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11. 发明授权

US06614861B1 Method and apparatus for higher dimensional modulation 有权
标题翻译：用于更高维度调制的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US06614861B1
公开(公告)日：2003-09-02
申请号：US09474497
申请日：1999-12-29
申请人： John Terry , Steven D. Gray
发明人： John Terry , Steven D. Gray
IPC分类号： H04B710
CPC分类号： H04L27/3416 , H04B7/0669 , H04L1/0618 , H04L27/2627
摘要： An M-ary signal constellation within an N-dimensional space is defined, preferably such that each of the M symbols reside upon the surface of an N-dimensional sphere and such that a minimum distance between symbols is maximized. N orthogonal functions are used as the bases for representing the N-dimensional symbols for transmission. Orthogonal functions exhibiting orthogonality in frequency, time and/or space are also described for this purpose. Furthermore, conventional QAM symbol encoding may be used to represent the N-dimensional symbols, thereby facilitating the use of conventional modulation techniques. In this manner, higher dimensional modulation schemes may be realized.
摘要翻译：定义N维空间内的M元信号星座，优选地使得M个符号中的每一个驻留在N维球体的表面上，并且使得符号之间的最小距离最大化。 N个正交函数用作表示用于传输的N维符号的基础。为此也描述了在频率，时间和/或空间中呈现正交性的正交函数。此外，常规QAM符号编码可以用于表示N维符号，从而有助于使用常规调制技术。以这种方式，可以实现更高维度的调制方案。

12. 发明授权

US06486274B1 Hydrogen response Ziegler-Natta catalyst for narrowing MWD of polyolefin, method of making, method of using, and polyolefins made therewith 有权
标题翻译：用于使聚烯烃的MWD变窄的齐格勒 - 纳塔催化剂，制造方法，使用方法和由此制成的聚烯烃
公开(公告)号：US06486274B1
公开(公告)日：2002-11-26
申请号：US09687688
申请日：2000-10-13
申请人： Steven D. Gray , Tim J. Coffy
发明人： Steven D. Gray , Tim J. Coffy
IPC分类号： C08F4614
CPC分类号： C08F10/00 , C08F4/6567 , C08F4/6557
摘要： A Ziegler-Natta type catalyst having an improved hydrogen response provides for narrowing of the MWD of resulting polyolefins polymerized using such catalyst, with such catalyst generally made by a) contacting a soluble magnesium dialkoxide compound of the general formula Mg(OR″)2 with a halogenating agent capable of exchanging one halogen for one alkoxide to form a reaction product A, where R″ is a hydrocarbyl or substituted hydrocarbyl having from 1 to 20 carbon atoms; b) contacting reaction product A with a first halogenating/titanating agent to form reaction product B; and c) contacting reaction product B with a second halogenating/titanating agent to form a catalyst component; wherein in at least one of steps b) and c), the halogenating/titanating agent is a blend of Ti(OPr)4 and TiCl4. Catalyst components, catalysts, catalyst systems, polyolefin polymers, and methods of forming each are disclosed.
摘要翻译：具有改善的氢气响应的齐格勒 - 纳塔型催化剂使得使用这种催化剂聚合的所得聚烯烃的MWD变窄，通常用以下方法制备的催化剂：a）使通式Mg（OR“）2的可溶性二烷氧基镁化合物与一种能够与一个卤素交换一个醇盐形成反应产物A的卤化剂，其中R“是具有1至20个碳原子的烃基或取代的烃基; b）使反应产物A与第一卤化/钛化剂接触以形成反应产物B; 和c）使反应产物B与第二卤化/钛化剂接触以形成催化剂组分; 其中在步骤b）和c）中的至少一个中，卤化/钛化剂是Ti（OPr）4和TiCl 4的共混物。公开了催化剂组分，催化剂，催化剂体系，聚烯烃聚合物和各种形成方法。

