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101. 发明申请

US20050031045A1 Methods and apparatus for synchronously combining signals from plural transmitters 有权
标题翻译：用于同步组合来自多个发射机的信号的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US20050031045A1
公开(公告)日：2005-02-10
申请号：US10073037
申请日：2002-02-12
申请人： Michael Mayor , Ning Lu
发明人： Michael Mayor , Ning Lu
IPC分类号： H04B7/02 , H04B7/06 , H04K1/10
CPC分类号： H04B1/7115 , H04B1/7117 , H04B7/022 , H04B7/026
摘要： Enhanced reception of transmitted signals in a communication system is achieved by synchronously combining transmissions from a cluster of transmitters at a distant receiver. The transmitters coordinate transmissions such that each substantially simultaneously transmits the same signal on the same communication channel. As a consequence of the spatial diversity of the transmitters, the transmitted signals arrive at the receiver at different times. The receiver essentially treats the different transmitted signals as though they were different multipath signals from a single transmitter. A multipath equalizer or combiner is used to determine timing offsets among the received signals, and the received signals are time aligned by phase rotating the signals in accordance with the estimated timing offsets. The time-aligned signals are then coherently combined and detected. The combined signal has a greater signal-to-noise ratio than the individual received signals, permitting detection at a greater range or with a lower bit error rate.
摘要翻译：在通信系统中对发射信号的增强的接收是通过在远距离的接收机上同步组合来自发射机簇的传输来实现的。发射机协调发射，使得每个发射机在相同的通信信道上基本上同时发射相同的信号。作为发射机的空间分集的结果，传输的信号在不同的时间到达接收机。接收机基本上将不同的发射信号视为与单个发射机不同的多路径信号。使用多径均衡器或组合器来确定接收信号之间的定时偏移，并且接收的信号通过根据估计的定时偏移相位旋转信号而被时间对准。然后将时间对齐的信号相干组合和检测。组合信号具有比各个接收信号更大的信噪比，允许在较大范围或较低误码率下进行检测。

102. 发明授权

US06647137B1 Characterizing kernel function in photolithography based on photoresist pattern 失效
标题翻译：基于光刻胶图案在光刻中表征核函数
公开(公告)号：US06647137B1
公开(公告)日：2003-11-11
申请号：US09612887
申请日：2000-07-10
申请人： Ning Lu
发明人： Ning Lu
IPC分类号： G06K900
CPC分类号： G06T7/60 , G03F7/705 , G03F7/7065 , G06T2207/30148
摘要： A method and structure for determining a range and a shape of a kernel function of a lithographic system which includes exposing, in the lithographic system, a photosensitive layer on a top surface of a substrate through a mask having a mask image, the mask image being of sufficient width to ensure a transferred image will not exhibit foreshortening but will exhibit corner rounding; developing the photosensitive layer to form the transferred image in the photosensitive layer; measuring a distance from an intersection of projected extensions of edges of the transferred image to a point along one edge where corner rounding starts; and defining the range of the kernel function as the measured distance. The projected extension edges are an unaltered version of the mask image overlaid on the transferred image and the foreshortening is a reduction in length of transferred images when compared to the mask image. Corner rounding occurs as a result of light diffraction and photosensitive layer development processes. The measuring simultaneously accommodates for the light diffraction and photosensitive layer development effects.
摘要翻译：一种用于确定光刻系统的核心功能的范围和形状的方法和结构，其包括在光刻系统中通过具有掩模图像的掩模在基板的顶表面上曝光感光层，所述掩模图像足够的宽度，以确保转印的图像不会展现缩短，但会呈现圆角; 显影感光层以在感光层中形成转印图像; 测量从传送图像的边缘的投影延伸的交点到沿着开始圆角的一个边缘的点的距离; 并将内核函数的范围定义为测量距离。投影的延伸边缘是覆盖在传送图像上的掩模图像的未改变版本，并且缩写是与掩模图像相比时传送的图像的长度的减小。由于光衍射和感光层显影过程，发生角圆化。测量同时适用于光衍射和感光层显影效果。

