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11. 发明授权

US4681085A High condensing recuperative furnace 失效
公开(公告)号：US4681085A
公开(公告)日：1987-07-21
申请号：US900260
申请日：1986-08-25
申请人： Lawrence G. Clawson
发明人： Lawrence G. Clawson
IPC分类号： F24H1/00 , F24H1/41 , F24H3/06 , F24H8/00 , F24H3/02
CPC分类号： F24H1/0045 , F24H1/41 , F24H3/065 , F24H8/00 , Y02B30/102
摘要： A forced hot air furnace having a continuously wet recuperative heat exchanger. The recuperative heat exchanger is positioned in the hot air chamber at an upward incline from the firebox to the outside flue. Inclined positioning enables heat exchanger condensate to drain counter to combustion products. Condensate is collected in a reservoir located in the firebox. Combustion products flow over the reservoir thereby becoming elevated in dew point before entering the heat exchanger. Consequently, the amount of condensation formed in the heat exchanger is substantially increased over conventional heat exchangers. Condensate will form along the entire length of the heat exchanger resulting in all wet operation. In another embodiment, continuously wet operation is achieved without a water reservoir. In still another embodiment, the continuously wet recuperative heat exchanger is coupled to the output of a non-recuperative heat exchanger. In an alternate embodiment, a continuously wet recuperative heat exchanger is utilized to heat a liquid.

12. 发明授权

US4374540A Pneumatic transport and heat exchange systems 失效
公开(公告)号：US4374540A
公开(公告)日：1983-02-22
申请号：US076289
申请日：1979-09-07
申请人： Lester G. Massey , Lawrence G. Clawson , Andrew J. Syska
发明人： Lester G. Massey , Lawrence G. Clawson , Andrew J. Syska
IPC分类号： B01J8/18 , F23L15/04 , F28C3/12 , F28D19/02
CPC分类号： F23L15/04 , B01J8/1836 , F28C3/12 , F28D19/02 , B01J2208/00053 , B01J2208/0007 , B01J2208/00088 , B01J2208/00371 , B01J2208/00513 , Y02E20/348
摘要： Gas-solids transport and heat exchange techniques are disclosed wherein solid particulate material is circulated in a "figure 8" or a circular flow path for selective contact and/or direct heat exchange with gaseous media. The particulate material is introduced into streams of gaseous media at spaced locations in the flow path and subsequently separated from the gaseous streams following contact and/or heat exchange therewith. The gaseous streams are maintained separate from one another by loose packed bed columns of particulate material formed in the flow path and used to introduce the particulate material into the gaseous streams. The flow rate of the particulate material is regulated by the controlled biasing of particulate material from each of the columns thereof directly into the gaseous streams, and the particulate material is circulated solely through the use of the gaseous media and the force of gravity. The particulate material is circulated in cocurrent relationship with each of the gaseous streams in figure 8 flow path systems and, in circular flow path systems, the particulate material is circulated in cocurrent relationship with one of the gaseous streams and in countercurrent relationship with the other of the gaseous streams. In heat exchange applications, heat transfer between the streams of gaseous media is provided as a function of the flow rate of the particulate material and the relative flow rates of the streams of gaseous media.

13. 发明授权

US07434547B2 Fuel fired hydrogen generator 有权
标题翻译：燃油发电机
公开(公告)号：US07434547B2
公开(公告)日：2008-10-14
申请号：US11149962
申请日：2005-06-10
申请人： Lawrence G. Clawson
发明人： Lawrence G. Clawson
IPC分类号： F02B43/08
CPC分类号： C01B3/34 , C01B3/503 , C01B3/56 , C01B2203/0233 , C01B2203/0405 , C01B2203/043 , C01B2203/047 , C01B2203/0475 , C01B2203/0495 , C01B2203/066 , C01B2203/0811 , C01B2203/0822 , C01B2203/0827 , C01B2203/0866 , C01B2203/1241 , C01B2203/1294 , H01M8/04201 , H01M8/0618 , H01M8/0668 , Y02P20/128 , Y02P30/30 , Y10S123/12
摘要： A system for making and storing hydrogen comprises an IC engine, a thermal reactor to convert hydrocarbon fuels to reformate, and a separation means to separate the reformate into a hydrogen stream and a hydrogen depleted reformate stream. The hydrogen stream is compressed and stored. The hydrogen depleted reformate stream is split and sent to a thermal reactor and the IC engine. The IC engine drives the compressor for hydrogen as well as the compressor for the fuel inlet to the system. The described system and process achieves high efficiency in fuel conversion and hydrogen storage.
摘要翻译：用于制造和储存氢的系统包括IC发动机，用于将碳氢化合物燃料转化为重整产物的热反应器，以及将重整产物分离成氢气流和不含氢的重整产物流的分离装置。氢气流被压缩并储存。将耗尽氢的重整产物流分离并送入热反应器和IC发动机。 IC发动机驱动氢气压缩机以及用于系统的燃料入口的压缩机。所描述的系统和过程在燃料转化和储氢方面实现了高效率。