13. 发明授权

US09074133B2 Thermotropic liquid crystalline polymer with improved low shear viscosity 有权
标题翻译：具有改进的低剪切粘度的热致变液晶聚合物
公开(公告)号：US09074133B2
公开(公告)日：2015-07-07
申请号：US13594910
申请日：2012-08-27
申请人： Kamlesh P. Nair , Steven D. Gray
发明人： Kamlesh P. Nair , Steven D. Gray
IPC分类号： C09K19/22 , C09K19/38 , C09K19/34 , C09K19/32 , C09K19/30 , C08L77/12 , C09K19/48 , C09K19/04
CPC分类号： C09K19/22 , C08L77/12 , C09K19/3086 , C09K19/322 , C09K19/3444 , C09K19/3809 , C09K19/48 , C09K2019/0481 , C08L77/10
摘要： A thermotropic liquid crystalline polymer melt polymerized in the presence of a viscosity modifier that can help increase the “low shear” viscosity of the resulting composition is provided. The increased “low shear” viscosity can minimize drooling of the polymer composition during processing and also allow it to possess a greater melt strength, which facilitates its ability to be processed in a wide variety of applications without losing its physical integrity. Despite having a relatively high “low shear” viscosity, the present inventors have discovered that the viscosity modifier does not substantially increase the “high shear” melt viscosity of the polymer composition. In this regard, the ratio of the “low shear” viscosity to the melt viscosity is generally very high, such as within a range of from about 50 to about 1000.
摘要翻译：提供了在粘度调节剂存在下熔融聚合的热致液晶聚合物，其可以帮助提高所得组合物的“低剪切”粘度。增加的“低剪切”粘度可以最小化加工过程中聚合物组合物的流失，并且还允许其具有更大的熔体强度，这有助于其在各种应用中被处理的能力而不损失其物理完整性。尽管具有相对高的“低剪切”粘度，但是本发明人已经发现，粘度调节剂基本上不增加聚合物组合物的“高剪切”熔体粘度。在这方面，“低剪切”粘度与熔体粘度的比例通常非常高，例如在约50至约1000的范围内。

14. 发明授权

US09051514B2 High flow liquid crystalline polymer composition 有权
标题翻译：高流动性液晶聚合物组合物
公开(公告)号：US09051514B2
公开(公告)日：2015-06-09
申请号：US13594900
申请日：2012-08-27
申请人： Kamlesh P. Nair , Joseph J. Grenci , Sayanti Basu , Steven D. Gray
发明人： Kamlesh P. Nair , Joseph J. Grenci , Sayanti Basu , Steven D. Gray
IPC分类号： C09K19/54 , C09K19/32 , C09K19/30 , C08L77/12 , C09K19/38 , C09K19/22 , C09K19/34 , C09K19/48 , C09K19/04
CPC分类号： C09K19/22 , C08L77/12 , C09K19/3086 , C09K19/322 , C09K19/3444 , C09K19/3809 , C09K19/48 , C09K2019/0481
摘要： A liquid crystalline polymer composition that contains a liquid crystalline polymer and an aromatic amide oligomer is provided. The oligomer can serve as a flow aid by altering intermolecular polymer chain interactions, thereby lowering the overall viscosity of the polymer matrix under shear. The oligomer is also not easily volatized or decomposed during compounding, molding, and/or use, which minimizes off-gassing and the formation of blisters that would otherwise impact the final mechanical properties of a part made from the polymer composition. While providing the benefits noted, the aromatic amide oligomer does not generally react with the polymer backbone of the liquid crystalline polymer to any appreciable extent so that the mechanical properties of the polymer are not adversely impacted.
摘要翻译：提供含有液晶聚合物和芳香族酰胺低聚物的液晶聚合物组合物。通过改变分子间聚合物链相互作用，低聚物可以用作流动助剂，从而降低聚合物基体在剪切下的总粘度。低聚物在复合，模制和/或使用期间也不容易挥发或分解，这最小化气泡的脱气和形成，否则会影响由聚合物组合物制成的部件的最终机械性能。在提供所提及的优点的同时，芳族酰胺低聚物通常不会与液晶聚合物的聚合物主链反应任何明显的程度，使得聚合物的机械性能不会受到不利影响。