103. 发明授权

US06329107B1 Method of characterizing partial coherent light illumination and its application to serif mask design 失效
标题翻译：表征局部相干光照的方法及其在衬线掩模设计中的应用
公开(公告)号：US06329107B1
公开(公告)日：2001-12-11
申请号：US09526424
申请日：2000-03-15
申请人： Ning Lu
发明人： Ning Lu
IPC分类号： G03F900
CPC分类号： G03F7/70441
摘要： A method and structure for serif mask design for correcting optical proximity effects in photolithography first characterizes a partial coherent light illumination from a photolithographic system and then utilizes the characterization results to perform serif mask design for the purpose of optical proximity corrections. The characterization of a partial coherent light illumination includes identifying an effective range of optical proximity effects for the photolithographic system, and focusing on slow-varying angle dependent terms in mutual intensity function, etc. The method and structure for serif mask design starts from ideal serif and hole design that work perfectly under a complete coherent illumination or under a complete incoherent illumination. For an outer corner, the initial design is a quarter-circle serif centered at the outer corner and located at the opposite quadrant of outer corner itself. The method then adjusts the size and shape of the serif until the image intensity at a point along the edge. For an inner corner, the initial design is a quarter-circle hole centered at the inner corner and located symmetrically inside the mask. The method then adjusts the size and shape of the serif until the aerial image intensity at the outer corner equals the aerial image intensity at a point along the edge.
摘要翻译：用于校正光刻中的光学邻近效应的衬里掩模设计的方法和结构首先表征来自光刻系统的部分相干光照明，然后利用表征结果来执行用于光学邻近校正的衬线掩模设计。部分相干光照明的表征包括识别光刻系统的光学邻近效应的有效范围，并且关注相互强度函数等中的慢变角相关项。等等。衬线掩模设计的方法和结构从理想衬线开始和孔设计，在完整的相干照明下或完全不相干的照明下完美地工作。对于外角，初始设计是一个四分之一圈的衬线，位于外角的中心位置，位于外角本身的相对象限处。然后，该方法调整衬线的尺寸和形状，直到沿着边缘的点处的图像强度。对于内角，初始设计是以内角为中心的四分之一圆孔，对称地位于掩模内。然后，该方法调整衬线的尺寸和形状，直到外角处的空间像强度等于沿着边缘的点处的空间像强度。

104. 发明授权

US06303253B1 Hierarchy and domain-balancing method and algorithm for serif mask design in microlithography 失效
标题翻译：层状和域平衡方法和算法用于微光刻中的衬线掩模设计
公开(公告)号：US06303253B1
公开(公告)日：2001-10-16
申请号：US09526856
申请日：2000-03-16
申请人： Ning Lu
发明人： Ning Lu
IPC分类号： G03F900
CPC分类号： G03F1/36
摘要： A structure and method for performing optical proximity correction in photolithographic masks includes defining a hierarchy of inner bands adjacent and inside edges and ends of a mask structure within the photolithographic mask, defining a hierarchy of outer bands adjacent and outside edges and ends of said mask structure changing a transparency of part of the inner and outer bands for the mask structure to correct for optical proximity errors using predefined transparency changes, determining whether the predefined transparency changes affect the outer band of the mask structure or outer bands of other mask structures on the photolithographic mask, and altering the predefined transparency changes to prevent the predefined transparency changes from affecting the outer band and the outer bands. Domain-balancing method and algorithm are used to decide the position, shape, and size of serifs and holes in the predefined transparency changes.
摘要翻译：用于在光刻掩模中执行光学邻近校正的结构和方法包括限定光刻掩模内的掩模结构的边缘和端部的边界和端部的内部带的层级，限定所述掩模结构的边缘和末端的外部带的层级改变掩模结构的内部和外部部分的一部分的透明度，以使用预定义的透明度改变来校正光学邻近误差，确定预定的透明度变化是否影响掩模结构的外部带宽或其他光刻结构的外部带掩模和改变预定义的透明度改变以防止预定义的透明度改变影响外部带和外部带。域平衡方法和算法用于在预定义的透明度变化中确定衬线和孔的位置，形状和大小。

