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    • 101. 发明授权
    • Process of preparing nanocrystalline powders of an electroactive alloy
    • 制备电活性合金的纳米晶体粉末的方法
    • US5395422A
    • 1995-03-07
    • US876919
    • 1992-04-30
    • Robert SchulzJean-Yves HuotMichel Trudeau
    • Robert SchulzJean-Yves HuotMichel Trudeau
    • B22F9/00C22C1/04C25B11/04B22F1/00
    • B22F9/005C22C1/045C25B11/0478
    • There are described powders comprising agglomerated nanocrystals of an electroactive alloy and oxygen. The main component of the alloy can be of nickel, cobalt, iron or mixtures thereof while the alloying element is one or more transition metals such as Mo, W, V, the alloy also including oxygen. Preferably the nanocrystals will be made of an alloy of nickel, molybdenum and oxygen. An electrode which is used by compacting the powders is also disclosed. Also disclosed, is a process for producing the powders by providing particles of nickel, cobalt and iron or oxides thereof with particles of at least one transition metal, (Mo, W, V) or oxides thereof and subjecting the particles to high energy mechanical alloying such as ball milling under conditions which include oxygen and for a sufficient period of time to produce a nanocrystalline alloy. Electrodes produced from these powders have an electrocatalytic activity for the hydrogen evolution which is comparable or higher than the electrodes which are presently used in the electrochemical industry. Moreover, these materials present an excellent chemical, electrochemical and mechanical stability. When use as a cathode the powders are useful in water electrolyzers, in chlor-alkali or the like cells.
    • 描述了包含电活性合金和氧的聚集的纳米晶体的粉末。 合金的主要成分可以是镍,钴,铁或其混合物,而合金元素是一种或多种过渡金属如Mo,W,V,该合金也包括氧。 优选地,纳米晶体将由镍,钼和氧的合金制成。 还公开了用于压实粉末的电极。 还公开了通过提供镍,钴和铁或其氧化物的颗粒与至少一种过渡金属(Mo,W,V)或其氧化物的颗粒并使颗粒经受高能机械合金化的方法来生产粉末的方法 例如在包括氧气的条件下进行球磨并持续足够的时间以产生纳米晶体合金。 由这些粉末制成的电极具有与目前在电化学工业中使用的电极相当或更高的氢析出的电催化活性。 此外,这些材料具有优异的化学,电化学和机械稳定性。 当用作阴极时,粉末可用于水电解器,氯碱等细胞。
    • 102. 发明授权
    • Process for making nanocrystalline metallic alloy powders by high energy
mechanical alloying
    • 通过高能机械合金化制备纳米晶金属合金粉末的方法
    • US5112388A
    • 1992-05-12
    • US396677
    • 1989-08-22
    • Robert SchulzJean-Yves HuotMichel Trudeau
    • Robert SchulzJean-Yves HuotMichel Trudeau
    • B22F9/00C22C1/04C25B11/04
    • C25B11/0478B22F9/005C22C1/045Y10S977/777Y10S977/84
    • There are described metallic powders comprising agglomerated nanocrystals of an electroactive alloy. The main component of the alloy can be of nickel, cobalt, iron or mixtures thereof while the alloying element is one or more transition metals such as Mo, W, V. Preferably the nanocrystals will be made of an alloy of nickel and molybdenum. An electrode which is used by compacting the powders is also disclosed. Also disclosed, is a process for producing the metallic powders by providing particles of nickel, cobalt and iron with particles of at least one transition metal, (Mo, W, V) and subjecting the particles to high energy mechanical alloying such as ball milling under conditions and for a sufficient period of time to produce a nanocrystalline alloy. Electrodes produced from these powders have an electrocatalytic activity for the hydrogen evolution which is comparable or higher than the electrodes which are presently used in the electrochemical industry. Moreover, these materials present an excellent chemical, electrochemical and mechanical stability.
    • 描述了包含电活性合金的聚集的纳米晶体的金属粉末。 合金的主要成分可以是镍,钴,铁或其混合物,而合金元素是一种或多种过渡金属如Mo,W,V。优选地,纳米晶体将由镍和钼的合金制成。 还公开了用于压实粉末的电极。 还公开了通过提供镍,钴和铁的颗粒与至少一种过渡金属(Mo,W,V)的颗粒并使颗粒进行高能机械合金化如球磨的方法来生产金属粉末的方法, 条件和足够的时间以产生纳米晶体合金。 由这些粉末制成的电极具有与目前在电化学工业中使用的电极相当或更高的氢析出的电催化活性。 此外,这些材料具有优异的化学,电化学和机械稳定性。
    • 103. 发明授权
    • Process for producing formed amorphous bodies with improved, homogeneous
properties
    • 具有改进的均匀性质的形成的非晶体的制备方法
    • US4761263A
    • 1988-08-02
    • US865996
    • 1986-05-22
    • Constantin PolitisWilliam L. JohnsonWolfgang Pflumm
    • Constantin PolitisWilliam L. JohnsonWolfgang Pflumm
    • B22F1/00B22F3/00B22F9/00B22F9/04C22C1/04C22C1/10
    • C22C1/1084B22F3/006B22F9/005B22F9/04
    • Process for producing formed bodies with improved homogeneous properties, high resistance to oxidation and corrosion, great hardness and firmness, good mechanical workability, and high resistance to abrasion, made out of an initial power material which contains two elemental metals; or one or more alloys; or one or more elemental metals and one or more alloys; or a combination of one or more elemental metals and/or one or more alloys with one or more metalloids and/or one or more non-metallic substances, except for formed bodies made of NiTi, of Nb.sub.3 Sn, of stoichiometric, binary intermettalic yttrium-cobalt compounds and gadolinium-cobalt compounds, and of Ni.sub.60 Nb.sub.40, wherein the initial material, in metallic form or in the form of a hard material or a mixture thereof, is ground to a fine pulverized powder in a high-energy ball mill, and in which the fine powder is subsequently shaped into a formed body, comprising: conducting the fine pulverization of the powder in a dry, purified protective gas until it loses practically all of its crystalline properties, as proven by X-ray diffractometry, while employing a temperature during the milling process which is below the temperature at which crystallization first occurs, and employing a temperature, during the subsequent shaping which is below the temperature at which crystallization first occurs.
    • 具有改善均质性,高耐氧化腐蚀性,高硬度和坚固性,良好的机械加工性和高耐磨性的成形体的方法,由含有两种元素金属的初始动力材料制成; 或一种或多种合金; 或一种或多种元素金属和一种或更多种合金; 或一种或多种元素金属和/或一种或多种合金与一种或多种准金属和/或一种或多种非金属物质的组合,除了NiTi制成的Nb 3 Sn的化学计量的二元金属间钇 - 钴化合物和钆 - 钴化合物,以及Ni60Nb40,其中将金属形式或硬质材料或其混合物形式的初始材料在高能球磨机中研磨成细粉碎粉末,并且在 其中细粉末随后成形为成形体,包括:在干燥的纯化保护气体中进行细粉碎,直到其几乎全部失去其结晶性质,如通过X射线衍射所证明的,同时使用温度 在低于结晶第一次发生的温度的研磨过程中,并且在随后的成形期间使用低于结晶第一次发生的温度的温度。