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11. 发明授权

US06587711B1 Spectral polarizing tomographic dermatoscope 失效
标题翻译：光谱偏振层析成像皮肤镜
公开(公告)号：US06587711B1
公开(公告)日：2003-07-01
申请号：US09550094
申请日：2000-04-14
申请人： Robert R. Alfano , Yury Budansky , Jingcheng Luo
发明人： Robert R. Alfano , Yury Budansky , Jingcheng Luo
IPC分类号： A61B600
CPC分类号： A61B5/444 , A61B5/0002 , A61B5/0068 , A61B5/0073 , A61B5/0084 , A61B5/415 , A61B5/418 , A61B5/4331
摘要： An apparatus for use in examining an object, such as skin, mucosa and cervical tissues for the purpose of detecting cancer and precancerous conditions therein. In one embodiment, the apparatus includes a gun-shaped housing having a handle portion and a barrel portion. The front end of the barrel portion is open, and a glass cover is mounted therein. Red, green, blue, and white LED's are disposed within the handle portion of the housing and are electrically connected to a battery also disposed within the handle portion of the housing. A manually-operable switch for controlling actuation of each of the four LED's is accessible on the handle portion of the housing. An optical fiber is disposed inside the housing and is used to transmit light from the four LED's through a first polarizer disposed in the barrel portion of the housing and then through the glass cover to illuminate a desired object. Reflected light from the object entering the housing through the glass cover is passed through a second polarizer, which is adjustably mounted in the barrel portion of the housing and which is preferably oriented to pass depolarized light emitted from an illuminated object, and is then imaged by optics onto a CCD detector. The optics may include a lens that is disposed within the barrel portion and is adjustably spaced relative to the CCD detector. The detector is coupled to a wireless transmitter mounted in the housing, the transmitter transmitting the output from the detector to a remotely located wireless receiver. The wireless receiver is coupled to a computer, which then processes the output from the detector. The processed output is then displayed on a display. The display may be remotely situated for remote expert diagnosis.
摘要翻译：用于检查诸如皮肤，粘膜和宫颈组织的物体的装置，用于检测其中的癌症和癌前病症。在一个实施例中，该装置包括具有手柄部分和镜筒部分的枪形壳体。筒部的前端开放，玻璃罩安装在其中。红色，绿色，蓝色和白色LED设置在壳体的手柄部分内并且电连接到也设置在壳体的手柄部分内的电池。用于控制四个LED中的每一个的致动的手动操作开关可在壳体的手柄部分上进行。光纤设置在壳体内部，并用于透过设置在壳体的筒体部分中的第一偏振片透过来自四个LED的光，然后通过玻璃罩照射所需的物体。来自通过玻璃盖进入壳体的物体的反射光穿过第二偏振器，第二偏振器可调节地安装在壳体的镜筒部分中，并且其优选地定向成使从被照射物体发射的去偏振光通过，然后通过光学到CCD检测器。光学器件可以包括设置在镜筒部分内并且相对于CCD检测器可调节间隔的透镜。检测器耦合到安装在壳体中的无线发射器，发射器将检测器的输出传输到远程定位的无线接收器。无线接收器耦合到计算机，然后计算机处理来自检测器的输出。然后将处理的输出显示在显示屏上。显示器可以远程位置用于远程专家诊断。

