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11. 发明授权

US5080809A Polymers useful in the recovery and processing of natural resources 失效
标题翻译：聚合物可用于自然资源的回收和加工
公开(公告)号：US5080809A
公开(公告)日：1992-01-14
申请号：US756851
申请日：1985-07-18
申请人： G. Allan Stahl , I. John Westerman , Henry L. Hsieh , Ahmad Moradi-Araghi , James H. Hedges , Geir Bjornson
发明人： G. Allan Stahl , I. John Westerman , Henry L. Hsieh , Ahmad Moradi-Araghi , James H. Hedges , Geir Bjornson
IPC分类号： C08F226/06 , C09K8/24 , C09K8/588 , C09K8/592 , C09K8/62 , E21B43/24
CPC分类号： E21B43/24 , C08F226/06 , C09K8/24 , C09K8/588 , C09K8/592 , C09K8/68 , Y10S507/936
摘要： Water-soluble polymers comprising an N-vinyl amide such as an N-vinyl lactam are found to be useful in processes wherein the polymer is introduced into a subterranean wellbore.Polymers useful in the recovery of natural resources are prepared by polymerizing an N-vinyl lactam by free radical initiation with polymerization conducted in an aqueous solution polymerization medium preferably containing a mixture of dissolved electrolytes, or in a polymerization medium consisting essentially of a tertiary alkanol. Copolymers of such N-vinyl lactams with unsaturated amides, and terpolymers prepared by polymerizing an N-vinyl lactam and an unsaturated amide with a selected termonomer compound are also useful when prepared by these methods. The invention also broadly encompasses utilizing a water-soluble polymer comprising at least one of a hydrophilic vinyl-containing sulfonate, phosphonate or ester and/or a hydrophilic N-vinyl lactam for applications under hostile conditions.
摘要翻译：发现包含N-乙烯基酰胺如N-乙烯基内酰胺的水溶性聚合物可用于将聚合物引入地下井眼的方法中。通过在优选含有溶解电解质的混合物的水溶液聚合介质中进行的聚合，或在基本上由叔烷醇组成的聚合介质中，通过自由基引发聚合N-乙烯基内酰胺来制备用于回收天然资源的聚合物。这种N-乙烯基内酰胺与不饱和酰胺的共聚物和通过使用选择的单体化合物聚合N-乙烯基内酰胺和不饱和酰胺制备的三元共聚物在通过这些方法制备时也是有用的。本发明还广泛地包括使用包含亲水性含乙烯基的磺酸盐，膦酸盐或酯和/或亲水性N-乙烯基内酰胺中的至少一种的水溶性聚合物用于敌对条件下的应用。

12. 发明授权

US5382371A Polymers useful in the recovery and processing of natural resources 失效
公开(公告)号：US5382371A
公开(公告)日：1995-01-17
申请号：US973144
申请日：1992-11-06
申请人： G. Allan Stahl , Ahmad Moradi-Araghi , I. John Westerman , Henry L. Hsieh , James H. Hedges , Geir Bjornson
发明人： G. Allan Stahl , Ahmad Moradi-Araghi , I. John Westerman , Henry L. Hsieh , James H. Hedges , Geir Bjornson
IPC分类号： C08F226/06 , C09K8/24 , C09K8/588 , C09K8/592 , C09K8/62 , E21B43/24 , E21B43/00
CPC分类号： C09K8/588 , C08F226/06 , C09K8/24 , C09K8/592 , C09K8/62 , E21B43/24 , Y10S507/925
摘要： Water-soluble polymers comprising an N-vinyl amide such as an N-vinyl lactam are found to be useful in processes wherein the polymer is introduced into a subterranean wellbore.Polymers useful in the recovery of natural resources are prepared by polymerizing an N-vinyl lactam by free radical initiation with polymerization conducted in an aqueous solution polymerization medium preferably containing a mixture of dissolved electrolytes, or in a polymerization medium consisting essentially of a tertiary alkanol. Copolymers of such N-vinyl lactams with unsaturated amides, and terpolymers prepared by polymerizing an N-vinyl lactam and an unsaturated amide with a selected termonomer compound are also useful when prepared by these methods. The invention also broadly encompasses utilizing a water-soluble polymer comprising at least one of a hydrophilic vinyl-containing sulfonate, phosphonate or ester and/or a hydrophilic N-vinyl lactam for applications under hostile conditions.

