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    • 5. 发明授权
    • Solvent system enhancing the solubility of pharmaceuticals for
encapsulation
    • 溶剂系统提高药物的溶解度
    • US5071643A
    • 1991-12-10
    • US104911
    • 1987-10-09
    • Man S. YuFoo S. HomSibaprasanna ChakrabartiChong-Heng HuangMahendra Patel
    • Man S. YuFoo S. HomSibaprasanna ChakrabartiChong-Heng HuangMahendra Patel
    • A61K9/08A61K9/00A61K9/20A61K9/48A61K9/66A61K45/00A61K47/00A61K47/04A61K47/32A61K47/34
    • A61K9/2009A61K9/2031A61K9/485A61K9/4858A61K9/4866
    • This invention relates to a solvent system for enhancing the solubility of an acidic, basic, or amphoteric pharmaceutical agent to produce a highly concentrated solution suitable for softgel filling or two piece encapsulation. The solvent system comprises polyethylene glycol containing 0.2-1.0 mole equivalents of an ionizing agent per mole equivalent pharmaceutical agent and 1-20% water. Glycerin or polyvinylpyrrolidone may be added to further enhance the solubility of certain drugs. The disclosed solvent system is capable of enhancing solubilities of pharmaceutical agents 40-400%.The ionizing agent functions by causing partial ionization (neutralization) of the free pharmaceutical agent. When the pharmaceutical agent is acidic, the ionizing agent is preferably a hydroxide ion species, whereas when the pharmaceutical agent is basic, the ionizing agent is preferably a hydrogen ion species. For amphoteric pharmaceutical agents, either hydroxide ion or hydrogen ion sources may be utilized to effect partial ionization.The disclosed solvent system is useful because it not only provides for the enhancement or improvement of bioavailability of acidic, basic and amphoteric pharmaceutical agents by delivering them already in solution, but it also provides for a highly concentrated solution capable of encapsulation in a small enough vessel to permit easy swallowing.The highly concentrated solid solutions of the present invention are also useful for conversion into tablets and as veterinary spot and pour on preparations.
    • 本发明涉及一种用于增强酸性,碱性或两性药剂在产生适于软胶囊填充或两片封装的高度浓缩溶液中的溶解度的溶剂体系。 溶剂系统包含每摩尔当量药剂和1-20%水含有0.2-1.0摩尔当量离子化剂的聚乙二醇。 可以加入甘油或聚乙烯吡咯烷酮以进一步提高某些药物的溶解度。 所公开的溶剂系统能够提高40-400%的药剂的溶解度。 电离剂通过引起游离药剂的部分电离(中和)起作用。 当药剂为酸性时,电离剂优选为氢氧根离子,而当药剂为碱性时,电离剂优选为氢离子。 对于两性药剂,可以使用氢氧根离子或氢离子源来实现部分电离。 所公开的溶剂系统是有用的,因为它不仅通过将其输送到溶液中来提供酸性,碱性和两性药物的生物利用度的增强或改善,而且还提供能够在足够小的容器中包封的高度浓缩的溶液 容易吞咽。 本发明的高度浓缩的固体溶液也可用于转化成片剂和兽药斑点并倒入制剂上。
    • 8. 发明授权
    • Method and apparatus for switching communications from a secondary
channel to a primary channel
    • 用于从第二信道切换到主信道的通信的方法和装置
    • US5479650A
    • 1995-12-26
    • US996434
    • 1992-12-24
    • James L. ArchibaldMahendra Patel
    • James L. ArchibaldMahendra Patel
    • G06F11/20G06F11/267H04L12/26H04L29/14H04M11/06G06F11/00
    • H04M11/06G06F11/221H04L69/40G06F11/2007H04L12/2697H04L43/50
    • Some data communications networks employ the use of both a leased line and a dial-up line between two modems. Typically, the dial-up line provides a backup capability when the leased line causes a degradation in the signal quality of the data signal. This degradation of the signal quality of the data signal is detected by one of the two modems, which then automatically establishes a data connection over the dial-up line. However, it is preferable to switch back to the leased line as soon as possible since the leased line usually costs less than the dial-up line. Therefore, in order to test the leased line, the entire data signal is simultaneously transmitted on both the dial-up line and the leased line. The use of the existing data signal to test the leased line's effect on signal quality allows the modem to perform a more complete analysis of the returned data signal so that a premature transition back to the leased line does not occur.