12. 发明授权

US6080584A Method and apparatus for detecting the presence of cancerous and precancerous cells in a smear using native fluorescence spectroscopy 失效
标题翻译：使用天然荧光光谱法检测涂片中癌和癌前细胞的存在的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US6080584A
公开(公告)日：2000-06-27
申请号：US982947
申请日：1997-12-02
申请人： Robert R. Alfano , Singaravelu Ganesan , Yury Budansky
发明人： Robert R. Alfano , Singaravelu Ganesan , Yury Budansky
IPC分类号： C12M1/34 , G01N1/28 , G01N15/14 , G01N21/64 , G01N33/574
CPC分类号： G01N21/6486 , G01N21/6456 , G01N33/57415 , G01N1/2813 , G01N2015/1472 , G01N2015/1486 , G01N2021/6421 , G01N2021/6423
摘要： A method and apparatus for examining a cell smear for the purpose of detecting the presence of cancerous and precancerous cells located therein. In a preferred embodiment, the method comprises illuminating at least a portion of the cell smear with light of a first wavelength, whereby native fluorescence is emitted therefrom. Next, the intensity of native fluorescence emitted from the illuminated area is measured at a second wavelength and at a third wavelength as a function of location within the illuminated area. The first, second and third wavelengths are chosen so that the ratio of fluorescence intensities at the second and third wavelengths is indicative of a carcinomatous condition. Next, the ratio of intensities measured at the second and third wavelengths is determined to obtain a value for each location within the illuminated area. Finally, a map is generated of all the cells present within the illuminated area using the calculated values. The map not only shows the spatial distribution of cells located within the area but also indicates by color coding or shading the carcinomatous condition of each cell therein.
摘要翻译：用于检测细胞涂片以检测位于其中的癌和癌前细胞的存在的目的的方法和装置。在优选实施方案中，该方法包括用第一波长的光照射至少一部分细胞涂片，由此从其发射天然荧光。接下来，在照明区域内作为位置的函数在第二波长和第三波长处测量从照明区域发射的天然荧光的强度。选择第一，第二和第三波长，使得在第二和第三波长处的荧光强度的比率表示癌症状况。接下来，确定在第二和第三波长处测量的强度比，以获得在照明区域内的每个位置的值。最后，使用所计算的值生成在照明区域内存在的所有细胞的图。该图不仅显示位于该区域内的细胞的空间分布，而且还通过颜色编码或阴影其中每个细胞的癌症状况来表示。

13. 发明授权

US6069354A Photonic paper product dispenser 失效
标题翻译：光子纸产品分配器
公开(公告)号：US6069354A
公开(公告)日：2000-05-30
申请号：US71004
申请日：1998-05-01
申请人： Robert R. Alfano , Yury Budansky , Jing Cheng Luo
发明人： Robert R. Alfano , Yury Budansky , Jing Cheng Luo
IPC分类号： A47K10/36 , G01V8/12 , B65H26/00
CPC分类号： A47K10/36 , A47K10/3612 , A47K10/3625 , A47K2010/3668
摘要： A photonic paper product dispenser is provided for dispensing a portion of a roll of a paper product. The photonic paper product dispenser comprises a housing which holds the roll of the paper product. The dispenser further comprises a light source for emitting an infrared light signal and a photodetector affixed to the housing which detects infrared light from the source reflected by the user and converts the light to electrical signals. The dispenser further includes a signal processing circuit in electrical connection with the photodetector. The signal processing circuit receives and processes signals sent by the photodetector. The dispenser further includes a motor in electrical connection with said signal processing circuit. The dispenser further includes a pair of gears mechanically connected to the motor which rotate upon activation of the motor. The gears are mechanically connected to one of a pair of rollers, the roller rotating upon rotation of the gears. The pair of rollers are mounted in the housing so that they are frictionally engaged with the roll of the paper product. The roll of the paper product is fed tautly between the pair of rollers. As the roller connected to the gears rotates, the roll of the paper product will rotate causing a sheet of the paper product to advance out from the dispenser which can then be removed from the roll by the user without having to touch any part of the dispenser.
摘要翻译：提供光子纸产品分配器用于分配纸产品卷的一部分。光子纸产品分配器包括保持纸产品卷的外壳。分配器还包括用于发射红外光信号的光源和固定到壳体的光电检测器，其检测来自用户反射的源的红外光并将光转换成电信号。分配器还包括与光电检测器电连接的信号处理电路。信号处理电路接收并处理由光电检测器发送的信号。分配器还包括与所述信号处理电路电连接的电动机。分配器还包括机械地连接到电动机的一对齿轮，其在电动机的启动时旋转。齿轮机械地连接到一对辊中的一个，滚子在齿轮转动时旋转。一对辊安装在壳体中，使得它们与纸制品的辊摩擦接合。纸张产品的卷筒被拉紧在一对辊子之间。当连接到齿轮的辊旋转时，纸张产品的卷将旋转，使得纸张产品的片材从分配器中提前出来，然后可以由用户从卷筒中取出，而不必接触分配器的任何部分。

