IPC分类号： G02B626
CPC分类号： G02B6/12007 , G02B6/29319 , H04B10/675 , H04J14/02
摘要： A filter for generating an output light signal having one or more output spectral lines selected from a plurality of potential spectral lines contained in an input light signal. The filter includes a channel filter for filtering the input light signal to create a notched light signal having a spectrum devoid of light at a first wavelength. The filter also includes a variable wavelength reflector for reflecting light having a wavelength equal to a reflection wavelength, the reflection wavelength being selectable from the first wavelength and a second wavelength equal to the wavelength of one of the spectral lines. The output of the channel filter is coupled to the input of the variable wavelength reflector. The output of the variable wavelength reflector includes the output light signal. The channel filter can be constructed using a number of known optical components such as fiber Bragg reflectors, array waveguide filters, Mach Zehnder filters, or absorption filters. The variable frequency reflector is preferably constructed from one or more variable frequency fiber Bragg reflectors.
摘要翻译：一种滤波器，用于产生具有从包含在输入光信号中的多个电位谱线中选出的一个或多个输出光谱线的输出光信号。滤波器包括用于对输入光信号进行滤波以产生具有第一波长的没有光的光谱的陷波光信号的通道滤波器。滤波器还包括可变波长反射器，用于反射具有等于反射波长的波长的光，反射波长可从第一波长选择，第二波长可以等于其中一条光谱线的波长。通道滤波器的输出耦合到可变波长反射器的输入端。可变波长反射器的输出包括输出光信号。信道滤波器可以使用许多已知的光学部件来构造，例如光纤布拉格反射器，阵列波导滤波器，马赫曾德滤波器或吸收滤波器。可变频反射器优选地由一个或多个可变频率光纤布拉格反射器构成。

20. 发明授权

US5268738A Extended distance range optical low-coherence reflectometer 失效
标题翻译：扩展距离范围光学低相干反射计
公开(公告)号：US5268738A
公开(公告)日：1993-12-07
申请号：US907765
申请日：1992-06-30
申请人： Douglas M. Baney , Wayne V. Sorin
发明人： Douglas M. Baney , Wayne V. Sorin
IPC分类号： G01B9/02 , G01M11/00 , G41B9/02
CPC分类号： G01M11/3172
摘要： An improved optical low-coherence reflectometer is disclosed for use in measuring the strength and location of optical reflections. The invention utilizes a reference signal comprising multiple copies of a light signal to increase the range of distance measurements over which the reflectometer operates. Each copy of the light signal is delayed by a different amount. Embodiments in which the copies are generated with a ring resonator, a Fabry-Perot cavity, and multiple fiber delay lines are described.
摘要翻译：公开了改进的光学低相干反射计用于测量光学反射的强度和位置。本发明利用包括光信号的多个副本的参考信号来增加反射计在其上操作的距离测量的范围。光信号的每个副本被延迟不同的量。描述了使用环形谐振器，法布里 - 珀罗腔和多个光纤延迟线产生副本的实施例。

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