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11. 发明授权

US08402441B2 Monitoring execution of guest code in a virtual machine 有权
标题翻译：监视虚拟机中的访客代码的执行
公开(公告)号：US08402441B2
公开(公告)日：2013-03-19
申请号：US12188929
申请日：2008-08-08
申请人： Dmitriy Budko , Xiaoxin Chen , Oded Horovitz , Pratap Subrahmanyam , Carl Waldspurger
发明人： Dmitriy Budko , Xiaoxin Chen , Oded Horovitz , Pratap Subrahmanyam , Carl Waldspurger
IPC分类号： G06F9/44 , G06F9/45
CPC分类号： G06F21/53 , G06F9/45558 , G06F2009/45587 , G06F2009/45591
摘要： A method is provided for monitoring registered code in a virtual machine of a virtualization system. The method includes instantiating a guest in the virtual machine of the virtualization system and monitoring execution of code registered for monitored execution in an execution context of the guest. The monitoring is performed by the virtualization system and is hidden from computations of the guest.
摘要翻译：提供了一种用于监视虚拟化系统的虚拟机中的注册代码的方法。该方法包括在虚拟化系统的虚拟机中实例化客户端，并且监视在客户端执行上下文中注册用于被监控执行的代码的执行。监视由虚拟化系统执行，并且隐藏于访客的计算中。

12. 发明授权

US07925850B1 Page signature disambiguation for increasing the efficiency of virtual machine migration in shared-page virtualized computer systems 有权
标题翻译：页签名消歧以提高共享页面虚拟化计算机系统中虚拟机迁移的效率
公开(公告)号：US07925850B1
公开(公告)日：2011-04-12
申请号：US11676224
申请日：2007-02-16
申请人： Carl Waldspurger , Osten Kit Colbert , Xiaoxin Chen , Rajesh Venkatasubramanian
发明人： Carl Waldspurger , Osten Kit Colbert , Xiaoxin Chen , Rajesh Venkatasubramanian
IPC分类号： G06F12/00 , G06F13/00 , G06F13/28
CPC分类号： G06F9/4856
摘要： A system for increasing the efficiency of migrating, at least in part, a virtual machine from a source host to a destination host is described wherein the content of one or more portions of the address space of the virtual machine are each uniquely associated at the source host with a signature that may collide, absent disambiguation, with different content at the destination host. Code in both the source and destination hosts disambiguates the signature(s) so that each disambiguated signature may be uniquely associated with content at the destination host, and so that collisions with different content are avoided at the destination host. Logic is configured to determine whether the content uniquely associated with a disambiguated signature at the destination host is already present in the destination host memory, and, if so, to back one or more portions of the address space of the virtual machine having this content with one or more portions of the destination host memory already holding this content.
摘要翻译：描述了一种用于提高至少部分地将虚拟机从源主机迁移到目的地主机的效率的系统，其中虚拟机的地址空间的一个或多个部分的内容每个在源处唯一地相关联主机具有可能与目标主机不同的内容相冲突的缺席消息。源主机和目标主机中的代码消除签名，使得每个消歧签名可以与目的主机的内容唯一相关联，并且使得在目的主机处避免与不同内容的冲突。逻辑被配置为确定目的地主机上与消歧签名唯一相关联的内容是否已经存在于目的主机存储器中，并且如果是，则将具有该内容的虚拟机的地址空间的一个或多个部分返回到目的地主机存储器的一个或多个部分已经保存该内容。

13. 发明授权

US08171488B1 Alternating scheduling and descheduling of coscheduled contexts 有权
标题翻译：协调调度和调度上下文的调度
公开(公告)号：US08171488B1
公开(公告)日：2012-05-01
申请号：US11707287
申请日：2007-02-16
申请人： Carl Waldspurger , John Zedlewski , Andrei Dorofeev
发明人： Carl Waldspurger , John Zedlewski , Andrei Dorofeev
IPC分类号： G06F9/46
CPC分类号： G06F9/4881
摘要： Management of contexts that execute on a computer system is described. More specifically, context scheduling in a virtual machine environment is described. A set of coscheduled contexts, including at least a first context and a second context, are monitored. The first and second contexts are alternately scheduled and descheduled so that both the first context and the second context are not concurrently scheduled.
摘要翻译：描述在计算机系统上执行的上下文的管理。更具体地，描述了虚拟机环境中的上下文调度。监视包括至少第一上下文和第二上下文的一组调谐上下文。第一和第二上下文被交替调度和调度，使得第一上下文和第二上下文都不被同时调度。

