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91. 发明申请

US20080045856A1 Apparatus and Method for Electrical Stimulation of Human Retina 有权
标题翻译：人类视网膜电刺激装置及方法
公开(公告)号：US20080045856A1
公开(公告)日：2008-02-21
申请号：US11926054
申请日：2007-10-28
申请人： Alan Horsager , Scott Greenwald , Mark Humayun , Matthew McMahon , Ione Fine , Robert Greenberg , Geoffrey Boynton
发明人： Alan Horsager , Scott Greenwald , Mark Humayun , Matthew McMahon , Ione Fine , Robert Greenberg , Geoffrey Boynton
IPC分类号： A61B3/02 , A61N1/18
CPC分类号： A61N1/36046
摘要： An apparatus and method for retinal stimulation are shown. The method comprises varied parameters, including frequency, pulse width, and pattern of pulse trains to determine a stimulation pattern and visual perception threshold.
摘要翻译：显示视网膜刺激的装置和方法。该方法包括各种参数，包括脉冲序列的频率，脉冲宽度和模式，以确定刺激模式和视觉感知阈值。

92. 发明申请

US20080021515A1 Apparatus and method for electrical stimulation of human retina 有权
标题翻译：人类视网膜电刺激的装置和方法
公开(公告)号：US20080021515A1
公开(公告)日：2008-01-24
申请号：US11818373
申请日：2007-06-14
申请人： Alan Horsager , Scott Greenwald , Mark Humayun , Matthew McMahon , Ione Fine , Robert Greenberg , Geoffrey Boynton
发明人： Alan Horsager , Scott Greenwald , Mark Humayun , Matthew McMahon , Ione Fine , Robert Greenberg , Geoffrey Boynton
IPC分类号： A61N1/00
CPC分类号： A61N1/36046
摘要： An apparatus and method for retinal stimulation are shown. The method comprises varied parameters, including frequency, pulse width, and pattern of pulse trains to determine a stimulation pattern and visual perception threshold.
摘要翻译：显示视网膜刺激的装置和方法。该方法包括各种参数，包括脉冲序列的频率，脉冲宽度和模式，以确定刺激模式和视觉感知阈值。

93. 发明申请

US20070191911A1 Fitting a neural prosthesis using impedance and electrode height 有权
标题翻译：使用阻抗和电极高度拟合神经假体
公开(公告)号：US20070191911A1
公开(公告)日：2007-08-16
申请号：US11607201
申请日：2006-12-01
申请人： Robert Greenberg , Ione Fine , Arup Roy , Matthew McMahon , Mark Humayun , James Weiland , Alan Horsager , Dao Zhou , Amy Hines , Sumit Yadav , Rongqing Dai
发明人： Robert Greenberg , Ione Fine , Arup Roy , Matthew McMahon , Mark Humayun , James Weiland , Alan Horsager , Dao Zhou , Amy Hines , Sumit Yadav , Rongqing Dai
IPC分类号： A61N1/18
CPC分类号： A61N1/0543 , A61N1/36046 , A61N1/37247
摘要： The invention is a method of automatically adjusting an electrode array to the neural characteristics of an individual subject. The response to electrical neural stimulation varies from subject to subject. Measure of impedance may be used to predict the electrode height from the neural tissue and, thereby, predict the threshold of perception. Alternatively, electrode height may be measured directly to predict the threshold of perception. Also, impedance measurement may be used to quickly identify defective electrodes and proper electrode placement.
摘要翻译：本发明是一种将电极阵列自动调整为个体对象的神经特征的方法。对电神经刺激的反应因受试者而异。可以使用阻抗测量来预测来自神经组织的电极高度，从而预测感知的阈值。或者，可以直接测量电极高度以预测感知阈值。此外，阻抗测量可用于快速识别有缺陷的电极和适当的电极放置。

94. 发明授权

US07252006B2 Implantable mechanical pressure sensor and method of manufacturing the same 有权
标题翻译：可植入式机械压力传感器及其制造方法
公开(公告)号：US07252006B2
公开(公告)日：2007-08-07
申请号：US11148124
申请日：2005-06-07
申请人： Yu-Chong Tai , Ellis Meng , Po-Jui Chen , Damien C. Rodger , Mark Humayun
发明人： Yu-Chong Tai , Ellis Meng , Po-Jui Chen , Damien C. Rodger , Mark Humayun
IPC分类号： G01L9/00
CPC分类号： A61B3/16 , A61B2562/02 , A61B2562/028 , G01L7/045
摘要： A biocompatible, mechanical, micromachined pressure sensor and methods of manufacturing such a pressure sensor are provided. The pressure sensor of the current invention includes a high-aspect-ratio curved-tube structure fabricated through a one-layer parylene process. The pressure sensor of the current invention requires zero power consumption and indicates the pressure variation by changes of the in situ in-plane motion of the sensor, which can be gauged externally by a direct and convenient optical observation. In one embodiment, the pressure sensor of the current invention has been shown to work as an IOP sensor for eye implantation where the intraocular in-plane motion of the sensor can be recorded from outside of the eye, such that the intraocular pressure in glaucoma patients can be constantly monitored.
摘要翻译：提供生物相容的，机械的，微加工的压力传感器以及制造这种压力传感器的方法。本发明的压力传感器包括通过一层聚对二甲苯工艺制造的高纵横比弯曲管结构。本发明的压力传感器需要零功率消耗，并且通过传感器的原位面内运动的变化来指示压力变化，其可以通过直接和方便的光学观察在外部测量。在一个实施例中，本发明的压力传感器已经被证明可用作眼睛植入的IOP传感器，其中可以从眼睛外部记录传感器的眼内平面内运动，使得青光眼患者的眼内压可以不断监控。

