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1. 发明授权

US06888809B1 Space-time processing for multiple-input, multiple-output, wireless systems 有权
标题翻译：多输入多输出无线系统的时空处理
公开(公告)号：US06888809B1
公开(公告)日：2005-05-03
申请号：US09482429
申请日：2000-01-13
申请人： Gerard Joseph Foschini , Angel Lozano , Farrokh Rashid-Farrokhi , Reinaldo A. Valenzuela
发明人： Gerard Joseph Foschini , Angel Lozano , Farrokh Rashid-Farrokhi , Reinaldo A. Valenzuela
IPC分类号： H04J3/00 , H04B1/04 , H04B1/10 , H04B1/18 , H04B7/06 , H04B7/08 , H04Q7/00
CPC分类号： H04B7/0634 , H04B7/0626
摘要： In a MIMO system the signals transmitted from the various antennas are processed so as to improve the ability of the receiver to extract them from the received signal even in the face of some correlation. More specifically the number of bit streams that is transmitted simultaneously is adjusted, e.g., reduced, depending on the level of correlation, while multiple versions of each bit stream, variously weighted, are transmitted simultaneously. The variously weighted versions are combined to produced one combined weighted signal. The receiver processes the received signals in the same manner as it would have had all the signals reaching the receive antennas been uncorrelated. The weight vectors may be determined by the forward channel transmitter using the channel properties of the forward link which are made known to the transmitter of the forward link by being transmitted from the receiver of the forward link by the transmitter of the reverse link or the weight vectors may be determined by the forward channel transmitter using the channel properties of the forward link and the determined weight vectors are made known to the transmitter of the forward link by being transmitted from the receiver of the forward link by the transmitter of the reverse link. The channel properties used to determine the weight vectors may include the channel response from the transmitter to the receiver and the covariance matrix of noise and interference measured at the receiver.
摘要翻译：在MIMO系统中，处理从各种天线发送的信号，以便即使面对一些相关性，也可以提高接收机从接收信号中提取它们的能力。更具体地，根据相关级别来调整，例如减少同时传输的比特流的数量，同时传输各种加密的每个比特流的多个版本。将各种加权版本组合以产生一个组合加权信号。接收机以与所有到达接收天线的所有信号不相关的相同方式处理接收到的信号。加权向量可以由正向信道发射机使用正向链路的信道属性来确定，前向链路的信道属性是由前向链路的发射机通过反向链路的发射机从前向链路的接收机发送的，向量可以由正向信道发射机使用前向链路的信道特性来确定，所确定的权重向量通过从反向链路的发射机从前向链路的接收机发送到前向链路的发射机。用于确定权重向量的信道属性可以包括从发射机到接收机的信道响应以及在接收机处测量的噪声和干扰的协方差矩阵。

2. 发明授权

US07113558B2 Space-time processing for wireless systems with multiple transmit and receive antennas 有权
标题翻译：具有多个发射和接收天线的无线系统的时空处理
公开(公告)号：US07113558B2
公开(公告)日：2006-09-26
申请号：US10842857
申请日：2004-05-11
申请人： Angel Lozano , Farrokh Rashid-Farrokhi , Reinaldo A Valenzuela
发明人： Angel Lozano , Farrokh Rashid-Farrokhi , Reinaldo A Valenzuela
IPC分类号： H04L1/02
CPC分类号： H04B7/0634 , H04B7/0626 , H04B7/065 , H04B7/0697 , H04B7/0837
摘要： Signals are developed for use in a wireless system with multiple transmit and multiple receive antennas so that even in the face of some correlation the most open-loop capacity that can be achieved using a substantially open-loop system with a channel of that level of correlation is obtained. In accordance with the principles of the invention, the signals transmitted from the various antennas are processed so as to improve their ability to convey the maximum amount of information. More specifically, the data to be transmitted is divided into M+1 substreams, where M is the number of transmit antennas. Each transmit antenna is supplied with a combination signal that is made up of a weighted version of a common one of the substreams and a weighted version of a respective one of the substreams that is supplied uniquely for that antenna, so that there are M transmit signals. A receiver having N antennas receives the M transmit signals as combined by the channel and reconstitutes the original data therefrom. This may be achieved using successive decoding techniques. Advantageously, the capacity, i.e., the rate of information that can be conveyed with an arbitrarily small probability of error when the instantaneous forward channel condition is unknown to the transmitter, is maximized.
摘要翻译：信号被开发用于具有多个发射和多个接收天线的无线系统中，使得即使在某些相关性的情况下，也可以使用具有该相关级别的信道的基本开环系统来实现最大的开环容量获得。根据本发明的原理，对从各种天线发射的信号进行处理，以提高它们传达最大信息量的能力。更具体地，要发送的数据被划分为M + 1个子流，其中M是发射天线的数量。每个发射天线被提供有组合信号，该组合信号由子流中的公共一个的加权版本和为该天线唯一提供的子流中的相应一个的加权版本组成，使得存在M个发射信号。具有N个天线的接收机接收通过信道组合的M个发射信号并从其重构原始数据。这可以使用连续的解码技术来实现。有利地，当瞬时正向信道条件对于发射机是未知的时，容量，即可以以任意小的误差概率传送的信息的速率被最大化。