14. 发明授权

US5635402A Technique for determining whether a cell is malignant as opposed to non-malignant using extrinsic fluorescence spectroscopy 失效
标题翻译：使用外在荧光光谱法确定细胞是否恶性而不是非恶性肿瘤的技术
公开(公告)号：US5635402A
公开(公告)日：1997-06-03
申请号：US236861
申请日：1994-04-29
申请人： Robert R. Alfano , Cheng H. Liu , Wei L. Sha , Yury Budansky
发明人： Robert R. Alfano , Cheng H. Liu , Wei L. Sha , Yury Budansky
IPC分类号： G01N21/64 , G01N33/50 , G01N33/52
CPC分类号： G01N33/5005 , G01N21/6428 , G01N33/52 , G01N2021/6421 , G01N2021/6423 , G01N2021/6484
摘要： A technique for determining whether a cell is malignant as opposed to non-malignant using extrinsic fluorescence spectroscopy. The technique is premised on the principle that certain fluorescent dyes preferentially stain malignant cells as opposed to non-malignant cells. Accordingly, by exposing a cell to the fluorescent dye, irradiating the cell with light of such a wavelength as to cause the dye to fluoresce, measuring the intensity of fluorescence at a wavelength indicative of fluorescence of the dye, and comparing the fluorescence intensity to standards obtained from malignant cells and non-malignant cells, it is possible for one to accurately classify the cell as being either malignant or non-malignant. The present invention also relates to an automated system which applies the principles of the aforementioned technique to depict the spatial distribution of cells within an area of a Pap smear-type sample and to characterize each of the cells as being malignant or non-malignant.
摘要翻译：使用外在荧光光谱法确定细胞是否恶性而不是非恶性的技术。该技术的前提是某些荧光染料优先染色恶性细胞而不是非恶性细胞。因此，通过将细胞暴露于荧光染料，用等于使染料发荧光的波长的光照射细胞，测量在表示染料荧光的波长处的荧光强度，并将荧光强度与标准物从恶性细胞和非恶性细胞获得，可以将细胞精确地分类为恶性或非恶性细胞。本发明还涉及一种自动化系统，其应用前述技术的原理来描绘巴氏涂片样品的区域内的细胞的空间分布，并将每个细胞表征为恶性或非恶性的。

15. 发明授权

US5131398A Method and apparatus for distinguishing cancerous tissue from benign tumor tissue, benign tissue or normal tissue using native fluorescence 失效
标题翻译：使用天然荧光鉴别癌组织与良性肿瘤组织，良性组织或正常组织的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US5131398A
公开(公告)日：1992-07-21
申请号：US468633
申请日：1990-01-22
申请人： Robert R. Alfano , Bidyut Das , Guichen Tang
发明人： Robert R. Alfano , Bidyut Das , Guichen Tang
IPC分类号： A61B5/00
CPC分类号： A61B5/0084 , A61B5/0071 , A61B5/0091 , A61B5/4312
摘要： A method and apparatus for distingishing cancerous tumors and tissue from benign tumors and tissue or normal tissue using native fluorescence. The tissue to be examined is excited with a beam of monochromatic light at 300 nanometers (nm). The intensity of the native fluorescence emitted from tissue is measured at 340 and 440 nm. The ratio of the two intensities is then calculated and used as a basis for determining if the tissue is cancerous as opposed to benign or normal. The invention is based on the discovery that when tissue is excited with monochromatic light at 300 nm, the native fluorescence spectrum over the region from about 320 nm to 600 nm is the tissue that is cancerous and substantially different from the native fluorescence spectrum that would result if the tissue is either benign or normal. The technique is useful in invivo and in vitro testing of human as well as animal tissue.
摘要翻译：使用天然荧光从良性肿瘤和组织或正常组织中分散癌性肿瘤和组织的方法和装置。待检查的组织用300纳米（nm）的单色光束激发。在340和440nm处测量从组织发出的天然荧光的强度。然后计算两个强度的比例，并将其用作确定组织是否为癌性而不是良性或正常的基础。本发明是基于以下发现：当组织被300nm的单色光激发时，在约320nm至600nm的区域上的天然荧光光谱是与天然荧光光谱相似的癌症和显着不同的组织如果组织是良性或正常的。该技术可用于人体和动物组织的体内和体外检测。