14. 发明授权

US07831773B2 Utilizing cache information to manage memory access and cache utilization 有权
标题翻译：利用缓存信息来管理内存访问和缓存利用率
公开(公告)号：US07831773B2
公开(公告)日：2010-11-09
申请号：US12199671
申请日：2008-08-27
申请人： John Zedlewski , Carl Waldspurger
发明人： John Zedlewski , Carl Waldspurger
IPC分类号： G06F12/00
CPC分类号： G06F12/084 , G06F11/3409 , G06F11/3471 , G06F12/0842 , G06F2201/81 , G06F2201/815 , G06F2201/86 , G06F2201/88 , G06F2201/885
摘要： A method and system of managing data access in a shared memory cache of a processor are disclosed. The method includes probing one or more memory addresses that map to a subset of the shared memory cache and sensing a plurality of events in the one or more memory addresses. Cache utilization information is then obtained by reading a hardware performance counter of the processor. The hardware performance counter is incremented based on the occurrence of the plurality of events. Based upon the cache utilization information, an occurrence of one of the plurality of events is reduced.
摘要翻译：公开了一种在处理器的共享存储器高速缓存中管理数据访问的方法和系统。该方法包括探测映射到共享存储器高速缓存的子集的一个或多个存储器地址并感测一个或多个存储器地址中的多个事件。然后通过读取处理器的硬件性能计数器来获得缓存利用率信息。硬件性能计数器根据多个事件的发生而增加。基于高速缓存利用信息，减少了多个事件之一的发生。

15. 发明授权

US08037280B2 System and method for improving memory locality of virtual machines 有权
标题翻译：提高虚拟机内存局部性的系统和方法
公开(公告)号：US08037280B2
公开(公告)日：2011-10-11
申请号：US12137351
申请日：2008-06-11
申请人： Vivek Pandey , Ole Agesen , Alex Garthwaite , Carl Waldspurger , Rajesh Venkatasubramanian
发明人： Vivek Pandey , Ole Agesen , Alex Garthwaite , Carl Waldspurger , Rajesh Venkatasubramanian
IPC分类号： G06F13/00 , G06F13/28 , G06F9/46 , G06F15/16 , G06F9/26 , G06F9/34
CPC分类号： G06F9/5033 , G06F9/45558 , G06F9/4856 , G06F2009/4557
摘要： A system and related method of operation for migrating the memory of a virtual machine from one NUMA node to another. Once the VM is migrated to a new node, migration of memory pages is performed while giving priority to the most utilized pages, so that access to these pages becomes local as soon as possible. Various heuristics are described to enable different implementations for different situations or scenarios.
摘要翻译：将虚拟机的存储器从一个NUMA节点迁移到另一个NUMA节点的系统和相关操作方法。一旦将VM迁移到新节点，就会在优先使用最多的页面的同时执行内存页面的迁移，以便尽快访问这些页面。描述了各种启发式方法，以实现不同情况或场景的不同实现。

16. 发明申请

US20090313445A1 System and Method for Improving Memory Locality of Virtual Machines 有权
标题翻译：改进虚拟机内存位置的系统和方法
公开(公告)号：US20090313445A1
公开(公告)日：2009-12-17
申请号：US12137351
申请日：2008-06-11
申请人： Vivek Pandey , Ole Agesen , Alex Garthwaite , Carl Waldspurger , Rajesh Venkatasubramanian
发明人： Vivek Pandey , Ole Agesen , Alex Garthwaite , Carl Waldspurger , Rajesh Venkatasubramanian
IPC分类号： G06F13/00 , G06F12/00 , G06F9/455 , G06F12/16
CPC分类号： G06F9/5033 , G06F9/45558 , G06F9/4856 , G06F2009/4557
摘要： A system and related method of operation for migrating the memory of a virtual machine from one NUMA node to another. Once the VM is migrated to a new node, migration of memory pages is performed while giving priority to the most utilized pages, so that access to these pages becomes local as soon as possible. Various heuristics are described to enable different implementations for different situations or scenarios.
摘要翻译：将虚拟机的存储器从一个NUMA节点迁移到另一个NUMA节点的系统和相关操作方法。一旦将VM迁移到新节点，就会在优先使用最多的页面的同时执行内存页面的迁移，以便尽快访问这些页面。描述了各种启发式方法，以实现不同情况或场景的不同实现。

17. 发明授权

US08296767B1 Defining and measuring skew between coscheduled contexts 有权
标题翻译：定义和测量协调语境之间的偏差
公开(公告)号：US08296767B1
公开(公告)日：2012-10-23
申请号：US11707729
申请日：2007-02-16
申请人： Carl Waldspurger , John Zedlewski , Andrei Dorofeev
发明人： Carl Waldspurger , John Zedlewski , Andrei Dorofeev
IPC分类号： G06F9/455 , G06F9/46
CPC分类号： G06F9/45504 , G06F9/4881
摘要： Management of contexts that execute on a computer system is described. More specifically, context scheduling in a virtual machine environment is described. Times at which a context transitions from a scheduled state to a descheduled state and times at which the context transitions from a descheduled state to a scheduled state are recorded for each context. Skew is detected using the recorded times. The amount of skew can be quantified, and a corrective action is triggered if the amount of skew fails to satisfy a threshold value.
摘要翻译：描述在计算机系统上执行的上下文的管理。更具体地，描述了虚拟机环境中的上下文调度。对于每个上下文记录上下文从调度状态转换到预定状态的时间，以及上下文从转发状态转移到调度状态的时间。使用记录的时间检测偏斜。可以量化偏斜量，并且如果偏斜量不能满足阈值，则触发纠正动作。

