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11. 发明申请

US20100073370A1 SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR A RAY TRACING SHADER API 有权
标题翻译： RAY TRACING SHADER API的系统和方法
公开(公告)号：US20100073370A1
公开(公告)日：2010-03-25
申请号：US12563870
申请日：2009-09-21
申请人： James Alexander McCombe , Luke Tilman Peterson , Ryan R. Salsbury , Sean Matthew Gies
发明人： James Alexander McCombe , Luke Tilman Peterson , Ryan R. Salsbury , Sean Matthew Gies
IPC分类号： G06T15/50 , G06F17/30
CPC分类号： G06T15/06 , G06T15/80
摘要： Aspects include API interfaces for interfacing shaders with other components and/or code modules that provide ray tracing functionality. For example, API calls may allow direct contribution of light energy to a buffer for an identified pixel, and allow emission of new rays for intersection testing alone or in bundles. The API also can provide a mechanism for associating arbitrary data with ray definition data defining a ray to be tested through a shader using the emit ray call. The arbitrary data is provided to a shader associated with an object that is identified subsequently as having been intersected by the ray. The data can include code, or a pointer to code, that can be used by or run after the shader. The data also can be propagated through a series of shaders, and associated with rays instantiated in each shader. Recursive shaders can be recompiled as non-recursive shaders interfacing with API semantics according to the description.
摘要翻译：方面包括用于将着色器与其他组件接口的API接口和/或提供光线跟踪功能的代码模块。例如，API调用可以允许将光能直接贡献给用于识别的像素的缓冲器，并且允许单独或以束发射用于交叉测试的新光线。 API还可以提供一种机制，用于将任意数据与通过使用发射光线呼叫的着色器定义要测试的射线的射线定义数据相关联。将任意数据提供给与随后被射线相交的对象相关联的着色器。数据可以包括可以在着色器之后使用或运行的代码或代码的指针。数据也可以通过一系列着色器传播，并与每个着色器中实例化的光线相关联。根据描述，递归着色器可以重新编译为与API语义接口的非递归着色器。

12. 发明申请

US20090289939A1 SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR CONCURRENT RAY TRACING 有权
标题翻译：同步雷达跟踪系统与方法
公开(公告)号：US20090289939A1
公开(公告)日：2009-11-26
申请号：US12504437
申请日：2009-07-16
申请人： Luke Tilman Peterson , James Alexander McCombe , Ryan R. Salsbury
发明人： Luke Tilman Peterson , James Alexander McCombe , Ryan R. Salsbury
IPC分类号： G06T15/40
CPC分类号： G06T15/06 , G06T15/005
摘要： For ray tracing scenes composed of primitives, systems and methods can traverse rays through an acceleration structure. The traversal can be implemented by concurrently testing a plurality of nodes of the acceleration structure for intersection with a sequence of one or more rays. Such testing can occur in a plurality of test cells. Leaf nodes of the acceleration structure can bound primitives, and a sequence primitives can be tested concurrently for intersection in the test cells against a plurality of rays that have intersected a given leaf node. Intersection testing of a particular leaf node can be deferred until a sufficient quantity of rays have been collected for that node.
摘要翻译：对于由图元组成的光线跟踪场景，系统和方法可以通过加速结构穿过光线。可以通过同时测试用于与一个或多个光线的序列交叉的加速度结构的多个节点来实现遍历。这种测试可以发生在多个测试单元中。加速结构的叶节点可以绑定原语，并且可以同时测试序列原语，以便在测试单元中与已经与给定叶节点相交的多个射线的交点。可以延迟特定叶节点的交叉测试，直到为该节点收集足够数量的光线。

