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11. 发明授权

US09349102B2 Scalable traffic classifier and classifier training system 有权
标题翻译：可扩展流量分类器和分类器训练系统
公开(公告)号：US09349102B2
公开(公告)日：2016-05-24
申请号：US13620668
申请日：2012-09-14
申请人： Subhabrata Sen , Nicholas Duffield , Patrick Haffner , Jeffrey Erman , Yu Jin
发明人： Subhabrata Sen , Nicholas Duffield , Patrick Haffner , Jeffrey Erman , Yu Jin
IPC分类号： G06N99/00
CPC分类号： G06N99/005
摘要： A traffic classifier has a plurality of binary classifiers, each associated with one of a plurality of calibrators. Each calibrator trained to translate an output score of the associated binary classifier into an estimated class probability value using a fitted logistic curve, each estimated class probability value indicating a probability that the packet flow on which the output score is based belongs to the traffic class associated with the binary classifier associated with the calibrator. The classifier training system configured to generate a training data based on network information gained using flow and packet sampling methods. In some embodiments, the classifier training system configured to generate reduced training data sets, one for each traffic class, reducing the training data related to traffic not associated with the traffic class.
摘要翻译：流量分类器具有多个二进制分类器，每个二进制分类器与多个校准器之一相关联。每个校准器被训练成使用拟合的逻辑曲线将相关联的二进制分类器的输出得分转换成估计的类概率值，每个估计的类概率值指示输出得分所基于的分组流的概率属于相关联的流量类别与校准器相关联的二进制分类器。分类器训练系统被配置为基于使用流和分组采样方法获得的网络信息生成训练数据。在一些实施例中，分类器训练系统被配置为生成减少的训练数据集，每个业务类别一个，减少与业务类别不相关的业务相关的训练数据。

12. 发明授权

US08935188B2 Method and apparatus for classifying applications using the collective properties of network traffic in a traffic activity graph 有权
标题翻译：使用交通活动图中网络流量的集体属性对应用进行分类的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US08935188B2
公开(公告)日：2015-01-13
申请号：US12858303
申请日：2010-08-17
申请人： Nicholas Duffield , Patrick Haffner , Yu Jin , Subhabrata Sen , Zhi-Li Zhang
发明人： Nicholas Duffield , Patrick Haffner , Yu Jin , Subhabrata Sen , Zhi-Li Zhang
IPC分类号： G06F15/18 , G06F15/173 , H04L12/26 , H04L29/08
CPC分类号： H04L43/045 , H04L43/026 , H04L67/22
摘要： In one embodiment, the present disclosure is a method and apparatus for classifying applications using the collective properties of network traffic. In one embodiment, a method for classifying traffic in a communication network includes receiving a traffic activity graph, the traffic activity graph comprising a plurality of nodes interconnected by a plurality of edges, where each of the nodes represents an endpoint associated with the communication network and each of the edges represents traffic between a corresponding pair of the nodes, generating an initial set of inferences as to an application class associated with each of the edges, based on at least one measured statistic related to at least one traffic flow in the communication network, and refining the initial set of inferences based on a spatial distribution of the traffic flows, to produce a final traffic activity graph.
摘要翻译：在一个实施例中，本公开是用于使用网络业务的集合属性对应用进行分类的方法和装置。在一个实施例中，用于对通信网络中的业务进行分类的方法包括接收业务活动图，所述业务活动图包括由多个边缘互连的多个节点，其中每个节点表示与所述通信网络相关联的端点，每个边缘表示对应的一对节点之间的流量，基于与通信网络中的至少一个业务流相关的至少一个测量的统计量，生成关于与每个边缘相关联的应用类别的初始推断集合，并且基于业务流的空间分布来优化初始推理集合，以产生最终业务活动图。