16. 发明授权

US5369496A Noninvasive method and apparatus for characterizing biological materials 失效
标题翻译：用于表征生物材料的非侵入性方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US5369496A
公开(公告)日：1994-11-29
申请号：US434799
申请日：1989-11-13
申请人： Robert R. Alfano , Kwong M. Yoo , Guichen Tang
发明人： Robert R. Alfano , Kwong M. Yoo , Guichen Tang
IPC分类号： G01N21/47 , G01N21/49
CPC分类号： G01N21/4738 , G01N21/49 , G01N2021/4797
摘要： Biological material is characterized by illuminating the material with a beam of light, measuring light scattered from the material and then determining the condition of the material using the measurements. In one embodiment the angular line shape of the backscattered light is measured and then used to determine the scattering mean free path (1) and the absorption length (la) of the light scattered in the material to find out the condition of the material. These values so obtained are compared to values for a material whose condition is normal to determine if the condition of the material being examined is abnormal or normal. In another embodiment the temporal profile of the scattered pulse is used to determine (1) and (1a). The apparatus includes a laser for illuminating a section of material to be characterized, a streak camera for detecting light scattered from the material, a video camera for imaging the output of the streak camera, a computer for processing the output of the video camera to determine (1) and (1a) and a monitor for displaying the results to determine if the condition of the material being examined is normal or abnormal.
摘要翻译：生物材料的特征在于用光束照射材料，测量从材料散射的光，然后使用测量确定材料的状态。在一个实施例中，测量后向散射光的角线形状，然后用于确定散射在材料中的光的散射平均自由程（1）和吸收长度（1a），以找出材料的状态。将如此获得的这些值与条件正常的材料的值进行比较，以确定被检查材料的状况是异常还是正常。在另一个实施例中，使用散射脉冲的时间分布来确定（1）和（1a）。该装置包括用于照射要表征的材料的一部分的激光器，用于检测从材料散射的光的条纹相机，用于对条纹相机的输出成像的摄像机，用于处理摄像机的输出的计算机，以确定（1）和（1a）以及用于显示结果以确定被检查材料的状况是正常还是异常的监视器。

17. 发明授权

US07706862B2 Detecting human cancer through spectral optical imaging using key water absorption wavelengths 失效
标题翻译：通过使用关键吸水波长的光谱成像检测人类癌症
公开(公告)号：US07706862B2
公开(公告)日：2010-04-27
申请号：US10926556
申请日：2004-08-26
申请人： Robert R. Alfano , Jamal H. Ali , Wubao Wang , Manuel Zevallos
发明人： Robert R. Alfano , Jamal H. Ali , Wubao Wang , Manuel Zevallos
IPC分类号： A61B6/00 , A61B5/00
CPC分类号： A61B5/0059 , A61B5/415 , A61B5/4381 , A61B5/7264
摘要： Spectral optical imaging at one or more key water absorption fingerprint wavelengths measures the difference in water content between a region of cancerous or precancerous tissue and a region of normal tissue. Water content is an important diagnostic parameter because cancerous and precancerous tissues have different water content than normal tissues. Key water absorption wavelengths include at least one of 980 nanometers (nm), 1195 nm, 1456 nm, 1944 nm, 2880 nm to 3360 nm, and 4720 nm. In the range of 400 nm to 6000 nm, one or more points of negligible water absorption are used as reference points for a comparison with one or more key neighboring water absorption wavelengths. Different images are generated using at least two wavelengths, including a water absorption wavelength and a negligible water absorption wavelength, to yield diagnostic information relevant for classifying a tissue region as cancerous, precancerous, or normal. The results of this comparison can be used to identify regions of cancerous tissue in organs such as the breast, cervix and prostate.
摘要翻译：一个或多个关键的吸水指纹波长的光谱成像测量癌变或癌前组织区域与正常组织区域之间的含水量差异。水含量是重要的诊断参数，因为癌和癌前组织的含水量比正常组织水分含量高。关键的吸水波长包括980纳米（nm），1195nm，1456nm，1944nm，2880nm至3360nm和4720nm中的至少一个。在400nm至6000nm的范围内，使用可忽略的吸水点的一个或多个点作为与一个或多个关键相邻吸水波长的比较的参考点。使用包括吸水波长和可忽略的吸水波长的至少两个波长产生不同的图像，以产生与将癌组织区域分类为癌，癌前或正常相关的诊断信息。该比较的结果可以用于识别器官如乳腺，子宫颈和前列腺中癌组织的区域。

