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91. 发明授权

US08047847B2 Automatic crown and gingiva detection from three-dimensional virtual model of teeth 有权
标题翻译：自动牙冠和牙龈三维虚拟模型检测牙齿
公开(公告)号：US08047847B2
公开(公告)日：2011-11-01
申请号：US12464089
申请日：2009-05-11
申请人： Markus Kaufmann , Peer Sporbert , Phillip Getto
发明人： Markus Kaufmann , Peer Sporbert , Phillip Getto
IPC分类号： A61C11/00 , A61C5/00 , G06K9/48
CPC分类号： G06T7/0012 , A61C7/00 , A61C7/002 , A61C9/00 , A61C9/0053 , A61C2007/004 , G06T7/12 , G06T2200/04 , G06T2200/24 , G06T2207/10028 , G06T2207/30036
摘要： A method is provided for automatically separating tooth crowns and gingival tissue in a virtual three-dimensional model of teeth and associated anatomical structures. The method orients the model with reference to a plane and automatically determines local maxima of the model and areas bounded by the local maxima. The method automatically determines saddle points between the local maxima in the model, the saddle points corresponding to boundaries between teeth. The method further positions the saddle points along a dental arch form. For each tooth, the method automatically identifies a line or path along the surface of the model linking the saddle points to each other, the path marking a transition between teeth and gingival tissue and between adjacent teeth in the model. The areas bounded by the lines correspond to the tooth crowns; the remainder of the model constitutes the gingival tissue.
摘要翻译：提供了一种用于在牙齿和相关解剖结构的虚拟三维模型中自动分离牙冠和牙龈组织的方法。该方法参照一个平面定向模型，并自动确定模型的局部最大值和由局部最大值限定的区域。该方法自动确定模型中局部最大值之间的鞍点，鞍点对应于齿之间的边界。该方法还使鞍点沿着牙弓形状定位。对于每个牙齿，该方法自动识别沿模型表面的线或路径，其将鞍点彼此连接，路径标记牙齿与牙龈组织之间以及模型中相邻牙齿之间的过渡。由线条界定的区域对应于牙冠; 模型的其余部分构成牙龈组织。

92. 发明授权

US07305121B2 Method for creating single 3D surface model from a point cloud 有权
标题翻译：从点云创建单个3D表面模型的方法
公开(公告)号：US07305121B2
公开(公告)日：2007-12-04
申请号：US11716232
申请日：2007-03-09
申请人： Markus Kaufmann , Peer Sporbert , Phillip Getto
发明人： Markus Kaufmann , Peer Sporbert , Phillip Getto
IPC分类号： G06K9/00
CPC分类号： G06T17/20 , G06T2210/41
摘要： A single surface representation is created from a cloud of points. Each point in the cloud of points is assigned three-dimensional spatial coordinates. The cloud of points is stored in a memory of a computer. Machine-executable instructions are provided for the computer that operate on the cloud of points. The instructions construct an initial triangle from the cloud of points. The instructions construct a multitude of adjacent triangles forming a single continuous surface representing the object. The triangles comprise planar surfaces having three vertices. The vertices of the adjacent triangles comprise the three points forming the initial triangle and a multitude of other points. Except for the initial two points, the points forming the triangles are each computed as a weighted average of a set of nearby points in the cloud of points that satisfy selection criteria. The resulting vertex also has to satisfy one or more selection criteria. The final weighted average surface representation requires much less data to represent the object surface than the initial point cloud.
摘要翻译：单个表面表示是从点云创建的。点云中的每个点都被分配三维空间坐标。点云被存储在计算机的存储器中。为在云点上运行的计算机提供机器可执行指令。指令从点云构造一个初始三角形。指令构造了形成表示对象的单个连续表面的多个相邻三角形。三角形包括具有三个顶点的平面表面。相邻三角形的顶点包括形成初始三角形的三个点和多个其他点。除了最初的两点，形成三角形的点都被计算为满足选择标准的点云中的一组附近点的加权平均值。所得到的顶点也必须满足一个或多个选择标准。最终加权平均表面表示需要比初始点云要少得多的数据来表示物体表面。