18. 发明授权

US07945908B1 Method and system for improving the accuracy of timing and process accounting within virtual machines 有权
标题翻译：提高虚拟机中计时和进程计费精度的方法和系统
公开(公告)号：US07945908B1
公开(公告)日：2011-05-17
申请号：US11394927
申请日：2006-03-31
申请人： Carl Waldspurger , Michael Craig , Ramesh Dharan , Rajit S. Kambo , Timothy P. Mann , Stephen A. Muckle , Boris Weissman , John Zedlewski
发明人： Carl Waldspurger , Michael Craig , Ramesh Dharan , Rajit S. Kambo , Timothy P. Mann , Stephen A. Muckle , Boris Weissman , John Zedlewski
IPC分类号： G06F9/455 , G06F13/24
CPC分类号： G06F9/45533
摘要： A sponge process, for example within a driver in a guest operating system, is associated in a virtual computer system with each virtual processor in one or more virtual machines. When timer interrupts become backlogged, for example because a virtual machine is temporarily descheduled to allow other virtual machines to run, and upon occurrence of a trigger event, a conventional interrupt is disengaged and catch-up interrupts are instead directed into an appropriate one of the sponge processes. The backlogged timer interrupts are thus delivered without unfairly attributing descheduled time to whatever processes happened to be running while the catch-up interrupts are delivered, and without violating typical guest operating system timing assumptions.
摘要翻译：例如在客户机操作系统中的驱动程序内的海绵过程在虚拟计算机系统中与每个虚拟处理器在一个或多个虚拟机中相关联。当定时器中断变得积压时，例如因为虚拟机被临时调度以允许其他虚拟机运行，并且在发生触发事件时，传统的中断被分离，并且追赶中断被引导到适当的一个海绵工艺。因此，积压的定时器中断不会对计划外的时间进行不公平的归因，而不会在提供追赶中断时发生正在运行的任何进程，并且不会违反典型的客户机操作系统时序假设。

19. 发明授权

US07581064B1 Utilizing cache information to manage memory access and cache utilization 有权
标题翻译：利用缓存信息来管理内存访问和缓存利用率
公开(公告)号：US07581064B1
公开(公告)日：2009-08-25
申请号：US11410477
申请日：2006-04-24
申请人： John Zedlewski , Carl Waldspurger
发明人： John Zedlewski , Carl Waldspurger
IPC分类号： G06F12/00
CPC分类号： G06F12/0842 , G06F12/084 , G06F2212/601
摘要： In a method of utilizing cache metadata to optimize memory access, cache metadata associated with a set of cache locations is inspected by software. The cache metadata is analyzed to determine memory utilization. Memory access is optimized based on results of the analysis of the cache metadata.
摘要翻译：在利用高速缓存元数据优化存储器访问的方法中，通过软件检查与一组高速缓存位置相关联的高速缓存元数据。分析缓存元数据以确定内存利用率。基于缓存元数据分析结果优化内存访问。

20. 发明授权

US08176493B1 Detecting and responding to skew between coscheduled contexts 有权
标题翻译：检测和响应协调语境之间的偏差
公开(公告)号：US08176493B1
公开(公告)日：2012-05-08
申请号：US11707380
申请日：2007-02-16
申请人： Carl Waldspurger , John Zedlewski , Andrei Dorofeev
发明人： Carl Waldspurger , John Zedlewski , Andrei Dorofeev
IPC分类号： G06F9/455 , G06F9/46
CPC分类号： G06F9/4881 , G06F9/5077 , G06F2209/483
摘要： Management of contexts that execute on a computer system is described. More specifically, context scheduling in a virtual machine environment is described. A set of coscheduled contexts is monitored. If a skew metric associated with a first context of the coscheduled contexts fails to satisfy a condition, then a subset of the coscheduled contexts is descheduled although the first context remains scheduled.
摘要翻译：描述在计算机系统上执行的上下文的管理。更具体地，描述了虚拟机环境中的上下文调度。监视一组协调的上下文。如果与辅助上下文的第一上下文相关联的偏斜度量不能满足条件，则尽管第一上下文保持调度，但是调度上下文的子集被排除在外。

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