15. 发明授权

US08778221B2 Aromatic amide compound 有权
标题翻译：芳香族酰胺化合物
公开(公告)号：US08778221B2
公开(公告)日：2014-07-15
申请号：US13594916
申请日：2012-08-27
申请人： Kamlesh P. Nair , Steven D. Gray
发明人： Kamlesh P. Nair , Steven D. Gray
IPC分类号： C09K19/38 , C09K19/54 , C07C233/65 , C07C233/80 , C07C231/02
CPC分类号： C07C233/80 , C07C231/02 , C08K5/20 , C08L77/12 , C09K19/22 , C09K19/38 , C09K19/54 , C09K2019/0481
摘要： An aromatic amide compound having the following general formula (I) is provided: wherein, X1 and X2 are independently C(O)HN or NHC(O); G1, G2 and G3 are independently hydrogen, C(O)HN-phenyl, or NHC(O)-phenyl, wherein at least one of G1, G2 and G3 is C(O)HN-phenyl or NHC(O)-phenyl; Q1, Q2, and Q3 are independently hydrogen, C(O)HN-phenyl, or NHC(O)-phenyl, wherein at least one of Q1, Q2, and Q3 is C(O)HN-phenyl or NHC(O)-phenyl; R5 is halo, haloalkyl, alkyl, alkenyl, aryl, heteroaryl, cycloalkyl, or heterocyclyl; and m is from 0 to 4.
摘要翻译：提供具有以下通式（I）的芳族酰胺化合物：其中，X 1和X 2独立地为C（O）HN或NHC（O）; G1，G2和G3独立地是氢，C（O）HN-苯基或NHC（O） - 苯基，其中G1，G2和G3中的至少一个是C（O）HN-苯基或NHC（O） ; Q1，Q2和Q3独立地是氢，C（O）HN-苯基或NHC（O） - 苯基，其中Q1，Q2和Q3中的至少一个是C（O）HN-苯基或NHC（O）苯基; R5是卤素，卤代烷基，烷基，烯基，芳基，杂芳基，环烷基或杂环基; m为0〜4。

16. 发明申请

US20130062558A1 Cast Molded Parts Formed from a Liquid Crystalline Polymer 有权
标题翻译：由液晶聚合物形成的铸造件
公开(公告)号：US20130062558A1
公开(公告)日：2013-03-14
申请号：US13594923
申请日：2012-08-27
申请人： Kamlesh P. Nair , Steven D. Gray , Joseph J. Grenci
发明人： Kamlesh P. Nair , Steven D. Gray , Joseph J. Grenci
IPC分类号： C09K19/54 , B29C39/00
CPC分类号： C09K19/54 , B29C39/006 , C08K5/20 , C08K5/34922 , C08L77/12 , C09K19/22 , C09K19/3086 , C09K19/322 , C09K19/3444 , C09K19/48 , C09K2019/0481
摘要： A molded part having a predetermined shape is provided. The molded part may be formed by casting a liquid crystalline polymer composition into a mold cavity at a relatively low shear rate. Due to the use of a relatively low shear rate, the polymer composition does not generally undergo extensive shear orientation, which can allow the resulting part to be further processed using standard finishing techniques. The ability to use relatively low shear rates during casting is achieved in the present invention through the use of an aromatic amide oligomer. More particularly, the present inventors have discovered that the aromatic amide oligomer can serve as a flow aid by altering intermolecular polymer chain interactions, thereby lowering the overall viscosity of the polymer matrix to “ultralow” levels without having a significant impact on the mechanical properties.
摘要翻译：提供具有预定形状的模制件。模制部件可以通过将液晶聚合物组合物以相对低的剪切速率浇铸到模腔中而形成。由于使用相对低的剪切速率，聚合物组合物通常不经受广泛的剪切取向，这可以允许使用标准精整技术进一步处理所得到的部分。在本发明中通过使用芳族酰胺低聚物实现了在铸造过程中使用相对低的剪切速率的能力。更具体地，本发明人已经发现，通过改变分子间聚合物链相互作用，芳族酰胺低聚物可以用作流动助剂，从而将聚合物基体的总体粘度降低到超低水平，而不会对机械性能产生显着的影响。