93. 发明授权

US07068836B1 System and method for mapping a surface 有权
标题翻译：用于映射表面的系统和方法
公开(公告)号：US07068836B1
公开(公告)日：2006-06-27
申请号：US09560584
申请日：2000-04-28
申请人： Rudger Rubbert , Peer Sporbert , Thomas Weise
发明人： Rudger Rubbert , Peer Sporbert , Thomas Weise
IPC分类号： G06K9/00
CPC分类号： G01B11/2513 , A61C9/006 , G06K7/10
摘要： In accordance with a specific embodiment of the present invention, an image is projected upon a surface. The image can include a pattern having a plurality of individual shapes used to measure and map the surface. The plurality of individual shapes include features that are detectable in a direction parallel to the plane formed by a projection axis of the projected shapes and a point associated with a view axis. The image further comprises a feature containing an encoding information for identifying the plurality of shapes individually. The feature containing encoding information can be a separate feature from each of the plurality of individual shapes, or may be a feature integral to the plurality of individual shapes. The feature containing encoding information is oriented such that the encoding information is retrieved along a line perpendicular to a plane formed by the projection axis and the point along the view axis. The use of the feature is used to perform multiframe reference independent scanning.
摘要翻译：根据本发明的具体实施例，将图像投影到表面上。图像可以包括具有用于测量和映射表面的多个单独形状的图案。多个单独形状包括在平行于由投影形状的投影轴形成的平面的方向上可检测的特征以及与视轴相关联的点。图像还包括包含用于分别识别多个形状的编码信息的特征。包含编码信息的特征可以是与多个单独形状中的每一个单独的特征，或者可以是与多个单独形状成一体的特征。包含编码信息的特征被定向成使得沿着垂直于由投影轴和沿着视轴的点形成的平面的线来检索编码信息。该功能的使用用于执行多帧参考独立扫描。

94. 发明申请

US20060134581A1 Automatic crown and gingiva detection from three-dimensional virtual model of teeth 有权
标题翻译：自动牙冠和牙龈三维虚拟模型检测牙齿
公开(公告)号：US20060134581A1
公开(公告)日：2006-06-22
申请号：US11265310
申请日：2005-11-02
申请人： Markus Kaufmann , Peer Sporbert , Phillip Getto
发明人： Markus Kaufmann , Peer Sporbert , Phillip Getto
IPC分类号： A61C11/00
CPC分类号： G06T7/0012 , A61C7/00 , A61C7/002 , A61C9/00 , A61C9/0053 , A61C2007/004 , G06T7/12 , G06T2200/04 , G06T2200/24 , G06T2207/10028 , G06T2207/30036
摘要： A method is provided for automatically separating tooth crowns and gingival tissue in a virtual three-dimensional model of teeth and associated anatomical structures. The method orients the model with reference to a plane and automatically determines local maxima of the model and areas bounded by the local maxima. The method automatically determines saddle points between the local maxima in the model, the saddle points corresponding to boundaries between teeth. The method further positions the saddle points along a dental arch form. For each tooth, the method automatically identifies a line or path along the surface of the model linking the saddle points to each other, the path marking a transition between teeth and gingival tissue and between adjacent teeth in the model. The areas bounded by the lines correspond to the tooth crowns; the remainder of the model constitutes the gingival tissue.
摘要翻译：提供了一种用于在牙齿和相关解剖结构的虚拟三维模型中自动分离牙冠和牙龈组织的方法。该方法参照一个平面定向模型，并自动确定模型的局部最大值和由局部最大值限定的区域。该方法自动确定模型中局部最大值之间的鞍点，鞍点对应于齿之间的边界。该方法还使鞍点沿着牙弓形状定位。对于每个牙齿，该方法自动识别沿模型表面的线或路径，其将鞍点彼此连接，路径标记牙齿与牙龈组织之间以及模型中相邻牙齿之间的过渡。由线条界定的区域对应于牙冠; 模型的其余部分构成牙龈组织。