13. 发明申请

US20080292201A1 PRE-PROCESSING METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR DATA REDUCTION OF VIDEO SEQUENCES AND BIT RATE REDUCTION OF COMPRESSED VIDEO SEQUENCES USING SPATIAL FILTERING 有权
标题翻译：使用空间滤波的压缩视频序列的视频序列数据减少和比特速率减少的预处理方法和系统
公开(公告)号：US20080292201A1
公开(公告)日：2008-11-27
申请号：US12185777
申请日：2008-08-04
申请人： Adriana Dumitras , James Oliver Normile , Ryan R. Salsbury
发明人： Adriana Dumitras , James Oliver Normile , Ryan R. Salsbury
IPC分类号： G06K9/40
CPC分类号： H04N19/117 , G06K9/00234 , H04N5/21 , H04N9/8042 , H04N19/136 , H04N19/14 , H04N19/17 , H04N19/186 , H04N19/192 , H04N19/80
摘要： Methods for pre-processing video sequences prior to compression to provide data reduction of the video sequence. Also, after compression of the pre-processed video sequence, the bit rate of the pre-processed and compressed video sequence will be lower than the bit rate of the video sequence after compression but without pre-processing. Pre-processing may include spatial anisotropic diffusion filtering such as Perona-Malik filtering, Fallah-Ford filtering, or omni-directional filtering that extends Perona-Malik filtering to perform filtering in at least one diagonal direction. Pre-processing may also include performing filtering differently on a foreground region than on a background region of a video frame. This method includes identifying pixel locations having pixel values matching characteristics of human skin and determining a bounding shape for each contiguous grouping of matching pixel locations. The foreground region is comprised of pixel locations contained in a bounding shape and the background region is comprised of all other pixel locations.
摘要翻译：用于在压缩之前预处理视频序列以提供视频序列的数据缩减的方法。此外，在经过预处理的视频序列的压缩之后，预处理和压缩的视频序列的比特率将低于压缩后的视频序列的比特率，但是没有预处理。预处理可以包括空间各向异性扩散滤波，例如Perona-Malik滤波，Fallah-Ford滤波或全向滤波，其延伸Perona-Malik滤波以在至少一个对角线方向上执行滤波。预处理还可以包括在前景区域上比在视频帧的背景区域上执行不同的滤波。该方法包括识别具有与人皮肤特征相匹配的像素值的像素位置，并确定匹配像素位置的每个连续分组的边界形状。前景区域由包含在边界形状中的像素位置组成，并且背景区域由所有其它像素位置组成。

14. 发明申请

US20080292006A1 PRE-PROCESSING METHOD FOR DATA REDUCTION OF VIDEO SEQUENCES AND BIT RATE REDUCTION OF COMPRESSED VIDEO SEQUENCES USING TEMPORAL FILTERING 有权
标题翻译：用于数据减少的视频序列的预处理方法和使用时间滤波的压缩视频序列的比特速率减少
公开(公告)号：US20080292006A1
公开(公告)日：2008-11-27
申请号：US12140254
申请日：2008-06-16
申请人： Adriana Dumitras , James Oliver Normile , Ryan R. Salsbury
发明人： Adriana Dumitras , James Oliver Normile , Ryan R. Salsbury
IPC分类号： H04N11/02
CPC分类号： H04N19/117 , H04N5/21 , H04N9/8042 , H04N19/136 , H04N19/17 , H04N19/80
摘要： Methods for pre-processing video sequences prior to compression to provide data reduction of the video sequence. In addition, after compression of the pre-processed video sequence, the bit rate of the pre-processed and compressed video sequence will be lower than the bit rate of the video sequence after compression but without pre-processing. A temporal filtering method is provided for pre-processing of video frames of a video sequence. In the method, pixel values of successive frames are filtered when the difference in the pixel values between the successive frames are within high and low threshold values. The high and low threshold values are determined adaptively depending on the illumination level of a video frame to provide variability of filtering strength depending on the illumination levels of a video frame.
摘要翻译：用于在压缩之前预处理视频序列以提供视频序列的数据缩减的方法。此外，在压缩预处理的视频序列之后，预处理和压缩的视频序列的比特率将低于压缩后的视频序列的比特率，但是没有预处理。提供了用于对视频序列的视频帧进行预处理的时间滤波方法。在该方法中，当连续帧之间的像素值的差在高和低阈值之间时，连续帧的像素值被滤波。根据视频帧的照明级别自适应地确定高和低阈值，以根据视频帧的照明级别提供滤波强度的变化性。