17. 发明申请

US20130048910A1 Thermotropic Liquid Crystalline Polymer with Improved Low Shear Viscosity 有权
标题翻译：具有改进的低剪切粘度的热致变液晶聚合物
公开(公告)号：US20130048910A1
公开(公告)日：2013-02-28
申请号：US13594910
申请日：2012-08-27
申请人： Kamlesh P. Nair , Steven D. Gray
发明人： Kamlesh P. Nair , Steven D. Gray
IPC分类号： C09K19/54
CPC分类号： C09K19/22 , C08L77/12 , C09K19/3086 , C09K19/322 , C09K19/3444 , C09K19/3809 , C09K19/48 , C09K2019/0481 , C08L77/10
摘要： A thermotropic liquid crystalline polymer melt polymerized in the presence of a viscosity modifier that can help increase the “low shear” viscosity of the resulting composition is provided. The increased “low shear” viscosity can minimize drooling of the polymer composition during processing and also allow it to possess a greater melt strength, which facilitates its ability to be processed in a wide variety of applications without losing its physical integrity. Despite having a relatively high “low shear” viscosity, the present inventors have discovered that the viscosity modifier does not substantially increase the “high shear” melt viscosity of the polymer composition. In this regard, the ratio of the “low shear” viscosity to the melt viscosity is generally very high, such as within a range of from about 50 to about 1000.
摘要翻译：提供了在粘度调节剂存在下熔融聚合的热致液晶聚合物，其可有助于提高所得组合物的低剪切粘度。增加的低剪切粘度可以最小化加工过程中聚合物组合物的流失，并且还允许其具有更大的熔体强度，这有助于其在各种应用中被处理的能力而不丧失其物理完整性。尽管具有相对较高的低剪切粘度，但是本发明人已经发现，粘度调节剂基本上不增加聚合物组合物的高剪切熔体粘度。在这方面，低剪切粘度与熔体粘度的比率通常非常高，例如在约50至约1000的范围内。

18. 发明申请

US20110183097A1 POLYETHYLENE MATERIALS PREPARED USING MIXED ZIEGLER-NATTA CATALYST SYSTEMS 审中-公开
标题翻译：使用混合的ZIEGLER-NATTA催化剂体系制备的聚乙烯材料
公开(公告)号：US20110183097A1
公开(公告)日：2011-07-28
申请号：US13082452
申请日：2011-04-08
申请人： Vincent Barre , Kayo Vizzini , Steven D. Gray
发明人： Vincent Barre , Kayo Vizzini , Steven D. Gray
IPC分类号： B32B1/08 , C08F4/648 , C08F110/02 , C08F2/01 , B29C47/00
CPC分类号： C08F110/02 , C08F10/00 , C08F2410/04 , Y02P20/52 , Y10T428/139 , C08F2/00 , C08F4/6546 , C08F4/025 , C08F4/022 , C08F4/6557 , C08F2500/18 , C08F2500/12
摘要： A polyethylene may be prepared using a mixture of a silica supported catalyst and a magnesium chloride supported catalyst. By changing the ratio of the two catalysts, the polyethylene produced may have a varying bulk density and shear response. The method allows for the tuning or targeting of properties to fit a specific application, such as a blow molding or vapor barrier film.
摘要翻译：可以使用二氧化硅负载的催化剂和负载氯化镁的催化剂的混合物制备聚乙烯。通过改变两种催化剂的比例，所生产的聚乙烯可能具有变化的体积密度和剪切响应。该方法允许调整或定位特性以适应特定应用，例如吹塑或蒸气阻隔膜。