3. 发明授权

US06778612B1 Space-time processing for wireless systems with multiple transmit and receive antennas 有权
标题翻译：具有多个发射和接收天线的无线系统的时空处理
公开(公告)号：US06778612B1
公开(公告)日：2004-08-17
申请号：US09641414
申请日：2000-08-18
申请人： Angel Lozano , Farrokh Rashid-Farrokhi , Reinaldo A Valenzuela
发明人： Angel Lozano , Farrokh Rashid-Farrokhi , Reinaldo A Valenzuela
IPC分类号： H04B110
CPC分类号： H04B7/0634 , H04B7/0626 , H04B7/065 , H04B7/0697 , H04B7/0837
摘要： Signals are developed for use in a wireless system with multiple transmit and multiple receive antennas so that even in the face of some correlation the most open-loop capacity that can be achieved using a substantially open-loop system with a channel of that level of correlation is obtained. In accordance with the principles of the invention, the signals transmitted from the various antennas are processed so as to improve their ability to convey the maximum amount of information. More specifically, the data to be transmitted is divided into M+1 substreams, where M is the number of transmit antennas. Each transmit antenna is supplied with a combination signal that is made up of a weighted version of a common one of the substreams and a weighted version of a respective one of the substreams that is supplied uniquely for that antenna, so that there are M transmit signals. A receiver having N antennas receives the M transmit signals as combined by the channel and reconstitutes the original data therefrom. This may be achieved using successive decoding techniques. Advantageously, the capacity, i.e., the rate of information that can be conveyed with an arbitrarily small probability of error when the instantaneous forward channel condition is unknown to the transmitter, is maximized.
摘要翻译：信号被开发用于具有多个发射和多个接收天线的无线系统中，使得即使在某些相关性的情况下，也可以使用具有该相关级别的信道的基本开环系统来实现最大的开环容量获得。根据本发明的原理，对从各种天线发射的信号进行处理，以提高它们传达最大信息量的能力。更具体地，要发送的数据被划分为M + 1个子流，其中M是发射天线的数量。每个发射天线被提供有组合信号，该组合信号由子流中的公共一个的加权版本和为该天线唯一提供的子流中的相应一个的加权版本组成，使得存在M个发射信号。具有N个天线的接收机接收通过信道组合的M个发射信号并从其重构原始数据。这可以使用连续的解码技术来实现。有利地，当瞬时正向信道条件对于发射机是未知的时，容量，即可以以任意小的误差概率传送的信息的速率被最大化。

4. 发明授权

US06304750B1 Space-time diversity receiver for wireless systems 有权
标题翻译：无线系统的时空分集接收机
公开(公告)号：US06304750B1
公开(公告)日：2001-10-16
申请号：US09188021
申请日：1998-11-06
申请人： Farrokh Rashid-Farrokhi , Reinaldo A. Valenzuela
发明人： Farrokh Rashid-Farrokhi , Reinaldo A. Valenzuela
IPC分类号： H04B7216
CPC分类号： H04B1/7115 , H04B1/712 , H04B7/0891
摘要： The performance of a CDMA receiver employing multiple antennas can be improved, in accordance with the principles of the invention, by directly combining together appropriately weighted signals from the rake receiver fingers that are being supplied by at least two different antennas, i.e., they are in two different receiver modules each of which is what would have been called in the prior art a rake receiver module but without the associated summer, to develop an output with at least as good, and more likely an improved, signal to interference and noise ratio (SINR), as compared to the prior art rake receiver architecture. By doing so the functionality of the beamforming coefficients and the rake multiplier vectors is joined, and it is possible to optimize the rake receiver performance. In other words, because of the inventive architecture, the optimization of the weights for the rake multiplier and the beam forming may be performed jointly to yield a single rake combining weight vector which optimally weights the output of each rake finger. A training sequence which is used to determine the rake combining weight vector may be received as a low bit-rate signal carried on the CDMA pilot signal.
摘要翻译：根据本发明的原理，可以通过将由正在由至少两个不同天线提供的耙式接收器手指的适当加权的信号直接组合在一起来改善采用多个天线的CDMA接收机的性能，即它们在两个不同的接收机模块，其中每个接收机模块在现有技术中将被称为耙式接收机模块，但没有相关的夏天，以开发至少具有改善的信号与干扰和噪声比的输出， SINR），与现有技术的耙式接收机架构相比。通过这样做，波束成形系数和耙式乘数向量的功能被连接起来，并且可以优化耙式接收器性能。换句话说，由于本发明的架构，可以共同执行用于耙式乘法器的权重和波束形成的优化，以产生对每个耙指的输出进行最佳权重的单个耙组合权重向量。可以接收用于确定耙组合权重向量的训练序列作为携带在CDMA导频信号上的低比特率信号。