105. 发明授权

US5867603A Method for transmitting fractal transform data to support different compressor/decompressor designs 失效
$Method for transmitting fractal transform data to support different compressor/decompressor designs$
标题翻译：用于传输分形变换数据以支持不同压缩器/解压缩器设计的方法
公开(公告)号：US5867603A
公开(公告)日：1999-02-02
申请号：US499941
申请日：1995-07-10
申请人： Michael F. Barnsley , Ning Lu , David R. Howard
发明人： Michael F. Barnsley , Ning Lu , David R. Howard
IPC分类号： G06T9/00 , H04N1/41 , H04N7/52 , G06K9/36 , G06K9/46
CPC分类号： H04N19/99 , G06T9/001 , H04N7/52
摘要： A method for transmitting fractal transform parameters generated by a variety of compressors using different fractal transform parameters is disclosed. The method includes generating an universal header having image reference data, color space data, fractal transform region reference data, and file decoding data and generating a fractal transform data segment having fractal transform parameters for domains and ranges used by a compressor to generate fractal transform parameters. The image reference data includes image dimensions expressed in physical size units so that the regeneration of the image at a decompressor is resolution independent. The color space parameters include identification of the original image color space and may include identification of a color space into which the original image is converted. The fractal transform region reference data includes dimensional information regarding panels, domains, and ranges used by the compressor and such data is expressed in physical size units to further support the resolution independence of the image regeneration. The method preferably includes the step of generating an optional header which identifies frequently used spatial matrix coefficients, scaling factors, and gradient matrix coefficients. The fractal transform parameters associated with each of the domains in the fractal transform data segment include indices which correlate a domain to spatial matrix coefficients, a scaling factor, or gradient matrix coefficients in the optional header. In this way, the transmission method efficiently provides frequently used spatial matrices, scaling factors, and gradient matrices to a decompressor so the decompressor can correlate these frequently used forms to domains during regeneration.
摘要翻译：公开了一种使用不同分形变换参数来传输由各种压缩机产生的分形变换参数的方法。该方法包括生成具有图像参考数据，颜色空间数据，分形变换区域参考数据和文件解码数据的通用报头，并且生成具有分形变换参数的分形变换数据段，用于由压缩器使用的域和范围来生成分形变换参数。图像参考数据包括以物理尺寸单位表示的图像尺寸，使得在解压缩器处的图像的再生是分辨率独立的。颜色空间参数包括原始图像颜色空间的识别，并且可以包括原始图像被转换成的颜色空间的标识。分形变换区域参考数据包括关于压缩器使用的面板，域和范围的尺寸信息，并且这些数据以物理尺寸单位表示，以进一步支持图像再生的分辨率独立性。该方法优选地包括产生标识频繁使用的空间矩阵系数，缩放因子和梯度矩阵系数的可选报头的步骤。与分形变换数据段中的每个域相关联的分形变换参数包括将域与空间矩阵系数相关联的索引，缩放因子或可选报头中的梯度矩阵系数。以这种方式，传输方法有效地将频繁使用的空间矩阵，缩放因子和梯度矩阵提供给解压缩器，因此解压缩器可以在再生期间将这些经常使用的形式与域相关联。