13. 发明授权

US08195710B2 Method for summarizing data in unaggregated data streams 有权
标题翻译：用于汇总未分组数据流中的数据的方法
公开(公告)号：US08195710B2
公开(公告)日：2012-06-05
申请号：US12653831
申请日：2009-12-18
申请人： Edith Cohen , Nicholas Duffield , Haim Kaplan , Carsten Lund , Mikkel Thorup
发明人： Edith Cohen , Nicholas Duffield , Haim Kaplan , Carsten Lund , Mikkel Thorup
IPC分类号： G06F17/00
CPC分类号： H04L43/028 , H04L43/04
摘要： A method for producing a summary A of data points in an unaggregated data stream wherein the data points are in the form of weighted keys (a, w) where a is a key and w is a weight, and the summary is a sample of k keys a with adjusted weights wa. A first reservoir L includes keys having adjusted weights which are additions of weights of individual data points of included keys and a second reservoir T includes keys having adjusted weights which are each equal to a threshold value τ whose value is adjusted based upon tests of new data points arriving in the data stream. The summary combines the keys and adjusted weights of the first reservoir L with the keys and adjusted weights of the second reservoir T to form the sample representing the data stream upon which further analysis may be performed. The method proceeds by first merging new data points in the stream into the reservoir L until the reservoir contains k different keys and thereafter applying a series of tests to new arriving data points to determine what keys and weights are to be added to or removed the reservoirs L and T to provide a summary with a variance that approaches the minimum possible for aggregated data sets. The method is composable, can be applied to high speed data streams such as those found on the Internet, and can be implemented efficiently.
摘要翻译：一种用于产生未聚集数据流中的数据点的摘要A的方法，其中数据点是加权密钥（a，w）的形式，其中a是密钥，w是权重，并且摘要是k的样本键a与调整权重wa。第一储存器L包括具有调整权重的密钥，这些密钥是附加密钥的各个数据点的加权的加法，而第二储存器T包括具有调整的权重的密钥，其各自等于基于新数据的测试来调整其值的阈值τ 到达数据流的点。总结将第一储层L的密钥和调整的权重与密钥和第二储存器T的调整权重组合，以形成表示可以进行进一步分析的数据流的样本。该方法通过首先将流中的新数据点合并到储存器L中，直到储存器包含k个不同的密钥，然后对新的到达数据点应用一系列测试，以确定要添加到或移除存储器的哪些密钥和权重 L和T提供一个总结，其方差接近汇总数据集的最小可能性。该方法是可组合的，可以应用于诸如在因特网上发现的高速数据流，并且可以有效地实现。

14. 发明申请

US20110040706A1 SCALABLE TRAFFIC CLASSIFIER AND CLASSIFIER TRAINING SYSTEM 有权
标题翻译：可扩展的交通分类器和分类器培训系统
公开(公告)号：US20110040706A1
公开(公告)日：2011-02-17
申请号：US12539430
申请日：2009-08-11
申请人： Subhabrata Sen , Nicholas Duffield , Patrick Haffner , Jeffrey Erman , Yu Jin
发明人： Subhabrata Sen , Nicholas Duffield , Patrick Haffner , Jeffrey Erman , Yu Jin
IPC分类号： G06F15/18 , G06N5/02
CPC分类号： G06N99/005
摘要： A traffic classifier has a plurality of binary classifiers, each associated with one of a plurality of calibrators. Each calibrator trained to translate an output score of the associated binary classifier into an estimated class probability value using a fitted logistic curve, each estimated class probability value indicating a probability that the packet flow on which the output score is based belongs to the traffic class associated with the binary classifier associated with the calibrator. The classifier training system configured to generate a training data based on network information gained using flow and packet sampling methods. In some embodiments, the classifier training system configured to generate reduced training data sets, one for each traffic class, reducing the training data related to traffic not associated with the traffic class.
摘要翻译：流量分类器具有多个二进制分类器，每个二进制分类器与多个校准器之一相关联。每个校准器被训练成使用拟合的逻辑曲线将相关联的二进制分类器的输出得分转换成估计的类概率值，每个估计的类概率值指示输出得分所基于的分组流的概率属于相关联的流量类别与校准器相关联的二进制分类器。分类器训练系统被配置为基于使用流和分组采样方法获得的网络信息生成训练数据。在一些实施例中，分类器训练系统被配置为生成减少的训练数据集，每个业务类别一个，减少与业务类别不相关的业务相关的训练数据。

15. 发明申请

US20110013525A1 Indirect measurement methodology to infer routing changes using statistics of flow arrival processes 有权
标题翻译：使用统计流量到达过程来推断路由更改的间接测量方法
公开(公告)号：US20110013525A1
公开(公告)日：2011-01-20
申请号：US12460113
申请日：2009-07-14
申请人： Lee Breslau , Amogh Dhamdhere , Nicholas Duffield , Cheng Ee , Alexandre Gerber , Carsten Lund , Subhabrata Sen
发明人： Lee Breslau , Amogh Dhamdhere , Nicholas Duffield , Cheng Ee , Alexandre Gerber , Carsten Lund , Subhabrata Sen
IPC分类号： H04L12/26 , H04L12/56
CPC分类号： H04L43/18 , H04L43/062 , H04L45/70
摘要： Statistical methods are used to observe packet flow arrival processes and to infer routing changes from those observations. Packet flow arrivals are monitored using NetFlow or another packet flow monitoring arrangement. Packet flow arrivals are quantified by counting arrivals per unit time, or by measuring an inter-arrival time between flows. When a change in packet flow arrivals is determined to be statistically significant, a change in network routing protocol is reported.
摘要翻译：统计方法用于观察分组流到达过程，并从这些观察中推断出路由变化。使用NetFlow或另一个分组流监视装置来监视分组流到达。通过对每单位时间的到达时间进行计数，或通过测量流之间的到达之间的时间来量化分组流到达。当分组流到达的变化被确定为具有统计学意义时，报告了网络路由协议的变化。