5. 发明授权

US06400780B1 Space-time diversity for wireless systems 有权
标题翻译：无线系统的时空分集
公开(公告)号：US06400780B1
公开(公告)日：2002-06-04
申请号：US09187878
申请日：1998-11-06
申请人： Farrokh Rashid-Farrokhi , Reinaldo A. Valenzuela
发明人： Farrokh Rashid-Farrokhi , Reinaldo A. Valenzuela
IPC分类号： H04B169
CPC分类号： H04W52/42 , H04B7/0617 , H04B7/0626 , H04B7/0632 , H04W52/34
摘要： The signal to interference and noise ratio (SINR) of wireless systems can be improved, if not optimized, by determining operating parameters used by the base station to substantially simultaneously control the transmit beam patterns that are each formed to establish a communication channel between a base station and a respective one of the wireless terminals as a function of received channel information from at least two of the wireless terminals. In an exemplary embodiment of the invention, the weight vectors and the power allocation employed by a base station are determined by the base station using information supplied by at least each of the wireless terminals served by the base station, and potentially from wireless terminals served by other base stations, e.g., in neighboring cells to the cell served by the base station, the information from the other cells being supplied via the neighboring cell base stations using inter-base-station communication, e.g., a wire line connection.
摘要翻译：无线系统的信号与干扰和噪声比（SINR）可以通过确定基站所使用的基本上同时控制各个形成的发射波束图案的操作参数（如果不优化）而改善，以建立基站之间的通信信道站和相应的无线终端之一作为来自至少两个无线终端的接收信道信息的函数。在本发明的示例性实施例中，由基站使用的权重向量和功率分配由基站使用由基站服务的至少每个无线终端提供的信息确定，并且潜在地由无线终端服务的无线终端其他基站，例如，在由基站服务的小区的相邻小区中，使用基站间通信，例如有线线路连接，经由相邻小区基站提供来自其他小区的信息。

6. 发明授权

US06876725B2 Single ended line probing in DSL system 失效
标题翻译： DSL系统中的单端线路探测
公开(公告)号：US06876725B2
公开(公告)日：2005-04-05
申请号：US10115503
申请日：2002-04-02
申请人： Farrokh Rashid-Farrokhi , Jalil Kamali
发明人： Farrokh Rashid-Farrokhi , Jalil Kamali
IPC分类号： H04B3/46 , H04L12/26 , H04M3/30 , H04M11/06 , H04M1/24 , H04M3/08 , H04M3/22
CPC分类号： H04M11/062 , H04B3/46 , H04L43/50 , H04M3/2209 , H04M3/30 , H04M3/305
摘要： SELP techniques that provide an accurate estimate of the length of a transmission medium (e.g., subscriber loop in a DSL system) are disclosed. A probe signal is transmitted over the transmission medium at one or more frequencies. A reflected version of the probe signal is then received. Transmission medium impedance is determined based on the ratio of the reflected version of the probe signal and the transmitted probe signal. An estimate of transmission medium length is determined by comparing its impedance to a plurality of predetermined impedances, each of which is associated with a transmission medium having known length. Thus, the length of the systems transmission medium is identified. The transmission medium impedance can also be used to identify the presence of load coils and short circuits in the transmission medium.
摘要翻译：公开了提供传输介质（例如，DSL系统中的用户环路）的长度的精确估计的SELP技术。探测信号以一个或多个频率在传输介质上传输。然后接收探测信号的反射版本。基于探测信号的反射版本与发射的探测信号的比率来确定传输介质阻抗。通过将其阻抗与多个预定阻抗进行比较来确定传输介质长度的估计，每个阻抗与具有已知长度的传输介质相关联。因此，识别系统传输介质的长度。传输介质阻抗也可用于识别传输介质中存在负载线圈和短路。