14. 发明授权

US06783742B2 Reactor for producing hydrogen from hydrocarbon fuels 有权
标题翻译：用于从碳氢燃料生产氢气的反应堆
公开(公告)号：US06783742B2
公开(公告)日：2004-08-31
申请号：US09872166
申请日：2001-06-01
申请人： Jeffrey M. Bentley , William L. Mitchell , Lawrence G. Clawson , James C. Cross, III
发明人： Jeffrey M. Bentley , William L. Mitchell , Lawrence G. Clawson , James C. Cross, III
IPC分类号： B01J802
CPC分类号： H01M8/0631 , B01J8/0411 , B01J8/0496 , B01J2208/00026 , B01J2208/00203 , B01J2208/00309 , B01J2208/00495 , C01B3/323 , C01B3/382 , C01B3/48 , C01B2203/0244 , C01B2203/0288 , C01B2203/066 , C01B2203/0844 , C01B2203/0883 , C01B2203/1011 , C01B2203/1035 , C01B2203/1041 , C01B2203/1047 , C01B2203/1052 , C01B2203/1064 , C01B2203/1076 , C01B2203/1082 , C01B2203/1094 , C01B2203/1217 , C01B2203/1235 , C01B2203/1276 , C01B2203/141 , C01B2203/142 , C01B2203/82 , Y02P20/52
摘要： A reformer for producing a hydrogen-rich gas includes a first zone, a second zone, a third zone, a fourth zone and a product gas collection space. The zones are sequentially adjacent. A flow path is provided for directing flow of a reaction stream in diverging directions from the first zone into the second zone, and continuing in the same general diverging directions through the second zone, third zone, and fourth zone. Directing the flow in diverging directions permits flow into and through a zone over more that just a single cross-sectional geometry of the zone or a single cross-section of the flow path transverse to the direction of flows. This configuration can be used to require a lower pressure for flowing the reaction stream so as to reduce the parasitic requirements of the reactor, and can also be used to increase throughput of the reactor.
摘要翻译：用于生产富氢气体的重整器包括第一区域，第二区域，第三区域，第四区域和产物气体收集空间。这些区域依次相邻。提供流动路径用于引导反射流的流动从发散方向从第一区进入第二区，并且沿相同的一般发散方向通过第二区，第三区和第四区。沿着发散方向引导流动允许流入和穿过区域，只有该区域的单个横截面几何形状或横向于流动方向的流动路径的单个横截面。该配置可用于要求较低的压力以使反应流流动，以便减少反应器的寄生要求，并且还可用于增加反应器的生产量。