106. 发明授权

US09363513B2 Methods, systems, and computer program products for assessing a macroblock candidate for conversion to a skipped macroblock 有权
标题翻译：用于评估用于转换为跳过宏块的宏块候选的方法，系统和计算机程序产品
公开(公告)号：US09363513B2
公开(公告)日：2016-06-07
申请号：US13995184
申请日：2011-12-14
申请人： Satya N. Yedidi , Atthar H. Mohammed , Hong Jiang , Ning Lu
发明人： Satya N. Yedidi , Atthar H. Mohammed , Hong Jiang , Ning Lu
IPC分类号： H04N19/00 , H04N19/583 , H04N19/139 , H04N19/176 , H04N19/51 , H04N19/109 , H04N19/124 , H04N19/157
CPC分类号： H04N19/51 , H04N19/109 , H04N19/124 , H04N19/139 , H04N19/157 , H04N19/176
摘要： A sequence of encoded data associated with a block of video is assessed to determine if: quantized coefficients of transformed residual pixel data associated with the block are equal to zero, the block was encoded using a temporal compression process, a slice that includes the block is configured to be encoded using only one reference picture list or two reference picture lists, the block is unpartitioned or was encoded in direct mode, a reference picture used to encode the block is the reference picture associated with a lowest index value on the one reference picture list, and an actual motion vector associated with the block is equal to a predicted motion vector associated with the block.
摘要翻译：评估与视频块相关联的编码数据的序列，以确定：与块相关联的经变换的残差像素数据的量化系数是否等于零，使用时间压缩处理对块进行编码，包括块的片是被配置为仅使用一个参考图像列表或两个参考图像列表进行编码，该块被未分割或以直接模式编码，用于对该块进行编码的参考图像是与一个参考图像上的最低索引值相关联的参考图像列表，并且与块相关联的实际运动矢量等于与块相关联的预测运动矢量。

107. 发明授权

US09362749B2 Controller for thermostatically controlled loads 有权
标题翻译：用于恒温控制负载的控制器
公开(公告)号：US09362749B2
公开(公告)日：2016-06-07
申请号：US13452340
申请日：2012-04-20
申请人： Ning Lu , Yu Zhang , Pengwei Du , Yuri V. Makarov
发明人： Ning Lu , Yu Zhang , Pengwei Du , Yuri V. Makarov
IPC分类号： G05B15/00 , G05D23/19 , H02J3/14 , F24F11/00
CPC分类号： H02J3/14 , F24F11/30 , F24F2110/00 , F24F2130/00 , F24F2130/10 , F24F2140/50 , G05D23/1902 , G05D23/1917 , G05D23/1931 , Y02B70/3225 , Y02B70/3275 , Y04S20/222 , Y04S20/244
摘要： A system and method of controlling aggregated thermostatically controlled appliances (TCAs) for demand response is disclosed. A targeted load profile is formulated and a forecasted load profile is generated. The TCAs within an “on” or “off” control group are prioritized based on their operating temperatures. The “on” or “off” status of the TCAs is determined. Command signals are sent to turn on or turn off the TCAs.
摘要翻译：公开了一种控制用于需求响应的聚合恒温控制设备（TCAs）的系统和方法。制定目标负载曲线并生成预测负载曲线。 “开”或“关”控制组中的TCA根据其工作温度进行优先排序。确定TCAs的“开”或“关”状态。发送命令信号以打开或关闭TCA。

108. 发明授权

US09310792B2 Scheduling and modeling the operation of controllable and non-controllable electronic devices 有权
标题翻译：调度和建模可控和不可控电子设备的操作
公开(公告)号：US09310792B2
公开(公告)日：2016-04-12
申请号：US12772954
申请日：2010-05-03
申请人： Ning Lu , Pengwei Du , Xinxin Guo , Robert G. Pratt , Donald J. Hammerstrom
发明人： Ning Lu , Pengwei Du , Xinxin Guo , Robert G. Pratt , Donald J. Hammerstrom
IPC分类号： G06F1/28 , G06F1/26 , G06Q50/00 , G05B23/02 , G06Q10/00 , G05B19/042 , G06Q10/04 , G06Q10/06
CPC分类号： G05B19/042 , G05B2219/2639 , G06F1/266 , G06Q10/04 , G06Q10/06 , G06Q10/067 , Y02B70/3241 , Y04S10/54 , Y04S20/227
摘要： Disclosed herein are representative embodiments of methods, apparatus, and systems for controlling and scheduling power distribution in a power network, such as household power network. One disclosed embodiment is a system comprising a central controller and a control device coupled to a household appliance. The central controller can comprise computing hardware coupled to a wireless transceiver. The central controller can be configured to generate and transmit control signals for controlling the operational state of the household appliance according to the schedule. Furthermore, the control device can be configured to receive the transmitted control signals from the central controller and to control the operational state of the household appliance in response to the control signals.
摘要翻译：这里公开了用于控制和调度诸如家用电力网络的电力网络中的配电的方法，装置和系统的代表性实施例。一个公开的实施例是包括中央控制器和耦合到家用电器的控制装置的系统。中央控制器可以包括耦合到无线收发器的计算硬件。中央控制器可以被配置为根据时间表产生和发送用于控制家用电器的操作状态的控制信号。此外，控制装置可以被配置为从中央控制器接收发送的控制信号，并且响应于控制信号来控制家用电器的操作状态。