15. 发明授权

US07403568B2 Pre-processing method and system for data reduction of video sequences and bit rate reduction of compressed video sequences using temporal filtering 失效
标题翻译：使用时间滤波的视频序列数据缩减和压缩视频序列比特率降低的预处理方法和系统
公开(公告)号：US07403568B2
公开(公告)日：2008-07-22
申请号：US10640734
申请日：2003-08-13
申请人： Adriana Dumitras , James Oliver Normile , Ryan R. Salsbury
发明人： Adriana Dumitras , James Oliver Normile , Ryan R. Salsbury
IPC分类号： H04N7/12 , G06K9/36
CPC分类号： H04N19/117 , H04N5/21 , H04N9/8042 , H04N19/136 , H04N19/17 , H04N19/80
摘要： Methods for pre-processing video sequences prior to compression to provide data reduction of the video sequence. In addition, after compression of the pre-processed video sequence, the bit rate of the pre-processed and compressed video sequence will be lower than the bit rate of the video sequence after compression but without pre-processing. A temporal filtering method is provided for pre-processing of video frames of a video sequence. In the method, pixel values of successive frames are filtered when the difference in the pixel values between the successive frames are within high and low threshold values. The high and low threshold values are determined adaptively depending on the illumination level of a video frame to provide variability of filtering strength depending on the illumination levels of a video frame.
摘要翻译：用于在压缩之前预处理视频序列以提供视频序列的数据缩减的方法。此外，在压缩预处理的视频序列之后，预处理和压缩的视频序列的比特率将低于压缩后的视频序列的比特率，但是没有预处理。提供了用于对视频序列的视频帧进行预处理的时间滤波方法。在该方法中，当连续帧之间的像素值的差在高和低阈值之间时，连续帧的像素值被滤波。根据视频帧的照明级别自适应地确定高和低阈值，以根据视频帧的照明级别提供滤波强度的变化性。

16. 发明授权

US08615042B2 Pre-processing method and system for data reduction of video sequences and bit rate reduction of compressed video sequences using spatial filtering 有权
标题翻译：使用空间滤波的视频序列数据缩减和压缩视频序列比特率降低的预处理方法和系统
公开(公告)号：US08615042B2
公开(公告)日：2013-12-24
申请号：US12107072
申请日：2008-04-21
申请人： Adriana Dumitras , James Oliver Normile , Ryan R. Salsbury
发明人： Adriana Dumitras , James Oliver Normile , Ryan R. Salsbury
IPC分类号： H04N11/02
CPC分类号： H04N19/117 , G06K9/00234 , H04N5/21 , H04N9/8042 , H04N19/136 , H04N19/14 , H04N19/17 , H04N19/186 , H04N19/192 , H04N19/80
摘要： Methods for pre-processing video sequences prior to compression to provide data reduction of the video sequence. Also, after compression of the pre-processed video sequence, the bit rate of the pre-processed and compressed video sequence will be lower than the bit rate of the video sequence after compression but without pre-processing. Pre-processing may include spatial anisotropic diffusion filtering such as Perona-Malik filtering, Fallah-Ford filtering, or omni-directional filtering that extends Perona-Malik filtering to perform filtering in at least one diagonal direction. Pre-processing may also include performing filtering differently on a foreground region than on a background region of a video frame. This method includes identifying pixel locations having pixel values matching characteristics of human skin and determining a bounding shape for each contiguous grouping of matching pixel locations. The foreground region is comprised of pixel locations contained in a bounding shape and the background region is comprised of all other pixel locations.
摘要翻译：用于在压缩之前预处理视频序列以提供视频序列的数据缩减的方法。此外，在经过预处理的视频序列的压缩之后，预处理和压缩的视频序列的比特率将低于压缩后的视频序列的比特率，但是没有预处理。预处理可以包括空间各向异性扩散滤波，例如Perona-Malik滤波，Fallah-Ford滤波或全向滤波，其延伸Perona-Malik滤波以在至少一个对角线方向上执行滤波。预处理还可以包括在前景区域上比在视频帧的背景区域上执行不同的滤波。该方法包括识别具有与人皮肤特征相匹配的像素值的像素位置，并确定匹配像素位置的每个连续分组的边界形状。前景区域由包含在边界形状中的像素位置组成，并且背景区域由所有其它像素位置组成。