15. 发明授权

US06207122B1 Method for converting hydrocarbon fuel into hydrogen gas and carbon dioxide 有权
标题翻译：将烃燃料转化为氢气和二氧化碳的方法
公开(公告)号：US06207122B1
公开(公告)日：2001-03-27
申请号：US09184615
申请日：1998-11-02
申请人： Lawrence G. Clawson , William L. Mitchell , Jeffrey M. Bentley , Johannes H. J. Thijssen
发明人： Lawrence G. Clawson , William L. Mitchell , Jeffrey M. Bentley , Johannes H. J. Thijssen
IPC分类号： C01B3118
CPC分类号： H01M8/0631 , B01J8/0278 , B01J8/0285 , B01J8/0465 , B01J8/0469 , B01J8/048 , B01J8/0492 , B01J8/0496 , B01J2208/00203 , B01J2208/0053 , B01J2208/00849 , C01B3/382 , C01B3/384 , C01B3/48 , C01B2203/0233 , C01B2203/0244 , C01B2203/0261 , C01B2203/0283 , C01B2203/0288 , C01B2203/0455 , C01B2203/0465 , C01B2203/0485 , C01B2203/0844 , C01B2203/0877 , C01B2203/0883 , C01B2203/1041 , C01B2203/1047 , C01B2203/1052 , C01B2203/1064 , C01B2203/1076 , C01B2203/1205 , C01B2203/1223 , C01B2203/1229 , C01B2203/1241 , C01B2203/1247 , C01B2203/1258 , C01B2203/1276 , C01B2203/141 , C01B2203/142 , C01B2203/80 , C01B2203/82 , H01M8/0612 , H01M2250/20 , Y02T90/32
摘要： A hydrocarbon fuel reforming method is disclosed suitable for producing synthesis hydrogen gas from reactions with hydrocarbons fuels, oxygen, and steam. A first mixture of an oxygen-containing gas and a first fuel is directed into a first tube 108 to produce a first reaction reformate. A second mixture of steam and a second fuel is directed into a second tube 116 annularly disposed about the first tube 108 to produce a second reaction reformate. The first and second reaction reformates are then directed into a reforming zone 144 and subject to a catalytic reforming reaction. In another aspect of the method, a first fuel is combusted with an oxygen-containing gas in a first zone 108 to produce a reformate stream, while a second fuel under steam reforming in a second zone 116. Heat energy from the first zone 108 is transferred to the second zone 116.
摘要翻译：公开了一种烃燃料重整方法，适用于通过与烃燃料，氧气和蒸汽的反应来生产合成氢气。将含氧气体和第一燃料的第一混合物引入第一管108以产生第一反应重整产物。蒸汽和第二燃料的第二混合物被引导到围绕第一管108环形设置的第二管116中以产生第二反应重整产物。然后将第一和第二反应重整产物导入重整区144并进行催化重整反应。在该方法的另一方面，第一燃料在第一区域108中与含氧气体一起燃烧以产生重整产物流，而第二燃料在第二区域116内在蒸汽重整下形成。来自第一区域108的热能为转移到第二区116。

16. 发明授权

US5203315A Gas convection oven with dual function burner 失效
标题翻译：带双功能燃烧器的气体对流烤箱
公开(公告)号：US5203315A
公开(公告)日：1993-04-20
申请号：US931750
申请日：1992-08-18
申请人： Lawrence G. Clawson , Edward R. Cook
发明人： Lawrence G. Clawson , Edward R. Cook
IPC分类号： F24C3/08 , F24C15/32
CPC分类号： F24C3/087 , F24C15/322
摘要： A gas convection oven having a radiant burner and fuel feeding apparatus which enables the single burner to be operated in either a broil mode or a bake mode. In the broil mode, the radiant burner is operated in conventional manner with the flame being held by an inner screen to heat the outer screen to a radiant luminous temperature. In the bake mode, forced air is injected into the burner by a fan thereby providing a leaner fuel-air mixture with higher velocity. As a result, the flame burns outside the outer screen of the burner with the outer screen serving as a flame holder. Therefore, hot combustion gases as produced while the outer screen remains non-luminous.
摘要翻译：一种具有辐射式燃烧器和燃料供给装置的气体对流烘箱，其能够使单个燃烧器以烘烤模式或烘烤模式操作。在烘烤模式中，辐射燃烧器以常规方式操作，其中火焰被内部屏幕保持，以将外部屏幕加热到辐射发光温度。在烘烤模式中，强制空气通过风扇注入燃烧器，从而提供具有较高速度的较稀的燃料 - 空气混合物。结果，火焰在外部屏幕作为火焰支架燃烧在燃烧器的外部屏幕外部。因此，在外部屏幕保持不发光时产生的热燃烧气体。

