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11. 发明授权

US07002980B1 System and method for router queue and congestion management 有权
公开(公告)号：US07002980B1
公开(公告)日：2006-02-21
申请号：US09740923
申请日：2000-12-19
申请人： Tony M. Brewer , Jim Kleiner , Gregory S. Palmer , Keith W. Shaw
发明人： Tony M. Brewer , Jim Kleiner , Gregory S. Palmer , Keith W. Shaw
IPC分类号： H04L12/28
CPC分类号： H04L47/32 , H04L47/10 , H04L47/24 , H04L49/3081 , H04L2012/5648 , H04L2012/5681 , H04Q11/0478
摘要： In a multi-QOS level queuing structure, packet payload pointers are stored in multiple queues and packet payloads in a common memory pool. Algorithms control the drop probability of packets entering the queuing structure. Instantaneous drop probabilities are obtained by comparing measured instantaneous queue size with calculated minimum and maximum queue sizes. Non-utilized common memory space is allocated simultaneously to all queues. Time averaged drop probabilities follow a traditional Weighted Random Early Discard mechanism. Algorithms are adapted to a multi-level QOS structure, floating point format, and hardware implementation. Packet flow from a router egress queuing structure into a single egress port tributary is controlled by an arbitration algorithm using a rate metering mechanism. The queuing structure is replicated for each egress tributary in the router system.

12. 发明授权

US06993024B1 System and method for router multicast control 有权
标题翻译：路由器组播控制的系统和方法
公开(公告)号：US06993024B1
公开(公告)日：2006-01-31
申请号：US09714426
申请日：2000-11-16
申请人： Thomas C. McDermott, III , Jim Kleiner
发明人： Thomas C. McDermott, III , Jim Kleiner
IPC分类号： H04J1/00
CPC分类号： H04L49/203 , H04L49/1523 , H04L49/201 , H04Q11/0005 , H04Q2011/0039 , H04Q2011/0047
摘要： A multicast packet is transferred through a switching fabric from an input line card to a dedicated multicast card, which is substantially the same as an input and output line card, but without external facility interfaces. A dedicated output multicast card converts the multicast packet from an optical to an electrical packet and passes it to a dedicated input multicast card, where the packet is replicated electrically, converted back to an optical packet, and then transferred through the switching fabric to multiple destinations. In some embodiments, input and output dedicated multicast cards are actually a single card. Transfer of the multicast packet to multiple destinations occurs sequentially or simultaneously during a single switching cycle, if multiple parallel switching paths exist through the switching fabric. Some embodiments include multiple dedicated multicast cards, allowing rapid simultaneous expansion of the multicast tree.
摘要翻译：组播数据包通过交换结构从输入线卡传输到专用组播卡，与输入和输出线路卡基本相同，但没有外部设备接口。专用输出组播卡将组播数据包从光学转换为电子数据包，并将其传递到专用输入组播卡，将数据包电复制，转换回光学分组，然后通过交换结构传输到多个目的地。在一些实施例中，输入和输出专用多播卡实际上是单个卡。如果通过交换结构存在多个并行交换路径，则在单个切换周期内，将组播数据包传输到多个目的地顺序或同时发生。一些实施例包括多个专用多播卡，允许多播树的快速同时扩展。