16. 发明申请

US20100159931A1 System and Method for Inferring Wireless Trajectories in a Cellular Telephone Network 有权
标题翻译：用于在蜂窝电话网络中推断无线轨迹的系统和方法
公开(公告)号：US20100159931A1
公开(公告)日：2010-06-24
申请号：US12343877
申请日：2008-12-24
申请人： Alexandre Gerber , Nicholas Duffield , Robert Manzo , William Ramirez
发明人： Alexandre Gerber , Nicholas Duffield , Robert Manzo , William Ramirez
IPC分类号： H04W36/00
CPC分类号： H04W36/0083 , H04M15/00 , H04M15/8038 , H04M2215/204 , H04M2215/7442 , H04W4/24 , H04W24/08
摘要： A device includes a processor configured to determine a number of users in each of a plurality of wireless telephone cells of a trajectory in a wireless telephone network. The processor is also configured to determine handoff data between each adjacent pair of the wireless telephone cells, and to determine a first number of users traveling along the trajectory in the wireless telephone network while on a telephone call. The processor also calculates a total number of users associated with the trajectory in the wireless telephone network based on the handoff data between each adjacent pair of the wireless telephone cells, and based on the first number of users traveling along the trajectory while on the telephone call.
摘要翻译：一种设备包括处理器，其被配置为确定无线电话网络中的轨迹的多个无线电话单元中的每一个中的用户数量。处理器还被配置为确定每个相邻无线电话单元对之间的切换数据，并且确定在电话呼叫期间沿着无线电话网络中的轨迹行进的第一数量的用户。处理器还基于每个相邻无线电话单元对之间的切换数据，并且基于在电话呼叫期间沿着轨迹行进的第一数量的用户，计算与无线电话网络中的轨迹相关联的用户总数。

17. 发明申请

US20100150004A1 METHODS AND APPARATUS TO BOUND NETWORK TRAFFIC ESTIMATION ERROR FOR MULTISTAGE MEASUREMENT SAMPLING AND AGGREGATION 失效
标题翻译：方法和设备对多种测量采样和聚合的网络交通信息估计误差
公开(公告)号：US20100150004A1
公开(公告)日：2010-06-17
申请号：US12335074
申请日：2008-12-15
申请人： Nicholas Duffield , Carsten Lund , Mikkel Thorup , Edith Cohen
发明人： Nicholas Duffield , Carsten Lund , Mikkel Thorup , Edith Cohen
IPC分类号： G06F11/30
CPC分类号： H04L43/16 , H04L41/0681 , H04L41/12 , H04L43/02
摘要： Methods and apparatus to bound network traffic estimation error for multistage measurement sampling and aggregation are disclosed. An example method disclosed herein comprises determining a hierarchical sampling topology representative of multiple data sampling and aggregation stages, the hierarchical sampling topology comprising a plurality of nodes connected by a plurality of edges, each node corresponding to at least one of a data source and a data aggregation operation, and each edge corresponding to a data sampling operation characterized by a generalized sampling threshold, selecting a first generalized sampling threshold from a set of generalized sampling thresholds associated with a respective set of edges originating at a respective set of descendent nodes of a target node undergoing network traffic estimation, and transforming a measured sample of network traffic into a confidence interval for a network traffic estimate associated with the target node using the first generalized sampling threshold and an error parameter.
摘要翻译：公开了多级测量采样和聚合的绑定网络流量估计误差的方法和装置。本文公开的示例性方法包括确定表示多个数据采样和聚合阶段的分层采样拓扑，所述分层采样拓扑包括由多个边缘连接的多个节点，每个节点对应于数据源和数据中的至少一个并且每个边缘对应于由广义采样阈值表征的数据采样操作，从与源于目标的相应的一组后代节点的相应的一组边缘相关联的一组广义采样阈值中选择第一广义采样阈值节点进行网络流量估计，并且使用第一广义采样阈值和误差参数将网络流量的测量样本变换为与目标节点相关联的网络流量估计的置信区间。