17. 发明授权

US5005383A Washing machine motor with high rotor resistance 失效
标题翻译：具有高转子电阻的洗衣机电机
公开(公告)号：US5005383A
公开(公告)日：1991-04-09
申请号：US478314
申请日：1990-02-12
申请人： Lawrence G. Clawson , Joseph R. Adamski
发明人： Lawrence G. Clawson , Joseph R. Adamski
IPC分类号： D06F37/30 , H02K17/08 , H02K17/16
CPC分类号： D06F37/304 , H02K17/08 , H02K17/165
摘要： A washing machine motor having a high resistance rotor to provide high starting torque and low starting current. The permanent split capacitor motor is linked by a speed reducer to the agitator, and a controller alternately reverses the drive direction of the motor to provide the agitator with a relatively high stroke rate such as 60 strokes per minute. In such application, the motor runs cooler than a conventional motor with low rotor resistance because the frequency of starts is high, and, notwithstanding the fact that a high rotor resistance motor is inefficient at running speed, the high rotor resistance motor generates less heat in the critical thermal loading start-up mode.
摘要翻译：一种具有高电阻转子的洗衣机电动机，以提供高起动转矩和低启动电流。永磁分离电容器电动机通过减速器与搅拌器连接，并且控制器交替地反转电动机的驱动方向，以使搅拌器具有相对较高的冲程速率，例如每分钟60冲程。在这种应用中，由于启动频率高，所以电动机比具有低转子电阻的常规电动机运行得更冷，并且尽管高转子电动机电机在运行速度方面效率不高，但高转子电阻电动机产生较少的热量关键的热负荷启动模式。

18. 发明授权

US07066973B1 Integrated reformer and shift reactor 有权
标题翻译：综合改质器和换档反应器
公开(公告)号：US07066973B1
公开(公告)日：2006-06-27
申请号：US09562787
申请日：2000-05-02
申请人： Jeffrey M. Bentley , Lawrence G. Clawson , William L. Mitchell , Matthew H. Dorson
发明人： Jeffrey M. Bentley , Lawrence G. Clawson , William L. Mitchell , Matthew H. Dorson
IPC分类号： B01J8/02 , B01J8/04
CPC分类号： B01J8/0469 , B01J8/0465 , B01J8/048 , B01J8/0488 , B01J8/0496 , B01J19/0046 , B01J2208/00203 , B01J2208/0053 , B01J2208/00849 , C01B3/382 , C01B3/48 , C01B2203/0244 , C01B2203/0288 , C01B2203/044 , C01B2203/045 , C01B2203/047 , C01B2203/0485 , C01B2203/066 , C01B2203/0894 , C01B2203/1058 , C01B2203/1229 , C01B2203/1235 , C01B2203/127 , C01B2203/1276 , C01B2203/146 , C01B2203/1604 , C01B2203/1614 , C01B2203/1685 , C01B2203/169 , C01B2203/82
摘要： A hydrocarbon fuel reformer for producing diatomic hydrogen gas is disclosed. The reformer includes a first reaction vessel, a shift reactor vessel annularly disposed about the first reaction vessel, including a first shift reactor zone, and a first helical tube disposed within the first shift reactor zone having an inlet end communicating with a water supply source. The water supply source is preferably adapted to supply liquid-phase water to the first helical tube at flow conditions sufficient to ensure discharge of liquid-phase and steam-phase water from an outlet end of the first helical tube. The reformer may further include a first catalyst bed disposed in the first shift reactor zone, having a low-temperature shift catalyst in contact with the first helical tube. The catalyst bed includes a plurality of coil sections disposed in coaxial relation to other coil sections and to the central longitudinal axis of the reformer, each coil section extending between the first and second ends, and each coil section being in direct fluid communication with at least one other coil section.
摘要翻译：公开了一种用于生产双原子氢气的碳氢化合物燃料重整器。重整器包括第一反应容器，围绕第一反应容器环状设置的换档反应器容器，包括第一变换反应器区，以及布置在第一变换反应器区内的第一螺旋管，其具有与供水源连通的入口端。供水源优选地适于在足以确保从第一螺旋管的出口端排出液相和蒸汽相水的流动条件下向第一螺旋管供应液相水。重整器还可以包括设置在第一变换反应器区中的第一催化剂床，其具有与第一螺旋管接触的低温变换催化剂。催化剂床包括多个线圈段，其设置成与其它线圈段和重整器的中心纵向轴线同轴，每个线圈段在第一和第二端之间延伸，并且每个线圈段至少直接流体连通另一个线圈部分。