95. 发明授权

US06413084B1 Method and system of scanning 有权
标题翻译：扫描方法和系统
公开(公告)号：US06413084B1
公开(公告)日：2002-07-02
申请号：US09560644
申请日：2000-04-28
申请人： Rudger Rubbert , Peer Sporbert , Thomas Weise
发明人： Rudger Rubbert , Peer Sporbert , Thomas Weise
IPC分类号： A61C100
CPC分类号： A61C7/146 , A61C7/00 , A61C7/002 , A61C9/006 , A61F2002/30953
摘要： In accordance with a specific embodiment of the present invention, an image is projected upon a surface. The image can include a pattern having a plurality of individual shapes used to measure and map the surface. The plurality of individual shapes include features that are detectable in a direction parallel to the plane formed by a projection axis of the projected shapes and a point associated with a view axis. The image further comprises a feature containing an encoding information for identifying the plurality of shapes individually. The feature containing encoding information can be a separate feature from each of the plurality of individual shapes, or may be a feature integral to the plurality of individual shapes. The feature containing encoding information is oriented such that the encoding information is retrieved along a line perpendicular to a plane formed by the projection axis and the point along the view axis. The use of the feature is used to perform multiframe reference independent scanning.
摘要翻译：根据本发明的具体实施例，将图像投影到表面上。图像可以包括具有用于测量和映射表面的多个单独形状的图案。多个单独形状包括在平行于由投影形状的投影轴形成的平面的方向上可检测的特征以及与视轴相关联的点。图像还包括包含用于分别识别多个形状的编码信息的特征。包含编码信息的特征可以是与多个单独形状中的每一个单独的特征，或者可以是与多个单独形状成一体的特征。包含编码信息的特征被定向成使得沿着垂直于由投影轴和沿着视轴的点形成的平面的线来检索编码信息。该功能的使用用于执行多帧参考独立扫描。

96. 发明授权

US07215810B2 Method for creating single 3D surface model from a point cloud 有权
公开(公告)号：US07215810B2
公开(公告)日：2007-05-08
申请号：US10626795
申请日：2003-07-23
申请人： Markus Kaufmann , Peer Sporbert , Phillip Getto
发明人： Markus Kaufmann , Peer Sporbert , Phillip Getto
IPC分类号： G06K9/00
CPC分类号： G06T17/20 , G06T2210/41
摘要： A single surface representation is created from a cloud of points. Each point in the cloud of points is assigned three-dimensional spatial coordinates. The cloud of points is stored in a memory of a computer. Machine-executable instructions are provided for the computer that operate on the cloud of points. The instructions construct an initial triangle from the cloud of points. The instructions construct a multitude of adjacent triangles forming a single continuous surface representing the object. The triangles comprise planar surfaces having three vertices. The vertices of the adjacent triangles comprise the three points forming the initial triangle and a multitude of other points. Except for the initial two points, the points forming the triangles are each computed as a weighted average of a set of nearby points in the cloud of points that satisfy selection criteria. The resulting vertex also has to satisfy one or more selection criteria. The final weighted average surface representation requires much less data to represent the object surface than the initial point cloud.