95. 发明申请

US20060282130A1 Neural stimulation for increased persistence 有权
公开(公告)号：US20060282130A1
公开(公告)日：2006-12-14
申请号：US11506619
申请日：2006-08-17
申请人： Arup Roy , Robert Greenberg , Mark Humayun , Kelly McClure
发明人： Arup Roy , Robert Greenberg , Mark Humayun , Kelly McClure
IPC分类号： A61N1/04
CPC分类号： A61N1/36046
摘要： The present invention is a method of improving the persistence of electrical neural stimulation, and specifically a method of improving the persistence of an image supplied to a retina, or visual cortex, through a visual prosthesis. A continuously stimulated retina, or other neural tissue, will desensitize after a time period in the range of 20 to 150 seconds. However, an interruption of the stimulation on the order of a few milliseconds will restore the retinal sensitivity without the user perceiving the interruption, or with the user barely perceiving the interruption.

96. 发明申请

US20060253172A1 Retinal prosthesis with separate central electrode array and peripheral electrode array 有权
标题翻译：视网膜假体具有分离的中心电极阵列和外围电极阵列
公开(公告)号：US20060253172A1
公开(公告)日：2006-11-09
申请号：US11418677
申请日：2006-05-04
申请人： Robert Greenberg , Mark Humayun
发明人： Robert Greenberg , Mark Humayun
IPC分类号： A61F9/00
CPC分类号： A61N1/0543 , A61F9/08 , A61N1/36046
摘要： The artificial percept of light may be created by electrically stimulating the neurons of the retina. While a photolithographed array internal to the retina provides superior resolution, an array external to the retina provides easier implantation and improved manufacturability. Therefore it is advantageous to supply a high-resolution electrode array internal to the sclera, near the fovea and a lower-resolution electrode array eternal to the sclera near the periphery of the retina. The preferred method of manufacturing a high-resolution electrode array is through photolithography, which requires the array to be made flat. While it is possible to curve the array afterward, it is difficult and costly. I small high-resolution array can be implanted near the fovea. Due to its small size, curvature is less of an issue. A larger lower-resolution array can be molded in silicone or similar method and placed around the periphery, of the retina, where the retina is naturally lower resolution. Further, the lower-resolution array can be implanted external to the sclera reducing the number of electrical connectors passing through the sclera. Even if a separate lower-resolution array is implanted internal to the sclera, super-choroidal (between the choroid and sclera) or intra-scleral (between the layers of the sclera), it is easier to make a lower-resolution array in a curved shape.
摘要翻译：光的人造感知可以通过电刺激视网膜的神经元来产生。虽然在视网膜内部的光刻阵列提供优异的分辨率，但是视网膜外部的阵列提供更容易的植入和改进的可制造性。因此，在中央凹附近提供巩膜内部的高分辨率电极阵列和靠近视网膜周边的巩膜永久的较低分辨率的电极阵列是有利的。制造高分辨率电极阵列的优选方法是通过光刻法，其需要使阵列平坦。虽然以后可以对阵列进行曲线化，但是难度高昂。我小型高分辨率阵列可以植入中央凹附近。由于其体积小，曲率较少是一个问题。更大的较低分辨率阵列可以用硅树脂或类似的方法模制，并且放置在视网膜的周边周围，其中视网膜天然较低的分辨率。此外，较低分辨率阵列可以植入巩膜外部，从而减少通过巩膜的电连接器的数量。即使单独的较低分辨率阵列植入巩膜内部，超脉络膜（脉络膜和巩膜之间）或巩膜内（巩膜层之间），则更容易在较低分辨率阵列弯曲的形状。

