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    • 11. 发明授权
    • Mechanisms for strong atomicity in a transactional memory system
    • 事务记忆系统中强原子性的机制
    • US08706982B2
    • 2014-04-22
    • US11967231
    • 2007-12-30
    • Bratin SahaAli-Reza Adl-TabatabaiCheng WangTatiana Shpeisman
    • Bratin SahaAli-Reza Adl-TabatabaiCheng WangTatiana Shpeisman
    • G06F12/12
    • G06F9/30087G06F9/3004G06F9/467
    • A method and apparatus for providing efficient strong atomicity is herein described. Optimized strong operations may be inserted at non-transactional read accesses to provide efficient strong atomicity. A global transaction value is copied at a beginning of a non-transactional function to a local transaction value; essentially creating a local timestamp of the global transaction value. At a non-transactional memory access within the function, a counter value or version value is compared to the LTV to see if a transaction has started updating memory locations, or specifically the memory location accessed. If memory locations have not been updated by a transaction, execution is accelerated by avoiding a full set of slowpath strong atomic operations to ensure validity of data accessed. In contrast, the slowpath operations may be executed to resolve contention between a transactional and non-transaction access contending for the same memory location.
    • 这里描述了提供有效的强原子性的方法和装置。 可以在非事务性读访问中插入优化的强操作,以提供有效的强原子性。 全局事务值在非事务函数的开头被复制到本地事务值; 基本上创建了全局事务值的本地时间戳。 在功能内的非事务性存储器访问中,将计数器值或版本值与LTV进行比较,以查看事务是否开始更新存储器位置,或具体地访问存储器位置。 如果事务没有更新存储器位置,则通过避免一整套的慢路强原子操作来加速执行,以确保访问的数据的有效性。 相比之下,可以执行慢路操作来解决争用相同内存位置的事务和非事务访问之间的争用。
    • 12. 发明授权
    • Hydrogen generating apparatus and fuel cell using the same
    • 氢发生装置和使用其的燃料电池
    • US08500830B2
    • 2013-08-06
    • US12871924
    • 2010-08-31
    • Po-Kuei ChouCheng WangYueh-Chang Wu
    • Po-Kuei ChouCheng WangYueh-Chang Wu
    • B01J7/00
    • H01M8/06Y02E60/36
    • A hydrogen generating apparatus and a fuel cell using the same is provided. The hydrogen generating apparatus is adapted to a fuel cell, and includes a main body, an electromagnet, a magnetic element, a containing tank and a sliding element. The electromagnet is fixed on the main body. The magnetic element is movably disposed on the main body. The containing tank is fixed on the main body and is used for containing liquid water. The sliding element is slidably disposed on the main body, wherein a solid fuel is fixed on the sliding element. When the electromagnet is electrified to generate magnetic force to drive a motion of the magnetic element, the magnetic element drives the sliding element to slide towards the containing tank, so that the solid fuel reacts with the liquid water in the containing tank to generate hydrogen.
    • 提供氢生成装置和使用该氢发生装置的燃料电池。 氢发生装置适用于燃料电池,并且包括主体,电磁体,磁性元件,容纳槽和滑动元件。 电磁铁固定在主体上。 磁性元件可移动地设置在主体上。 容纳罐固定在主体上,用于容纳液态水。 滑动元件可滑动地设置在主体上,其中固体燃料固定在滑动元件上。 当电磁铁通电以产生磁力以驱动磁性元件的运动时,磁性元件驱动滑动元件朝向容纳槽滑动,使得固体燃料与容纳槽中的液态水反应产生氢。
    • 14. 发明授权
    • Context-sensitive slicing for dynamically parallelizing binary programs
    • 用于动态并行化二进制程序的上下文相关切片
    • US08443343B2
    • 2013-05-14
    • US12607589
    • 2009-10-28
    • Joseph BlomstedtCheng WangYoufeng Wu
    • Joseph BlomstedtCheng WangYoufeng Wu
    • G06F9/45
    • G06F11/3604G06F8/433G06F8/456
    • In one embodiment of the invention a method comprising (1) receiving an unstructured binary code region that is single-threaded; (2) determining a slice criterion for the region; (3) determining a call edge, a return edge, and a fallthrough pseudo-edge for the region based on analysis of the region at a binary level; and (4) determining a context-sensitive slice based on the call edge, the return edge, the fallthrough pseudo-edge, and the slice criterion. Embodiments of the invention may include a program analysis technique that can be used to provide context-sensitive slicing of binary programs for slicing hot regions identified at runtime, with few underlying assumptions about the program from which the binary is derived. Also, in an embodiment a slicing method may include determining a context-insensitive slice, when a time limit is met, by determining the context-insensitive slice while treating call edges as a normal control flow edges.
    • 在本发明的一个实施例中,一种方法包括(1)接收单线程的非结构化二进制码区域; (2)确定该区域的切片标准; (3)基于二进制级别的区域的分析确定该区域的通话边缘,返回边缘和下降伪边缘; 和(4)基于呼叫边缘,返回边缘,下降伪边缘和切片标准来确定上下文敏感切片。 本发明的实施例可以包括程序分析技术,其可以用于提供二进制程序的上下文敏感切片,用于对在运行时识别的热区域进行切片,而关于从其导出二进制的程序的几个基本假设。 此外,在一个实施例中,切片方法可以包括当满足时间限制时,通过在将呼叫边缘视为正常控制流边缘的同时确定上下文不敏感切片来确定上下文不敏感切片。
    • 19. 发明授权
    • Efficient and consistent software transactional memory
    • 高效一致的软件事务内存
    • US08060482B2
    • 2011-11-15
    • US11648012
    • 2006-12-28
    • Cheng WangYoufeng WuWei-Yu ChenBratin SahaAli-Reza Adl-Tabatabai
    • Cheng WangYoufeng WuWei-Yu ChenBratin SahaAli-Reza Adl-Tabatabai
    • G06F7/00G06F17/00G06F17/30
    • G06F8/458G06F9/3004G06F9/30087G06F9/3834G06F9/3859G06F9/3863G06F9/467
    • A method and apparatus for efficient and consistent validation/conflict detection in a Software Transactional Memory (STM) system is herein described. A version check barrier is inserted after a load to compare versions of loaded values before and after the load. In addition, a global timestamp (GTS) is utilized to track a latest committed transaction. Each transaction is associated with a local timestamp (LTS) initialized to the GTS value at the start of a transaction. As a transaction commits it updates the GTS to a new value and sets versions of modified locations to the new value. Pending transactions compare versions determined in read barriers to their LTS. If the version is greater than their LTS indicating another transaction has committed after the pending transaction started and initialized the LTS, then the pending transaction validates its read set to maintain efficient and consistent transactional execution.
    • 这里描述了用于在软件事务存储器(STM)系统中有效且一致的验证/冲突检测的方法和装置。 在加载之后插入版本检查障碍,以便在加载之前和之后比较加载值的版本。 此外,使用全局时间戳(GTS)来跟踪最近提交的事务。 每个事务与在事务开始时初始化为GTS值的本地时间戳(LTS)相关联。 作为事务提交,将GTS更新为新值,并将修改的位置的版本设置为新值。 待处理的交易将比较其在LTS阅读障碍中确定的版本。 如果版本大于其LTS,指示在挂起事务启动并初始化LTS之后另一个事务已经提交,则挂起的事务会验证其读取集合以保持有效且一致的事务执行。