18. 发明授权

US6091983A Imaging of objects in turbid media based upon the preservation of polarized luminescence emitted from contrast agents 失效
标题翻译：基于保存从造影剂发射的极化发光的物体在浑浊介质中成像
公开(公告)号：US6091983A
公开(公告)日：2000-07-18
申请号：US797027
申请日：1997-02-07
申请人： Robert R. Alfano , Stavros G. Demos , Wubao Wang
发明人： Robert R. Alfano , Stavros G. Demos , Wubao Wang
IPC分类号： A61B5/00
CPC分类号： A61B5/0091 , A61B5/4312 , A61B5/0059
摘要： A method and system for imaging an object in a turbid medium. According to one embodiment, the method involves (a) making the object luminescent by adding to the object a contrast agent of the type that emits at least partially polarized light when appropriately excited with polarized radiation; (b) exciting the luminescent object through the turbid medium with polarized radiation so as to cause luminescent light to be emitted from the luminescent object, the luminescent light initially being at least partially polarized; (c) after the luminescent light has emerged from the turbid medium, the luminescent light consisting of a ballistic component, a snake-like component and a diffuse component, detecting a pair of complementary polarization components of the luminescent light; and (d) forming an image of the object using the pair of complementary polarization components.
摘要翻译：用于对浑浊介质中的物体进行成像的方法和系统。根据一个实施例，该方法包括：（a）通过向对象添加当用偏振辐射适当地激发时发射至少部分偏振光的类型的造影剂来使物体发光; （b）通过具有偏振辐射的混浊介质激发发光物体，从而使发光从发光物体发射，发光光最初至少部分极化; （c）在从混浊介质出射发光后，检测出发光光的一对互补极化分量的由弹道成分，蛇状成分和扩散成分构成的发光; 和（d）使用该对互补偏振分量形成对象的图像。

19. 发明授权

US06280386B1 Apparatus for enhancing the visibility of a luminous object inside tissue and methods for same 失效
标题翻译：用于提高组织内发光物体的可视性的装置及其方法
公开(公告)号：US06280386B1
公开(公告)日：2001-08-28
申请号：US09098258
申请日：1998-06-16
申请人： Robert R. Alfano , Stavros G. Demos , Wubao Wang , Jamal Ali
发明人： Robert R. Alfano , Stavros G. Demos , Wubao Wang , Jamal Ali
IPC分类号： A61B500
CPC分类号： A61B5/0084 , A61B5/0071 , A61B5/0086 , A61B5/4312 , A61B5/4375 , A61B5/441
摘要： Imaging of objects within tissue is enhanced by applying a contrast agent to a sample to be imaged to augment the emissions from an object, thereby forming a luminous object. The tissue is then illuminated and two image signals are recorded. The contrast agent is selected to bind to the object and provide spectral characteristics significantly different from that of the tissue for the two recorded image signals. The two image signals are subtracted to substantially minimize an image component resulting from the tissue and enhance an image component from the luminous object. The imaging methods and apparatus are particularly well suited for medical imaging where the object is diseased tissue such as tumors.
摘要翻译：通过将对比剂施加到要成像的样品以增加物体的排放物从而形成发光物体来增强组织内物体的成像。然后照亮组织并记录两个图像信号。选择造影剂以结合对象并提供与两个记录的图像信号的组织显着不同的光谱特征。减去两个图像信号以基本上最小化由组织产生的图像分量并增强来自发光体的图像分量。成像方法和装置特别适用于物体是诸如肿瘤的病变组织的医学成像。

20. 发明申请

US20100317974A1 DETECTION OF VULNERABLE PLAQUES BY RAMAN SPECTROSCOPY 审中-公开
标题翻译：通过拉曼光谱法检测易受侵害的药品
公开(公告)号：US20100317974A1
公开(公告)日：2010-12-16
申请号：US12684739
申请日：2010-01-08
申请人： Robert R. Alfano , Cheng-Hui Liu , Wubao Wang , Vidyasagar Sriramoju
发明人： Robert R. Alfano , Cheng-Hui Liu , Wubao Wang , Vidyasagar Sriramoju
IPC分类号： A61B6/00
CPC分类号： A61B5/0075 , A61B5/0084 , A61B5/02007
摘要： An apparatus and method of use for detecting vulnerable plaque (VP) in arterial walls is provided. The method includes measuring whether the Raman spectrum of adipose (lipid) tissue signal is present in a Raman signal from aortic intimal wall tissue. The Raman vibration modes for VP are strong bands at about 1435 cm−1, about 2850 cm−1, and about 2892 cm−1 and will be present when the aortic intimal wall tissue is thin.
摘要翻译：提供了用于检测动脉壁中的易损斑块（VP）的装置和方法。该方法包括测量脂肪（脂质）组织信号的拉曼光谱是否存在于来自主动脉内膜壁组织的拉曼信号中。 VP的拉曼振动模式在约1435cm-1，约2850cm-1和约2892cm -1处是强带，并且当主动脉内膜壁组织较薄时将呈现。

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