17. 发明申请

US20120249553A1 ARCHITECTURES FOR CONCURRENT GRAPHICS PROCESSING OPERATIONS 有权
标题翻译：相关图形处理操作的架构
公开(公告)号：US20120249553A1
公开(公告)日：2012-10-04
申请号：US13525300
申请日：2012-06-16
申请人： Luke Tilman Peterson , James Alexander McCombe , Ryan R. Salsbury , Stephen Purcell
发明人： Luke Tilman Peterson , James Alexander McCombe , Ryan R. Salsbury , Stephen Purcell
IPC分类号： G06T15/06 , G06T1/20
CPC分类号： G06T15/06 , G06T15/005 , G06T15/50 , G06T15/80
摘要： Ray tracing, and more generally, graphics operations taking place in a 3-D scene, involve a plurality of constituent graphics operations. Scheduling of graphics operations for concurrent execution on a computer may increase throughput. In aspects herein, constituent graphics operations are scheduled in groups, having members selected according to disclosed aspects. Processing for specific graphics operations in a group can be deferred if all the operations in the group cannot be further tested concurrently. Graphics operations that have been deferred are recombined into two or more different groups and ultimately complete processing, through a required number of iterations of such process. In one application, the performance of the graphics operations perform a search in which respective 1:1 matches between different types of geometric shapes involved in the 3-D scene are identified. For example, closest intersections between rays and scene geometry can be identified by processing scheduled according to disclosed aspects.
摘要翻译：光线跟踪，更一般地，在3-D场景中发生的图形操作涉及多个组成图形操作。在计算机上并行执行的图形操作的调度可以增加吞吐量。在这些方面中，组件图形操作按组进行调度，具有根据公开的方面选择的成员。如果组中的所有操作无法进一步并发测试，则可以推迟对组中特定图形操作的处理。已经推迟的图形操作被重新组合成两个或更多个不同的组，并且通过所需数量的这种过程的迭代最终完成处理。在一个应用中，图形操作的性能执行搜索，其中识别在3-D场景中涉及的不同类型的几何形状之间相应的1：1匹配。例如，可以通过根据所公开的方面调度的处理来识别光线和场景几何之间的最接近的交点。

18. 发明授权

US08203555B2 Systems and methods for concurrent ray tracing 有权
标题翻译：并发射线跟踪的系统和方法
公开(公告)号：US08203555B2
公开(公告)日：2012-06-19
申请号：US12504437
申请日：2009-07-16
申请人： Luke Tilman Peterson , James Alexander McCombe , Ryan R. Salsbury
发明人： Luke Tilman Peterson , James Alexander McCombe , Ryan R. Salsbury
IPC分类号： G06T15/00
CPC分类号： G06T15/06 , G06T15/005
摘要： For ray tracing scenes composed of primitives, systems and methods can traverse rays through an acceleration structure. The traversal can be implemented by concurrently testing a plurality of nodes of the acceleration structure for intersection with a sequence of one or more rays. Such testing can occur in a plurality of test cells. Leaf nodes of the acceleration structure can bound primitives, and a sequence primitives can be tested concurrently for intersection in the test cells against a plurality of rays that have intersected a given leaf node. Intersection testing of a particular leaf node can be deferred until a sufficient quantity of rays have been collected for that node.
摘要翻译：对于由图元组成的光线跟踪场景，系统和方法可以通过加速结构穿过光线。可以通过同时测试用于与一个或多个光线的序列交叉的加速度结构的多个节点来实现遍历。这种测试可以发生在多个测试单元中。加速结构的叶节点可以绑定原语，并且可以同时测试序列原语，以便在测试单元中与已经与给定叶节点相交的多个射线的交点。可以延迟特定叶节点的交叉测试，直到为该节点收集足够数量的光线。