109. 发明申请

US20150039779A1 CONTENT ADAPTIVE HIGH PRECISION MACROBLOCK RATE CONTROL 有权
标题翻译：内容自适应高精度宏块速率控制
公开(公告)号：US20150039779A1
公开(公告)日：2015-02-05
申请号：US13995587
申请日：2011-12-23
申请人： Ning Lu , James M. Holland , Hong Jiang
发明人： Ning Lu , James M. Holland , Hong Jiang
IPC分类号： H04L29/06 , H04N19/60 , H04N19/124
CPC分类号： H04L65/601 , H04L65/607 , H04N19/115 , H04N19/124 , H04N19/132 , H04N19/149 , H04N19/167 , H04N19/176 , H04N19/18 , H04N19/192 , H04N19/60
摘要： Methods and systems may include an apparatus having hardware logic to allocate a set of macroblock bit budgets for a bitstream associated with a video signal. The hardware logic can also control a frame size of the bitstream based on the set of macroblock bit budgets in a single pass encode configuration. In one example, the hardware logic adjusts one or more quantization parameters of the bitstream according to the set of macroblock bit budgets.
摘要翻译：方法和系统可以包括具有用于为与视频信号相关联的比特流分配一组宏块比特预算的硬件逻辑的装置。硬件逻辑还可以基于单遍编码配置中的宏块比特预算集来控制比特流的帧大小。在一个示例中，硬件逻辑根据宏块位预算的集合来调整比特流的一个或多个量化参数。

110. 发明授权

US08916919B2 Interdigitated vertical native capacitor 有权
标题翻译：交叉垂直本机电容
公开(公告)号：US08916919B2
公开(公告)日：2014-12-23
申请号：US13167076
申请日：2011-06-23
申请人： Eric Thompson , Roger A. Booth, Jr. , Ning Lu , Christopher S. Putnam
发明人： Eric Thompson , Roger A. Booth, Jr. , Ning Lu , Christopher S. Putnam
IPC分类号： H01L27/108 , H01L29/76 , H01L23/522 , H01L27/02 , H01L49/02
CPC分类号： H01L23/5223 , H01L27/0207 , H01L28/60 , H01L2924/0002 , H01L2924/00
摘要： A metal capacitor structure includes a plurality of line level structures vertically interconnected with via level structures. Each first line level structure and each second line level structure includes a set of parallel metal lines that is physically joined at an end to a rectangular tab structure having a rectangular horizontal cross-sectional area. A first set of parallel metal lines within a first line level structure and a second set of parallel metal lines within a second line level structure are interdigitated and parallel to each other, and can collectively form an interdigitated uniform pitch structure. Because the rectangular tab structures do not protrude toward each other within a region between two facing sidewalls of the rectangular tab structures, sub-resolution assist features (SRAFs) can be employed to provide a uniform width and a uniform pitch throughout the entirety of the interdigitated uniform pitch structure.
摘要翻译：金属电容器结构包括与通孔层结构垂直相互连接的多个线路层结构。每个第一行级别结构和每个第二行级结构包括一组平行金属线，其在端部物理连接到具有矩形水平横截面积的矩形突片结构。第一线级结构内的第一组平行金属线和第二线级结构内的第二组平行金属线彼此交叉并且彼此平行，并且可以共同形成叉指的均匀间距结构。由于矩形凸片结构在矩形凸片结构的两个相对的侧壁之间的区域内不会朝向彼此突出，所以可以采用副分辨率辅助特征（SRAF）来提供在整个交叉的整体上的均匀的宽度和均匀的间距均匀节距结构。

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