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    • 13. 发明申请
    • Grating-based sensor combining label-free binding detection and fluorescence amplification and readout system for sensor
    • 光栅传感器结合无标签结合检测和荧光放大和传感器读出系统
    • US20100003743A1
    • 2010-01-07
    • US12387391
    • 2009-04-30
    • Stephen C. SchulzBrian T. CunninghamLance G. LaingPeter Y. LiBrant BinderGangadhar JogikalmathAlex Borsody
    • Stephen C. SchulzBrian T. CunninghamLance G. LaingPeter Y. LiBrant BinderGangadhar JogikalmathAlex Borsody
    • C12M1/34
    • G01N21/648G01N21/552G01N21/6428G01N21/7743Y10S435/808Y10S436/805Y10T436/143333
    • A grating-based sensor is disclosed that has a grating structure constructed and designed for both evanescent resonance (ER) fluorescence detection and label-free detection applications. Some embodiments are disclosed which are optimized for ER detection in an air mode, in which the sample is dry. Other embodiments are optimized for ER detection in liquid mode, in which the sample is suspended in liquid medium such as water. One and two-dimensional gratings are also disclosed, including gratings characterized by unit cells with central posts, central holes, and two-level, two-dimensional gratings. A readout system for such sensors is also disclosed. One embodiment includes a first light source optimized for collecting label-free detection data, a second light source optimized for collecting ER fluorescence amplification data, and at least one detector. In one embodiment, the detector is an imaging system and includes a CCD camera for collecting both ER and label-free data. In other embodiments, the at least one detector takes the form of a spectrometer for collection of label-free data and a photomultiplier for collecting ER data. In other embodiments, a single light source such as a tunable laser or broad band light source is used.
    • 公开了一种光栅传感器,其具有构造和设计用于ev逝共振(ER)荧光检测和无标签检测应用的光栅结构。 公开了一些实施例,其被优化用于空气模式中的ER检测,其中样品是干的。 其他实施方案针对液体模式中的ER检测进行了优化,其中将样品悬浮在诸如水的液体介质中。 还公开了一维和二维光栅,包括以具有中心柱,中心孔和两层二维光栅的单元电池为特征的光栅。 还公开了一种用于这种传感器的读出系统。 一个实施例包括优化用于收集无标记检测数据的第一光源,为采集ER荧光放大数据而优化的第二光源和至少一个检测器。 在一个实施例中,检测器是成像系统,并且包括用于收集ER和无标签数据的CCD照相机。 在其他实施例中,至少一个检测器采用用于收集无标签数据的光谱仪的形式和用于收集ER数据的光电倍增管。 在其他实施例中,使用诸如可调激光器或宽带光源的单个光源。
    • 16. 发明授权
    • High strength paper
    • 高强度纸
    • US08980059B2
    • 2015-03-17
    • US13331861
    • 2011-12-20
    • Gangadhar JogikalmathPatrick D. KincaidLynn ReisDavid S. Soane
    • Gangadhar JogikalmathPatrick D. KincaidLynn ReisDavid S. Soane
    • D21H21/18D21H17/28D21H17/41D21H17/42D21H17/44D21H17/56
    • D21H17/455D21H17/29D21H17/375D21H17/41D21H17/42D21H17/44D21H17/56D21H21/18
    • Disclosed herein are systems and methods for attaching particulate additives to a population of cellulose fibers dispersed in an aqueous solution. The cellulose fibers are treated with an activator that forms complexes with them. The particulate additive is attached to a tether that is capable of interacting with the activator, thereby forming a tether-bearing particulate additive. The tether-bearing particulate additive can be added to the activated suspension of cellulose fibers. The resulting interaction between the tether and the activator forms durable complexes that attach the particulate additive to the cellulose fibers. Using these systems and methods, useful additives like starches can be attached to cellulose fibers, imparting advantageous properties such as increased strength to paper products formed thereby. These systems and methods are particularly useful for papermaking involving virgin pulp fibers, recycled fibers, or any combination thereof.
    • 本文公开了用于将微粒添加剂附着到分散在水溶液中的纤维素纤维群体的系统和方法。 纤维素纤维用与它们形成复合物的活化剂处理。 颗粒状添加剂连接到能够与活化剂相互作用的系链上,从而形成带束缚的微粒添加剂。 可将带状的颗粒添加剂加入到纤维素纤维的活化悬浮液中。 所产生的系链和活化剂之间的相互作用形成将颗粒添加剂附着到纤维素纤维上的耐久复合物。 使用这些系统和方法,可以将有用的添加剂如淀粉粘附到纤维素纤维上,赋予有利的性质,例如由此形成的纸产品的强度增加。 这些系统和方法对于涉及原始纸浆纤维,再循环纤维或其任何组合的造纸特别有用。