97. 发明申请

US20050019732A1 Automatic crown and gingiva detection from three-dimensional virtual model of teeth 有权
标题翻译：自动牙冠和牙龈三维虚拟模型检测牙齿
公开(公告)号：US20050019732A1
公开(公告)日：2005-01-27
申请号：US10626796
申请日：2003-07-23
申请人： Markus Kaufmann , Peer Sporbert , Phillip Getto
发明人： Markus Kaufmann , Peer Sporbert , Phillip Getto
IPC分类号： A61C7/00 , A61C9/00 , G06T5/00 , A61C11/00 , A61C5/10
CPC分类号： G06T7/0012 , A61C7/00 , A61C7/002 , A61C9/00 , A61C9/0053 , A61C2007/004 , G06T7/12 , G06T2200/04 , G06T2200/24 , G06T2207/10028 , G06T2207/30036
摘要： A method is provided for automatically separating tooth crowns and gingival tissue in a virtual three-dimensional model of teeth and associated anatomical structures. The method orients the model with reference to a plane and automatically determines local maxima of the model and areas bounded by the local maxima. The method automatically determines saddle points between the local maxima in the model, the saddle points corresponding to boundaries between teeth. The method further positions the saddle points along a dental arch form. For each tooth, the method automatically identifies a line or path along the surface of the model linking the saddle points to each other, the path marking a transition between teeth and gingival tissue and between adjacent teeth in the model. The areas bounded by the lines correspond to the tooth crowns; the remainder of the model constitutes the gingival tissue.
摘要翻译：提供了一种用于在牙齿和相关解剖结构的虚拟三维模型中自动分离牙冠和牙龈组织的方法。该方法参照一个平面定向模型，并自动确定模型的局部最大值和由局部最大值限定的区域。该方法自动确定模型中局部最大值之间的鞍点，鞍点对应于齿之间的边界。该方法还使鞍点沿着牙弓形状定位。对于每个牙齿，该方法自动识别沿模型表面的线或路径，其将鞍点彼此连接，路径标记牙齿与牙龈组织之间以及模型中相邻牙齿之间的过渡。由线条界定的区域对应于牙冠; 模型的其余部分构成牙龈组织。

98. 发明授权

US06744932B1 System and method for mapping a surface 有权
标题翻译：用于映射表面的系统和方法
公开(公告)号：US06744932B1
公开(公告)日：2004-06-01
申请号：US09560133
申请日：2000-04-28
申请人： Rudger Rubbert , Peer Sporbert , Thomas Weise
发明人： Rudger Rubbert , Peer Sporbert , Thomas Weise
IPC分类号： G06K932
CPC分类号： A61C7/146 , A61C7/00 , A61C7/002 , A61C9/006 , A61F2002/30953
摘要： In accordance with a specific embodiment of the present invention, an image is projected upon a surface. The image can include a pattern having a plurality of individual shapes used to measure and map the surface. The plurality of individual shapes include features that are detectable in a direction parallel to the plane formed by a projection axis of the projected shapes and a point associated with a view axis. The image further comprises a feature containing an encoding information for identifying the plurality of shapes individually. The feature containing encoding information can be a separate feature from each of the plurality of individual shapes, or may be a feature integral to the plurality of individual shapes. The feature containing encoding information is oriented such that the encoding information is retrieved along a line perpendicular to a plane formed by the projection axis and the point along the view axis. The use of the feature is used to perform multiframe reference independent scanning. In another embodiment, images having varying amounts of isolation from adjacent patterns are used to provide for a higher resolution area of the image.
摘要翻译：根据本发明的具体实施例，将图像投影到表面上。图像可以包括具有用于测量和映射表面的多个单独形状的图案。多个单独形状包括在平行于由投影形状的投影轴形成的平面的方向上可检测的特征以及与视轴相关联的点。图像还包括包含用于分别识别多个形状的编码信息的特征。包含编码信息的特征可以是与多个单独形状中的每一个单独的特征，或者可以是与多个单独形状成一体的特征。包含编码信息的特征被定向成使得沿着垂直于由投影轴和沿着视轴的点形成的平面的线来检索编码信息。该功能的使用用于执行多帧参考独立扫描。在另一个实施例中，使用具有不同量的与相邻图案的隔离的图像来提供图像的较高分辨率区域。