13. 发明授权

US5186257A Polymers useful in the recovery and processing of natural resources 失效
标题翻译：聚合物可用于自然资源的回收和加工
公开(公告)号：US5186257A
公开(公告)日：1993-02-16
申请号：US805283
申请日：1991-12-10
申请人： Allan Stahl , Ahmad Moradi-Araghi , John Westerman , Henry L. Hsieh , James H. Hedges , Geir Bjornson
发明人： Allan Stahl , Ahmad Moradi-Araghi , John Westerman , Henry L. Hsieh , James H. Hedges , Geir Bjornson
IPC分类号： C08F226/06 , C09K8/24 , C09K8/588 , C09K8/592 , C09K8/62 , E21B43/24
CPC分类号： C09K8/588 , C08F226/06 , C09K8/24 , C09K8/592 , C09K8/62 , E21B43/24 , Y10S507/925
摘要： Water-soluble polymers comprising N-vinyl amide such as an N-vinyl lactam are found to be useful in processes wherein the polymer is introduced into a subterranean wellbore. Polymers useful in the recovery of natural resources are prepared by polymerizing an N-vinyl lactam by free radical initiation with polymerization conducted in an aqueous solution polymerization medium preferably containing a mixture of dissolved electrolytes, or in a polymerization medium consisting essentially of a tertiary alkanol. Copolymers of such N-vinyl lactams with unsaturated amides and terpolymers prepared by polymerizing an N-vinyl lactam and an unsaturated amide with a selected termonomer compound are also useful when prepared by these methods. The invention also broadly encompasses utilizing a water-soluble polymer comprising at least one of a hydrophilic vinyl-containing sulfonate, phosphonate or ester and/or hydrophilic N-vinyl lactam for applications under hostile conditions.
摘要翻译：发现包含N-乙烯基酰胺如N-乙烯基内酰胺的水溶性聚合物可用于将聚合物引入地下井眼的方法中。通过在优选含有溶解电解质的混合物的水溶液聚合介质中进行聚合，或在基本上由叔烷醇组成的聚合介质中，通过自由基引发聚合N-乙烯基内酰胺来制备用于回收天然资源的聚合物。通过这些方法制备时，通过将N-乙烯基内酰胺和不饱和酰胺与所选择的单体化合物聚合制备的这种N-乙烯基内酰胺与不饱和酰胺和三元共聚物的共聚物也是有用的。本发明还广泛地包括使用包含亲水性含乙烯基的磺酸盐，膦酸盐或酯和/或亲水性N-乙烯基内酰胺中的至少一种的水溶性聚合物用于敌对条件下的应用。

14. 发明授权

US4274488A Cosurfactant in preflush for surfactant flood system 失效
标题翻译：表面活性剂在表面活性剂泛化系统的预冲洗中的表面活性剂
公开(公告)号：US4274488A
公开(公告)日：1981-06-23
申请号：US71608
申请日：1979-08-31
申请人： James H. Hedges , Gilbert R. Glinsmann
发明人： James H. Hedges , Gilbert R. Glinsmann
IPC分类号： C09K8/584 , E21B43/22
CPC分类号： C09K8/584
摘要： In a post-primary oil recovery process involving the sequential addition of a saline preflush, a surfactant system comprising a surfactant, a cosurfactant and brine, the improvement comprising the addition of cosurfactant to the preflush. If desired, cosurfactant can also be added to a subsequent injected mobility buffer. The resulting system gives extraordinarily high recovery of oil.
摘要翻译：在涉及顺序添加生理盐水预冲洗的后原油回收方法中，包含表面活性剂，辅助表面活性剂和盐水的表面活性剂体系，其改进包括将辅助表面活性剂加入到预冲洗中。如果需要，辅助表面活性剂也可以添加到随后注入的移动性缓冲液中。所得到的系统油的回收率非常高。

15. 发明授权

US4265308A Oil recovery method using unique salinity for oil recovery surfactant system 失效
标题翻译：石油采收方法采用独特的盐度作为油回收表面活性剂体系
公开(公告)号：US4265308A
公开(公告)日：1981-05-05
申请号：US71642
申请日：1979-08-31
申请人： James H. Hedges , Gilbert R. Glinsmann
发明人： James H. Hedges , Gilbert R. Glinsmann
IPC分类号： C09K8/584 , E21B49/00 , E21B43/22
CPC分类号： E21B49/00 , C09K8/584 , Y10S507/938
摘要： A series of surfactant systems is prepared at varying electrolyte concentrations, each system being mixed with oil to be displaced or its equivalent and allowed to equilibrate to determine the salinity at which the microemulsion phase has approximately equal volumes of oil and water; thereafter additional series of such surfactant systems are prepared utilizing different cosurfactants; thereafter the resulting surfactant systems are used at their optimal salinity (i.e., the salinity at which approximately equal volumes of oil and water are taken up into the microemulsion phase) to recover oil from test cores and the resulting oil recovery plotted versus the salinity to give the unique salinity at which maximum oil recovery is obtained for the particular oil-surfactant combination.
摘要翻译：以不同的电解质浓度制备一系列表面活性剂体系，每个系统与要移位的油或其等同物混合并使其平衡以确定微乳液相具有大约相等体积的油和水的盐度; 此后使用不同的辅助表面活性剂制备另外的一系列这样的表面活性剂体系; 此后，所得表面活性剂体系以其最佳盐度（即将大约相等体积的油和水吸收到微乳液相中的盐度）使用以从测试核心回收油，并且所得油回收相对于盐度绘制，得到特定的油 - 表面活性剂组合获得最大的油回收率的独特的盐度。