13. 发明授权

US06894970B1 Router switch fabric protection using forward error correction 失效
公开(公告)号：US06894970B1
公开(公告)日：2005-05-17
申请号：US09703064
申请日：2000-10-31
申请人： Thomas C. McDermott, III , Harry C. Blackmon , Tony M. Brewer , Harold W. Dozier , Jim Kleiner , Gregory S. Palmer , Keith W. Shaw , David Traylor , Dean E. Walker
发明人： Thomas C. McDermott, III , Harry C. Blackmon , Tony M. Brewer , Harold W. Dozier , Jim Kleiner , Gregory S. Palmer , Keith W. Shaw , David Traylor , Dean E. Walker
IPC分类号： H04L12/56 , H04Q11/00 , H04Q11/04 , H04L1/22 , H04L12/26
CPC分类号： H04Q11/0005 , H04J2203/0057 , H04L49/1523 , H04L49/208 , H04L49/254 , H04L49/357 , H04L2012/5627 , H04Q11/0066 , H04Q2011/0043
摘要： Instead of alternatively utilizing only one fabric or the other fabric of a redundant pair, both fabrics simultaneously transmit duplicate information, such that each packet forwarding module (PFM) receives the output of both fabrics simultaneously. In real time, an internal optics module (IOM) analyzes each information chunk coming out of a working zero switch fabric; simultaneously examines a parallel output of a working one duplicate switch fabric; and compares on a chunk-by-chunk basis the validity of each and every chunk from both switch fabrics. The IOM does this by examining forward error correction (FEC) check symbols encapsulated into each chunk. FEC check symbols allow correcting a predetermined number of bit errors within a chunk. If the chunk cannot be corrected, then the IOM provides indication to all PFMs downstream that the chunk is defective. Under such conditions, the PFMs select a chunk from the non-defective switch fabric. Under error-free normal conditions, however, the PFMs select a chunk arbitrarily from a default switch fabric. In this way, each chunk in real time is selected from a non-defective source and is thus guaranteed to be error free. Accordingly, if a switch fabric fails, no information chunks are lost anywhere in the system.

14. 发明授权

US06879559B1 Router line card protection using one-for-N redundancy 失效
标题翻译：路由器线卡保护采用一对一冗余
公开(公告)号：US06879559B1
公开(公告)日：2005-04-12
申请号：US09703043
申请日：2000-10-31
申请人： Harry C. Blackmon , Tony M. Brewer , Harold W. Dozier , Jim Kleiner , Thomas C. McDermott, III , Gregory S. Palmer , Keith W. Shaw , David Traylor
发明人： Harry C. Blackmon , Tony M. Brewer , Harold W. Dozier , Jim Kleiner , Thomas C. McDermott, III , Gregory S. Palmer , Keith W. Shaw , David Traylor
IPC分类号： H04L12/56 , H04L1/22
CPC分类号： H04L45/28 , H04L45/00 , H04L45/583 , H04L49/552
摘要： Router line cards are partitioned, separating packet forwarding from external or internal interfaces and enabling multiple line cards to access any set of external or internal data paths. Any failed working line card can be switchably replaced by another line card. In particular, a serial bus structure on the interface side interconnects any interface port within a protection group with a protect line card for that group. Incremental capacity allows the protect line card to perform packet forward functions. Logical mapping of line card addressing and identification provides locally managed protection switching of a line card that is transparent to other router line cards and to all peer routers. One-for-N protection ratios, where N is some integer greater than two, can be achieved economically, yet provide sufficient capacity with acceptable protection switch time under 100 milliseconds. Alternatively, protect line cards can routinely carry low priority traffic that is interruptible, allowing the protect line card to handle higher priority traffic previously carried by a failed working line card. This approach renders unnecessary engineering a network for less than full capacity to allow rerouting in the event of individual line card failure. Consequently, all data paths can be fully utilized. If a particular interface module on one data bus needs removal for maintenance, a duplicate data bus is available intact, allowing hot replacement of any working or protect interface module, even while a line card protection switch is in effect.
摘要翻译：路由器线路卡被分区，将数据包转发与外部或内部接口分离，并允许多个线路卡访问任何一组外部或内部数据路径。任何失败的工作线卡都可以用另一个线卡替代。特别地，接口侧的串行总线结构将保护组内的任何接口端口与该组的保护线路卡相互连接。增量容量允许保护线路卡执行数据包转发功能。线卡寻址和识别的逻辑映射提供对其他路由器线路卡和所有对等路由器透明的线路卡的本地管理保护倒换。一个N保护比，其中N是一个大于2的整数，可以经济实现，但提供足够的容量和可接受的保护开关时间在100毫秒以下。或者，保护线路卡可以常规地携带可中断的低优先级业务，从而允许保护线路卡处理先前由故障工作线路卡携带的较高优先级的业务。这种方法使不必要的工程网络满足不足的容量，以允许在单独的线路卡故障的情况下重新路由。因此，可以充分利用所有数据路径。如果一个数据总线上的特定接口模块需要拆卸维护，则重复的数据总线可以完整使用，即使在线卡保护开关有效时，也可以热插拔任何工作或保护接口模块。

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