18. 发明授权

US07437385B1 Methods and apparatus for detection of hierarchical heavy hitters 有权
标题翻译：用于检测分级重击锤的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US07437385B1
公开(公告)日：2008-10-14
申请号：US11042771
申请日：2005-01-24
申请人： Nicholas Duffield , Carsten Lund , Subhabrata Sen , Yin Zhang , Sumeet Singh
发明人： Nicholas Duffield , Carsten Lund , Subhabrata Sen , Yin Zhang , Sumeet Singh
IPC分类号： G06F17/00 , G06F7/00
CPC分类号： H04L63/1425 , H04L29/12801 , H04L61/6004 , H04L63/1441 , H04L63/1458 , Y10S707/99945 , Y10S707/99948
摘要： An efficient streaming method and apparatus for detecting hierarchical heavy hitters from massive data streams is disclosed. In one embodiment, the method enables near real time detection of anomaly behavior in networks.
摘要翻译：公开了一种用于从海量数据流检测分层重击打者的有效的流传输方法和装置。在一个实施例中，该方法能够近似实时地检测网络中的异常行为。

19. 发明授权

US08477772B2 System and method for determination of routing information in a network 有权
标题翻译：用于确定网络中路由信息的系统和方法
公开(公告)号：US08477772B2
公开(公告)日：2013-07-02
申请号：US12335868
申请日：2008-12-16
申请人： Alexandre Gerber , Lee Breslau , Subhabrata Sen , Nicholas Duffield , Carsten Lund , Cheng Ee , Amogh Dhamdhere
发明人： Alexandre Gerber , Lee Breslau , Subhabrata Sen , Nicholas Duffield , Carsten Lund , Cheng Ee , Amogh Dhamdhere
IPC分类号： H04L12/56
CPC分类号： H04L12/56 , H04L41/12 , H04L45/70
摘要： A system and method to use network flow records to generate information about changes in network routing and to understand the impact of these changes on network traffic. The inferences made can be determinative, if sufficient information is available. If sufficient information is not available to make determinative inferences, inferences may be made that narrow the range of possible changes that may have occurred to network traffic and the underlying network.
摘要翻译：一种使用网络流记录生成有关网络路由更改的信息并了解这些更改对网络流量的影响的系统和方法。如果有足够的信息可用，所做的推论可以是决定性的。如果没有足够的信息可用于作出决定性推论，可以推测可能缩小网络流量和底层网络可能发生的可能变化的范围。

20. 发明申请

US20120047096A1 METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR CLASSIFYING APPLICATIONS USING THE COLLECTIVE PROPERTIES OF NETWORK TRAFFIC 有权
标题翻译：使用网络交通的集合性质分类应用的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US20120047096A1
公开(公告)日：2012-02-23
申请号：US12858303
申请日：2010-08-17
申请人： Nicholas Duffield , Patrick Haffner , Yu Jin , Subhabrata Sen , Zhi-Li Zhang
发明人： Nicholas Duffield , Patrick Haffner , Yu Jin , Subhabrata Sen , Zhi-Li Zhang
IPC分类号： G06F15/18 , G06N3/08
CPC分类号： H04L43/045 , H04L43/026 , H04L67/22
摘要： In one embodiment, the present disclosure is a method and apparatus for classifying applications using the collective properties of network traffic. In one embodiment, a method for classifying traffic in a communication network includes receiving a traffic activity graph, the traffic activity graph comprising a plurality of nodes interconnected by a plurality of edges, where each of the nodes represents an endpoint associated with the communication network and each of the edges represents traffic between a corresponding pair of the nodes, generating an initial set of inferences as to an application class associated with each of the edges, based on at least one measured statistic related to at least one traffic flow in the communication network, and refining the initial set of inferences based on a spatial distribution of the traffic flows, to produce a final traffic activity graph.
摘要翻译：在一个实施例中，本公开是用于使用网络业务的集合属性对应用进行分类的方法和装置。在一个实施例中，用于对通信网络中的业务进行分类的方法包括接收业务活动图，所述业务活动图包括由多个边缘互连的多个节点，其中每个节点表示与所述通信网络相关联的端点，每个边缘表示对应的一对节点之间的流量，基于与通信网络中的至少一个业务流相关的至少一个测量的统计量，生成关于与每个边缘相关联的应用类别的初始推断集合，并且基于业务流的空间分布来优化初始推理集合，以产生最终业务活动图。

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