19. 发明申请

US20090023875A1 Process for Controlling Morphology of Ziegler-Natta Catalysts 失效
标题翻译：控制齐格勒 - 纳塔催化剂形态的方法
公开(公告)号：US20090023875A1
公开(公告)日：2009-01-22
申请号：US11778262
申请日：2007-07-16
申请人： Kayo Vizzini , Henry Enriquez , Steven D. Gray , Tim J. Coffy , David W. Knoeppel
发明人： Kayo Vizzini , Henry Enriquez , Steven D. Gray , Tim J. Coffy , David W. Knoeppel
IPC分类号： B01J37/03 , C08F4/12
CPC分类号： C08F10/00 , C08F210/16 , Y10T428/1345 , Y10T428/139 , C08F4/6546 , C08F4/6541
摘要： Disclosed is a process for making a Ziegler-Natta catalyst having controlled particle size and distribution. It comprises altering the precipitation of a catalyst component from a catalyst synthesis solution including a soluble magnesium containing catalyst precursor by controlling the concentration of either the soluble magnesium containing catalyst precursor, wherein the average particle size of the catalyst component is increased, and the particle size distribution increased, with a decreased concentration of the soluble magnesium containing catalyst precursor; or of the precipitating agent, wherein the average particle size of the catalyst component is increased, and the particle size distribution increased with an increased concentration of the precipitating agent. Use of the invention enables improved catalyst consistency regardless of production scale and customizing of catalyst morphology to desired polymer morphology. The novel catalyst components may be used to prepare polymers, and end-use articles therefrom, having desirable properties. It is emphasized that this abstract is provided to comply with the rules requiring an abstract which will allow a searcher or other reader to quickly ascertain the subject matter of the technical disclosure. It is submitted with the understanding that it will not be used to interpret or limit the scope or meaning of the claims.
摘要翻译：公开了一种制备具有受控粒度和分布的齐格勒 - 纳塔催化剂的方法。其包括通过控制可溶性含镁催化剂前体的浓度来改变催化剂组分从包括可溶性镁的催化剂前体的催化剂合成溶液中的沉淀，其中催化剂组分的平均粒径增加，并且颗粒尺寸分布增加，可溶性含镁催化剂前体的浓度降低; 或沉淀剂，其中催化剂组分的平均粒度增加，并且随着沉淀剂浓度的增加，粒度分布增加。使用本发明能够改善催化剂的一致性，而不管生产规模如何，催化剂形态定制成所需的聚合物形态。新颖的催化剂组分可用于制备聚合物及其最终用途制品，具有期望的性能。要强调的是，该摘要被提供以符合要求摘要的规则，这将允许搜索者或其他读者快速确定技术公开的主题。提交它的理解是，它不会用于解释或限制权利要求的范围或含义。

20. 发明申请

US20080153998A1 MODIFIED CATALYSTS FOR IMPROVED POLYMER PROPERTIES 审中-公开
标题翻译：改进的聚合物性质的改性催化剂
公开(公告)号：US20080153998A1
公开(公告)日：2008-06-26
申请号：US11613766
申请日：2006-12-20
申请人： Ricky McCormick , David W. Knoeppel , Steven D. Gray , Tim J. Coffy
发明人： Ricky McCormick , David W. Knoeppel , Steven D. Gray , Tim J. Coffy
IPC分类号： B01J31/14 , C08F4/22 , B01J21/02 , B01J21/08
CPC分类号： B01J31/143 , B01J23/26 , B01J31/146 , C08F10/00 , C08F210/16 , C08F2410/01 , C08F4/69 , C08F210/06 , C08F2500/12 , C08F2500/19 , C08F2500/04
摘要： Chromium catalysts may be prepared using a process including contacting a chromium catalyst precursor with a treatment agent. This catalyst may be used for polymerization of a variety of monomers, particularly olefins, to form polymers for a wide variety of applications. The catalyst exhibits desirable activity rates and polymers produced therewith may exhibit improved melt flow, polydisperity values, and changes in shear thinning as compared to those prepared under similar conditions but using the same treatment agent as a cocatalyst instead.
摘要翻译：可以使用包括使铬催化剂前体与处理剂接触的方法来制备铬催化剂。该催化剂可用于各种单体，特别是烯烃的聚合，以形成用于各种应用的聚合物。催化剂表现出所需的活性速率，与之相比，使用与助催化剂相同的处理剂，与在相似条件下制备的那些相比，可以显示改善的熔体流动性，多不连续性值和剪切稀化变化。

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