16. 发明授权

US4473116A Method of determining sodium chloride equivalency for improved oil recovery processes using surfactant compositions 失效
标题翻译：使用表面活性剂组合物测定改进的油回收方法的氯化钠当量的方法
公开(公告)号：US4473116A
公开(公告)日：1984-09-25
申请号：US408965
申请日：1982-08-17
申请人： James H. Hedges
发明人： James H. Hedges
IPC分类号： C09K8/584 , E21B49/00 , E21B43/22 , E21B47/00
CPC分类号： E21B49/00 , C09K8/584
摘要： The sodium chloride equivalency of brine from a subterranean oil bearing reservoir is determined by equilibrating said brine with a known surfactant system and a standard hydrocarbon to give a multiphase system which is compared with known phase volume diagrams using the same ingredients at various sodium chloride concentrations to determine the salinity of the known systems at which the relative volumes correspond to those of the unknown system, this being the sodium chloride equivalency number of the unknown system. The above procedure can be used to allow use of standardized phase volume diagrams to tailor a surfactant system for a particular reservoir even though the reservoir does not have pure sodium chloride as the brine. In a more specific embodiment, the above system can be used even if the sodium chloride equivalency of the reservoir is quite high by utilizing as the cosurfactant an ethoxylated sulfated phenol and preparing a series of multiphase systems by equilibrating oil corresponding to that in the reservoir, a standard surfactant, and a series of ethoxylated sulfated phenol cosurfactants of varying degrees of ethoxylation, all at the brine concentration of the reservoir to determine a system having an optimum salinity (i.e., where the volume of oil and water in the microemulsion phase is about equal) which is relatively low, i.e., about 1 percent. Thereafter, additional samples are prepared at higher surfactant concentrations, all of the other ingredients being equal and the resulting systems are used to displace oil from a test core, the results applied so as to determine the cosurfactant concentration at which maximum oil recovery is obtained.
摘要翻译：通过用已知的表面活性剂体系和标准烃平衡所述盐水来确定来自含地下油层的储存器的盐水的氯化钠当量，以产生多相体系，其与已知的相体积图与使用相同成分在各种氯化钠浓度确定相对体积对应于未知系统的体系的已知系统的盐度，这是未知系统的氯化钠当量数。上述程序可以用于允许使用标准化的相容积图来定制特定储存器的表面活性剂体系，即使储存器不具有纯氯化钠作为盐水。在更具体的实施方案中，即使通过利用乙氧基化硫酸化酚作为辅助表面活性剂并且通过平衡相当于储层中的油的油来制备一系列多相体系，即使储存器的氯化钠当量相当高，也可以使用上述系统，标准表面活性剂和不同程度乙氧基化的一系列乙氧基化硫酸化酚辅助表面活性剂，全部在储存器的盐水浓度下，以确定具有最佳盐度的系统（即，其中微乳相中的油和水的体积约为相等），相当低，即约1％。此后，在更高的表面活性剂浓度下制备另外的样品，所有其他成分相等，并且所得体系用于从测试核心置换油，所得结果用于确定获得最大油回收率的辅助表面活性剂浓度。

17. 发明授权

US4258789A Cosurfactant blends for oil recovery surfactant system 失效
标题翻译：辅助表面活性剂混合油回收表面活性剂体系
公开(公告)号：US4258789A
公开(公告)日：1981-03-31
申请号：US071609
申请日：1979-08-31
申请人： James H. Hedges , Gilbert R. Glinsmann
发明人： James H. Hedges , Gilbert R. Glinsmann
IPC分类号： B01F17/00 , C09K8/584 , E21B43/22
CPC分类号： B01F17/00 , C09K8/584 , Y10S507/938
摘要： A first and second series of aqueous surfactant-cosurfactant-electrolyte systems are prepared at varying electrolyte concentrations using, respectively, a relatively water insoluble cosurfactant and a relatively water soluble cosurfactant. The resulting systems are mixed with oil to be displaced or its equivalent and allowed to equilibrate so as to determine the salinity at which the microemulsion phases formed on said equilibration have approximately equal volumes of oil and water, thus giving the optimal salinity concentration for each surfactant-cosurfactant combination. Similar equilibrations are made using at least one surfactant system which employs a cosurfactant of intermediate water solubility. These systems are then used under the same or similar conditions to displace oil at the optimal salinity for each system and the resulting oil recovery percentage is plotted versus the salinity. Thereafter using the relationship that increasing the more water soluble component of the cosurfactant increases the optimum salinity value and vice versa, a cosurfactant blend is prepared so as to give a system which has an optimum salinity essentially corresponding to the unique salinity.
摘要翻译：使用相对不溶于水的辅助表面活性剂和相对水溶性助表面活性剂，以不同的电解质浓度制备第一和第二系列水性表面活性剂 - 辅助表面活性剂 - 电解质体系。所得到的体系与要移动的油或其等同物混合并允许平衡，以便确定在所述平衡上形成的微乳相的盐度具有大致相等体积的油和水，从而给出每种表面活性剂的最佳盐度浓度 - 表面活性剂组合。使用至少一种使用中等水溶性的辅助表面活性剂的表面活性剂体系进行类似的平衡。然后在相同或相似的条件下使用这些系统以置换每个系统的最佳盐度的油，并且将所得的油回收百分比绘制为相对于盐度。此后，使用增加辅助表面活性剂的更多水溶性组分的关系增加最佳盐度值，反之亦然，制备辅助表面活性剂共混物，以便产生具有基本上对应于独特盐度的最佳盐度的体系。