19. 发明申请

US20110032257A1 DYNAMIC RAY POPULATION CONTROL 有权
标题翻译：动态人口控制
公开(公告)号：US20110032257A1
公开(公告)日：2011-02-10
申请号：US12771408
申请日：2010-04-30
申请人： Luke Tilman Peterson , Ryan R. Salsbury , Sean Matthew Gies , Steven John Clohset
发明人： Luke Tilman Peterson , Ryan R. Salsbury , Sean Matthew Gies , Steven John Clohset
IPC分类号： G06T17/00
CPC分类号： G06T1/20 , G06T1/60 , G06T15/005 , G06T15/06
摘要： Aspects can be for ray tracing of 3-D scenes, and include dynamically controlling a population of rays being stored in a memory, to keep the population within a target, a memory footprint or other resource usage specification. An example includes controlling the population by examining indicia associated with rays returning from intersection testing, to be shaded, the indicia correlated with behavior of shaders to be run for those rays, such that population control selects, or reorders rays for shading, to prioritize shading of rays whose shaders are expected to produce fewer rays. The indicia can include a respective weight for each ray. In an example, analyzer modules examine hints associated with shaders bound to intersected primitives. Population control aspects can influence ray diversity in memory, including encouraging a varying diversity pattern as rendering of a given scene or frame progresses, based on system resource indicia, rendering metrics and so on.
摘要翻译：方面可以用于3-D场景的光线跟踪，并且包括动态地控制存储在存储器中的光线数量，以将人口保持在目标内，内存覆盖区或其他资源使用规范中。一个例子包括通过检查与从交叉点测试返回的光线相关联的标记来控制人口，以便被遮蔽，该标记与用于这些光线的着色器的行为相关联，使得人口控制选择或重新排列用于阴影的光线以优先化阴影预计其着色器会产生较少光线的光线。标记可以包括每个射线的相应重量。在一个示例中，分析器模块检查与绑定到相交原语的着色器相关联的提示。人口控制方面可以影响记忆中的射线多样性，其中包括根据系统资源标记，渲染度量等，鼓励在给定场景或帧的渲染过程中出现变化的多样性模式。

20. 发明授权

US07827458B1 Packet loss error recovery 有权
标题翻译：丢包错误恢复
公开(公告)号：US07827458B1
公开(公告)日：2010-11-02
申请号：US10379012
申请日：2003-03-03
申请人： Ryan R. Salsbury , James Oliver Normile , Hyeonkuk Jeong , Joe S. Abuan , Barin G. Haskell
发明人： Ryan R. Salsbury , James Oliver Normile , Hyeonkuk Jeong , Joe S. Abuan , Barin G. Haskell
IPC分类号： H04L1/18
CPC分类号： H04L1/1838
摘要： A method, apparatus, system, and signal-bearing medium that in an embodiment detect that a first packet is not received, add a place holder for the first packet in a buffer, request retransmission of the first packet, and create an estimated packet based on a combination of a second packet previous to the first packet, a third packet following the first packet, and a fourth packet from a previous frame that is spatially corresponding to the first packet. In another embodiment, a method, apparatus, system, and signal-bearing medium are provided that send a encoded packet to a receiver, save the encoded packet in a bitstream, determine whether the encoded packet is lost, and when the encoded packet is lost, decode the bitstream with the lost packet omitted and insert a reconstructed frame associated with the lost packet into a reference frame storage. In another embodiment, when the encoded packet is lost, a decoder is run on a reference frame chosen as the last uncorrupted frame. In another embodiment, when the encoded packet is lost, the decoder is run on a frame chosen from a set of previously stored reference frames.
摘要翻译：一种方法，装置，系统和信号承载介质，其在一个实施例中检测到未接收到第一分组，在缓冲器中添加第一分组的占位符，请求重新发送第一分组，并创建基于估计的分组在第一分组之前的第二分组的组合，第一分组之后的第三分组以及在空间上对应于第一分组的来自前一帧的第四分组。在另一个实施例中，提供了一种方法，装置，系统和信号承载介质，其将经编码的分组发送到接收机，将经编码的分组存储在比特流中，确定编码分组是否丢失，以及编码分组丢失时，丢失丢失的分组解码比特流，并将与丢失分组相关联的重构帧插入到参考帧存储器中。在另一个实施例中，当编码分组丢失时，解码器在被选择为最后未被破坏的帧的参考帧上运行。在另一个实施例中，当编码分组丢失时，解码器在从一组先前存储的参考帧中选择的帧上运行。

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