    • 一些数据通信网络使用两个调制解调器之间的租用线路和拨号线路。 通常,当租用线路导致数据信号的信号质量下降时,拨号线路提供备用功能。 数据信号的信号质量的这种下降由两个调制解调器之一检测,然后两个调制解调器通过拨号线自动建立数据连接。 然而,由于租用线路通常成本低于拨号线路,因此最好尽快切换回租用线路。 因此,为了测试专线,在拨号线和租用线路上同时发送整个数据信号。 使用现有的数据信号来测试租用线路对信号质量的影响,使得调制解调器能够对返回的数据信号执行更完整的分析,从而不会发生回到租用线路的过早转换。
    • 9. 发明授权
    • Solvent system enhancing the solubility of pharmaceuticals for
encapsulation
    • 溶剂体系提高药物的包封溶解度
    • US5360615A
    • 1994-11-01
    • US890285
    • 1992-05-26
    • Man S. YuFoo S. HomSibaprasanna ChakrabartiChong-Heng HuangMahendra Patel
    • Man S. YuFoo S. HomSibaprasanna ChakrabartiChong-Heng HuangMahendra Patel
    • A61K9/08A61K9/00A61K9/20A61K9/48A61K9/66A61K45/00A61K47/00A61K47/04A61K47/32A61K47/34
    • A61K9/2009A61K9/2031A61K9/485A61K9/4858A61K9/4866
    • This invention relates to a solvent system for enhancing the solubility of an acidic, basic, or amphoteric pharmaceutical agent to produce a highly concentrated solution suitable for softgel filling or two piece encapsulation. The solvent system comprises polyethylene glycol containing 0.2-1.0 mole equivalents of an ionizing agent per mole equivalent pharmaceutical agent and 1-20% water. Glycerin or polyvinylpyrrolidone may be added to further enhance the solubility of certain drugs. The disclosed solvent system is capable of enhancing solubilities of pharmaceutical agents 40-400%.The ionizing agent functions by causing partial ionization (neutralization) of the free pharmaceutical agent. When the pharmaceutical agent is acidic, the ionizing agent is preferably a hydroxide ion species, whereas when the pharmaceutical agent is basic, the ionizing agent is preferably a hydrogen ion species. For amphoteric pharmaceutical agents, either hydroxide ion or hydrogen ion sources may be utilized to effect partial ionization.The disclosed solvent system is useful because it not only provides for the enhancement or improvement of bioavailability of acidic, basic and amphoteric pharmaceutical agents by delivering them already in solution, but it also provides for a highly concentrated solution capable of encapsulation in a small enough vessel to permit easy swallowing.The highly concentrated solid solutions of the present invention are also useful for conversion into tablets and as veterinary spot and pour on preparations.
    • 本发明涉及一种用于增强酸性,碱性或两性药剂在产生适于软胶囊填充或两片封装的高度浓缩溶液中的溶解度的溶剂体系。 溶剂系统包含每摩尔当量药剂和1-20%水含有0.2-1.0摩尔当量离子化剂的聚乙二醇。 可以加入甘油或聚乙烯吡咯烷酮以进一步提高某些药物的溶解度。 所公开的溶剂系统能够提高40-400%的药剂的溶解度。 电离剂通过引起游离药剂的部分电离(中和)起作用。 当药剂为酸性时,电离剂优选为氢氧根离子,而当药剂为碱性时,电离剂优选为氢离子。 对于两性药剂,可以使用氢氧根离子或氢离子源来实现部分电离。 所公开的溶剂系统是有用的,因为它不仅通过将其输送到溶液中来提供酸性,碱性和两性药物的生物利用度的增强或改善,而且还提供能够在足够小的容器中包封的高度浓缩的溶液 容易吞咽。 本发明的高度浓缩的固体溶液也可用于转化成片剂和兽药斑点并倒入制剂上。