99. 发明授权

US06744914B1 Method and system for generating a three-dimensional object 有权
标题翻译：用于生成三维物体的方法和系统
公开(公告)号：US06744914B1
公开(公告)日：2004-06-01
申请号：US09560131
申请日：2000-04-28
申请人： Rudger Rubbert , Peer Sporbert , Thomas Weise
发明人： Rudger Rubbert , Peer Sporbert , Thomas Weise
IPC分类号： G06K900
CPC分类号： A61C7/00 , A61C7/002 , A61C7/146 , A61C9/006 , A61F2002/30953
摘要： In accordance with a specific embodiment of the present invention, an image is projected upon a surface. The image can include a pattern having a plurality of individual shapes used to measure and map the surface. The plurality of individual shapes include features that are detectable in a direction parallel to the plane formed by a projection axis of the projected shapes and a point associated with a view axis. The image further comprises a feature containing an encoding information for identifying the plurality of shapes individually. The feature containing encoding information can be a separate feature from each of the plurality of individual shapes, or may be a feature integral to the plurality of individual shapes. The feature containing encoding information is oriented such that the encoding information is retrieved along a line perpendicular to a plane formed by the projection axis and the point along the view axis. The use of the feature is used to perform multiframe reference independent scanning. In a specific embodiment, scanned frames are registered to one another.
摘要翻译：根据本发明的具体实施例，将图像投影到表面上。图像可以包括具有用于测量和映射表面的多个单独形状的图案。多个单独形状包括在平行于由投影形状的投影轴形成的平面的方向上可检测的特征以及与视轴相关联的点。图像还包括包含用于分别识别多个形状的编码信息的特征。包含编码信息的特征可以是与多个单独形状中的每一个单独的特征，或者可以是与多个单独形状成一体的特征。包含编码信息的特征被定向成使得沿着垂直于由投影轴和沿着视轴的点形成的平面的线来检索编码信息。该功能的使用用于执行多帧参考独立扫描。在具体实施例中，扫描的帧被彼此登记。

100. 发明授权

US06728423B1 System and method for mapping a surface 有权
标题翻译：用于映射表面的系统和方法
公开(公告)号：US06728423B1
公开(公告)日：2004-04-27
申请号：US09560645
申请日：2000-04-28
申请人： Rudger Rubbert , Peer Sporbert , Thomas Weise
发明人： Rudger Rubbert , Peer Sporbert , Thomas Weise
IPC分类号： G06K932
CPC分类号： A61C7/146 , A61C7/00 , A61C7/002 , A61C9/006 , A61F2002/30953
摘要： In accordance with a specific embodiment of the present invention, an image is projected upon a surface. The image can include a pattern having a plurality of individual shapes used to measure and map the surface. The plurality of individual shapes include features that are detectable in a direction parallel to the plane formed by a projection axis of the projected shapes and a point associated with a view axis. The image further comprises a feature containing an encoding information for identifying the plurality of shapes individually. The feature containing encoding information can be a separate feature from each of the plurality of individual shapes, or may be a feature integral to the plurality of individual shapes. The feature containing encoding information is oriented such that the encoding information is retrieved along a line perpendicular to a plane formed by the projection axis and the point along the view axis. In another embodiment, images having varying amounts of isolation from adjacent patterns are used to provide for a higher resolution area of the image. The use of the feature is used to perform multiframe reference independent scanning.
摘要翻译：根据本发明的具体实施例，将图像投影到表面上。图像可以包括具有用于测量和映射表面的多个单独形状的图案。多个单独形状包括在平行于由投影形状的投影轴形成的平面的方向上可检测的特征以及与视轴相关联的点。图像还包括包含用于分别识别多个形状的编码信息的特征。包含编码信息的特征可以是与多个单独形状中的每一个单独的特征，或者可以是与多个单独形状成一体的特征。包含编码信息的特征被定向成使得沿着垂直于由投影轴和沿着视轴的点形成的平面的线来检索编码信息。在另一个实施例中，使用具有不同量的与相邻图案的隔离的图像来提供图像的较高分辨率区域。该功能的使用用于执行多帧参考独立扫描。

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