19. 发明授权

US06817182B2 High-efficiency Otto cycle engine with power generating expander 失效
标题翻译：高效率奥托循环发动机，带发电机组
公开(公告)号：US06817182B2
公开(公告)日：2004-11-16
申请号：US10309779
申请日：2002-12-04
申请人： Lawrence G. Clawson
发明人： Lawrence G. Clawson
IPC分类号： F02B4702
CPC分类号： F02M31/16 , C01B3/384 , C01B2203/0227 , C01B2203/0811 , C01B2203/84 , F01N5/02 , F02B1/04 , F02B3/06 , F02B33/443 , F02B37/00 , F02B41/00 , F02B43/10 , F02B47/02 , F02B2075/027 , F02G5/02 , F02M25/0224 , F02M25/035 , F02M27/02 , F02M31/093 , Y02E20/14 , Y02P20/129 , Y02T10/12 , Y02T10/121 , Y02T10/126 , Y02T10/14 , Y02T10/16 , Y02T10/166 , Y02T10/32
摘要： High-efficiency combustion engines, including Otto cycle engines, use a steam-diluted fuel charge at elevated pressure. Air is compressed, and water is evaporated into the compressed air via the partial pressure effect using waste heat from the engine. The resultant pressurized air-steam mixture then burned in the engine with fuel, preferably containing hydrogen to maintain flame front propagation. The high-pressure, steam-laden engine exhaust is used to drive an expander to provide additional mechanical power. The exhaust can also be used to reform fuel to provide hydrogen for the engine combustion. The engine advantageously uses the partial pressure effect to convert low-grade waste heat from engine into useful mechanical power. The engine is capable of high efficiencies (e.g. >50%), with minimal emissions.
摘要翻译：包括奥托循环发动机在内的高效内燃机在高压下使用蒸汽稀释的燃料。空气被压缩，并且通过使用来自发动机的废热的分压效应将水蒸发到压缩空气中。所得到的加压空气 - 蒸汽混合物随后用燃料在发动机中燃烧，优选地含有氢气以保持火焰正面传播。高压，蒸汽的发动机排气用于驱动膨胀机以提供额外的机械动力。废气还可用于改造燃料以提供用于发动机燃烧的氢气。发动机有利地使用分压效应将来自发动机的低等级废热转化为有用的机械动力。发动机能够实现高效率（例如> 50％），排放最少。

20. 发明授权

US5097802A Condensing furnace with submerged combustion 失效
标题翻译：冷凝炉具有浸没式燃烧
公开(公告)号：US5097802A
公开(公告)日：1992-03-24
申请号：US621141
申请日：1990-11-30
申请人： Lawrence G. Clawson
发明人： Lawrence G. Clawson
IPC分类号： F22B1/26 , F24H1/10
CPC分类号： F24H1/0045 , F22B1/26 , F24H1/107
摘要： A high efficiency furnace having a substantially continuous wet heat exchanger wherein such continuous wet operation is provided by raising the dew point of the combustion products by submerged combustion before introduction into said head exchanger. That is, a water holding reservoir is provided between the burner and the heat exchanger, and condensate flows from the heat exchanger back into the reservoir. The combustion products are drawn through the water in the reservoir by providing a partition having a submerged lower portion, and providing a pressure differential between the chambers on the two sides of the partition. The submerged passageway from one chamber to the other may preferably be a serrated bottom edge on the partition or a plurality of apertures in the partition. The pressure differential may be provided by using a combustion blower or alternatively, using an induced draft blower preferably disposed at the flue end of the heat exchanger. Also provided is a controller that continues to activate the blower for a predetermined time period after the fuel is shut off to the burner so that the heat exchanger is flushed with pure water condensate at the end of a burning cycle.
摘要翻译：一种具有基本上连续的湿式热交换器的高效率炉，其中通过在引入所述头部热交换器之前通过浸没燃烧提高燃烧产物的露点来提供这种连续的湿式操作。也就是说，在燃烧器和热交换器之间设置储水容器，并且冷凝物从热交换器返回到储存器中。燃烧产物通过提供具有浸没下部的分隔件并在分隔壁的两侧的室之间提供压力差而被抽吸在储存器中的水中。从一个室到另一个室的浸没通道可优选地是分隔件上的锯齿形底部边缘或隔板中的多个孔。压差可以通过使用燃烧鼓风机或替代地使用优选地设置在热交换器的烟道端处的感应式送风机来提供。还提供了一种控制器，其在将燃料切断到燃烧器之后继续激活鼓风机预定的时间段，使得热交换器在燃烧循环结束时用纯水冷凝物冲洗。

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