97. 发明申请

US20060247664A1 Micromachined tissue anchors for securing implants without sutures 审中-公开
标题翻译：微加工组织锚，用于固定植入物，无缝线
公开(公告)号：US20060247664A1
公开(公告)日：2006-11-02
申请号：US11371219
申请日：2006-03-07
申请人： Ellis Meng , Yu-Chong Tai , Damien Rodger , Po-Jui Chen , Mark Humayun
发明人： Ellis Meng , Yu-Chong Tai , Damien Rodger , Po-Jui Chen , Mark Humayun
IPC分类号： A61F2/02 , A61B3/16
CPC分类号： A61B3/16 , A61B5/6821 , A61B5/6882
摘要： Systems and methods for attaching an implant device to tissue by mechanically (and non-invasively) anchoring the device to the tissue. The systems and methods provide a safe, practical way to attach an implant device to tissue in a non-invasive, or less invasive manner. According to the present invention, an implant device includes one or more protruding anchor-like structures for securely attaching to tissue. One or more device features, such as sensing elements, may be incorporated on the implant device. The anchor structures are configured and arranged to match the topology and features of the tissue environment where implant is to occur.
摘要翻译：通过机械地（而非侵入式）将装置固定在组织上来将植入装置附着到组织的系统和方法。该系统和方法提供了以非侵入性或较小侵入性方式将植入装置附接到组织的安全且实用的方式。根据本发明，植入装置包括用于牢固地附接到组织的一个或多个突出的锚固结构。可以在植入装置上并入一个或多个装置特征，例如感测元件。锚结构被配置和布置成匹配将要进行植入的组织环境的拓扑和特征。

98. 发明申请

US20060235485A1 Visual prosthesis including enhanced receiving and stimulating portion 审中-公开
公开(公告)号：US20060235485A1
公开(公告)日：2006-10-19
申请号：US11451956
申请日：2006-06-12
申请人： Jerry Ok , Robert Greenberg , Mark Humayun
发明人： Jerry Ok , Robert Greenberg , Mark Humayun
IPC分类号： A61F9/00 , A61N1/36
CPC分类号： A61F2/14 , A61N1/0543 , A61N1/36046
摘要： A visual prosthesis including an enhanced receiving and stimulating portion for electrically stimulating retinal tissue to present an apparent image to a user. The prosthesis includes an extraocular camera which responds to a real image to generate a real image signal. The real image signal is coupled, e.g., RF coupling, from an extraocular primary coil to a secondary coil. The secondary coil is preferably affixed within the vitreous body of the user's eye positioned for good signal coupling to the primary coil and arranged to be in good thermal contact with the vitreous body which acts as a heat sink. A hermetically sealed housing containing signal processing circuitry is also preferably placed in the vitreous body to assure efficient heat transfer away from the housing. The circuitry is electrically connected to the secondary coil and responds to an output signal therefrom to produce an apparent image signal for driving an electrode array. The electrode array is configured to electrically stimulate the eye's retinal tissue to enable a user to perceive an apparent image.

99. 发明申请

US20060190058A1 Visual prosthesis for improved circadian rhythms and method of improving the circadian rhythms 有权
公开(公告)号：US20060190058A1
公开(公告)日：2006-08-24
申请号：US11331625
申请日：2006-01-13
申请人： Robert Greenberg , Mark Humayun
发明人： Robert Greenberg , Mark Humayun
IPC分类号： A61N1/18
CPC分类号： A61N1/0543 , A61N1/36046
摘要： Present invention is a method of improving circadian rhythms in blind people by stimulation the visual neural system. Ideally a retinal prosthesis of the type used to restore vision can be used to restore normal circadian rhythms. Additionally, brightness on the prosthesis can be increased in the morning and decreased in the evening to stimulate normal Circadian rhythms. Alternatively, if a retinal prosthesis is not preferable, the retina can be stimulated externally, during the day and not at night. While such eternal stimulation can not produced artificial vision, it can stimulate normal circadian rhythms.

100. 发明申请

US20050059956A1 Devices for intraocular drug delivery 审中-公开
标题翻译：眼内药物输送装置
公开(公告)号：US20050059956A1
公开(公告)日：2005-03-17
申请号：US10823089
申请日：2004-04-12
申请人： Signe Varner , Eugene Dejuan , Terry Shelley , Aaron Barnes , Mark Humayun
发明人： Signe Varner , Eugene Dejuan , Terry Shelley , Aaron Barnes , Mark Humayun
IPC分类号： A61F9/007 , A61B17/00 , A61F9/00 , A61K9/00 , A61K9/22 , A61K45/00 , A61L31/00 , A61P27/02 , A61M31/00
CPC分类号： A61K9/0051 , A61B2017/00867 , A61F9/0017
摘要： An therapeutic agent delivery device that can allows is particularly suitable for delivery of a therapeutic agent to limited access regions, such as the posterior chamber of the eye and inner ear. Preferred devices of the invention are minimally invasive, refillable and may be easily fixed to the treatment area. Preferred delivery devices of the invention also include those that comprise a non-linear shaped body member body housing one or more substances and a delivery mechanism for the sustained delivery of the one or more substances from the non-linear shaped body member to the patient.
摘要翻译：可以允许的治疗剂递送装置特别适合于将治疗剂递送到有限的进入区域，例如眼睛的后室和内耳。本发明的优选装置是微创的，可再填充的并且可以容易地固定到治疗区域。本发明的优选输送装置还包括包含一个或多个物质的非线性形状的身体构件体和用于将一种或多种物质从非线性形状的身体构件持续递送至患者的输送机构的输送装置。

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