18. 发明授权

US4330418A Characterizing hydrocarbon sulfonates and utilization of hydrocarbon sulfonates in oil recovery 失效
标题翻译：表征烃磺酸盐和油回收中烃磺酸盐的利用
公开(公告)号：US4330418A
公开(公告)日：1982-05-18
申请号：US100086
申请日：1979-12-04
申请人： Gibert R. Glinsmann , James H. Hedges
发明人： Gibert R. Glinsmann , James H. Hedges
IPC分类号： C09K8/584 , E21B43/22
CPC分类号： C09K8/584 , Y10S507/938
摘要： A method for determining the average equivalent weight of hydrocarbon sulfonates and the optimal salinity and unique salinity of surfactant systems containing such hydrocarbon sulfonates is based on the discovery that the average equivalent weights of hydrocarbon sulfonates vary inversely and linearly as the optimal salinities and unique salinities of surfactant systems containing such hydrocarbon sulfonates vary. Methods of preparing surfactant systems for the displacement of oil from subterranean reservoirs and for the displacement of oil from subterranean reservoirs, based on the above-mentioned relationships, are also disclosed.
摘要翻译：确定烃磺酸盐的平均当量重量和含有这种烃磺酸盐的表面活性剂体系的最佳盐度和独特盐度的方法是基于以下发现：烃磺酸盐的平均当量重量与反应性和线性变化，其最佳盐度和独特的盐度含有这种烃磺酸盐的表面活性剂体系变化。还公开了根据上述关系制备用于从地下储层中排出油以及从地层储层中排出油的表面活性剂体系的方法。

19. 发明授权

US09518463B2 Core capture and recovery from unconsolidated or friable formations and methods of use 有权
标题翻译：从不合并或易碎地层和使用方法的核心捕获和恢复
公开(公告)号：US09518463B2
公开(公告)日：2016-12-13
申请号：US13526639
申请日：2012-06-19
申请人： James H. Hedges , David H. Beardmore
发明人： James H. Hedges , David H. Beardmore
IPC分类号： E21B49/00 , E21B7/00 , E21B49/02 , E21B21/00
CPC分类号： E21B49/02 , E21B21/003
摘要： Methods and systems for enhanced capture and recovery of core samples from unconsolidated or friable formations are provided using drilling fluids that permit increased overpressures to preserve the ability to cut core samples and to strengthen the core samples obtained. Drilling fluids used during capture and recovery of core samples may comprise a solid particulate loss prevention material having a size range from about 150 microns to about 1,000 microns. The solid particulate loss prevention material prevents fracture initiation and propagation in the subterranean formation to allow the use of higher overpressures than would otherwise be possible. Thus, by circulating drilling fluid in the borehole while drilling a core sample, higher overpressures may be achieved, which have been found to be beneficial during core capture and recovery by maintaining core integrity and avoiding core loss. In this way, core sample integrity is improved, yielding more accurate representations of the subsurface.
摘要翻译：使用钻井液提供从未固结或易碎地层强化捕获和回收岩心样品的方法和系统，其允许增加的超压以保持切割芯样品的能力并加强所获得的核心样品。捕获和回收核心样品期间使用的钻井液可包括尺寸范围为约150微米至约1,000微米的固体颗粒物防止损失物质。固体颗粒物丢失防止材料防止地层中的断裂发生和扩散，以允许使用比否则可能的更高的超压。因此，通过在钻探核心样品的同时在钻孔中循环钻井液，可以实现更高的超压，这已经被发现在核心捕获和回收期间通过保持核心完整性和避免铁心损失是有益的。以这种方式，核心样本完整性得到改善，从而产生更准确的地下表示。

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