7. 发明授权

US07177350B1 Receiver transparent quiescent mode operation in a DSL transmission system 有权
标题翻译： DSL传输系统中的接收机透明静态模式操作
公开(公告)号：US07177350B1
公开(公告)日：2007-02-13
申请号：US10118859
申请日：2002-04-08
申请人： Guozhu Long , Farrokh Rashid-Farrokhi , Syed Abbas
发明人： Guozhu Long , Farrokh Rashid-Farrokhi , Syed Abbas
IPC分类号： H04B1/38 , H04L5/16
CPC分类号： H04L27/2614 , H04L27/3411
摘要： Operation of a digital subscriber line system in a power saving quiescent mode is described. A quiescent mode (Q-mode) is entered into from a steady-state or normal operation mode in which payload data is transmitted when criteria indicates that the transmitter has stopped transmitting payload data for a certain time period but that the current transmission session has not ended. A Q-mode signal is generated that uses constellation points that are used in the payload carrying state. The peak-to-average ratio (PAR) of the signal is also minimized by a PAR minimization method to find a combination of these constellation points satisfying a PAR threshold.
摘要翻译：描述以省电静态模式操作数字用户线路系统。当稳定状态或正常工作模式输入静态模式（Q模式）时，当标准指示发射机已经停止在一定时间段内传输有效载荷数据但当前传输会话没有结束了。生成使用在有效载荷承载状态下使用的星座点的Q模式信号。信号的峰值平均比（PAR）也通过PAR最小化方法最小化，以找到满足PAR阈值的这些星座点的组合。

8. 发明授权

US06801601B2 Single ended line probing in DSL system using transformerless hybrid 失效
标题翻译：使用无变压器混合的DSL系统中的单端线路探测
公开(公告)号：US06801601B2
公开(公告)日：2004-10-05
申请号：US10106291
申请日：2002-03-25
申请人： Jalil Kamali , Farrokh Rashid-Farrokhi
发明人： Jalil Kamali , Farrokh Rashid-Farrokhi
IPC分类号： H04M124
CPC分类号： H04M11/062 , H04B3/46 , H04L12/66 , H04L43/50 , H04M3/2209 , H04M3/30 , H04M3/305
摘要： Single Ended Line Probing (SELP) techniques for devices having transformerless hybrid circuits are disclosed. These SELP techniques provide an accurate estimate of the length of a transmission medium (e.g., subscriber loop in Digital Subscriber Line (DSL) system) by computing a transfer function that accounts for the characteristics of the transformerless hybrid circuit and the transmission medium, and relating the transfer function to the length of the transmission medium at one or more frequencies.
摘要翻译：公开了具有无变压器混合电路的装置的单端线检测（SELP）技术。这些SELP技术通过计算考虑到无变压器混合电路和传输介质的特性的传递函数，提供传输介质的长度（例如，数字用户线（DSL）系统中的用户环路）的精确估计，并且传输函数以一个或多个频率到传输介质的长度。

9. 发明授权

US06377812B1 Combined power control and space-time diversity in mobile cellular communications 失效
标题翻译：移动蜂窝通信中的组合功率控制和时空分集
公开(公告)号：US06377812B1
公开(公告)日：2002-04-23
申请号：US09196226
申请日：1998-11-20
申请人： Farrokh Rashid-Farrokhi , K. J. Ray Liu , Leandros Tassiulas
发明人： Farrokh Rashid-Farrokhi , K. J. Ray Liu , Leandros Tassiulas
IPC分类号： H04Q720
CPC分类号： H04W52/42 , H04B7/086 , H04W52/24
摘要： In a mobile cellular communications system power control and space-time diversity are applied in combination to the uplink and downlink. In the uplink, mobile powers and equalization/diversity combining vectors at base stations are, calculated jointly, with the result that the mobile transmitted power is minimized, while the Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR) at each link is maintained above a threshold. In the downlink, a multitap transmit diversity strategy adjusts the transmit weight vectors with the result that the SNR at each mobile is set to a specified value. The combination of power control and space-time diversity apply to networks with fading channels, including networks in which the number of cochannels and multipaths are larger than the number of antenna elements. The invention achieves the optimal solution for the uplink that minimizes the mobile power, and achieves a feasible solution for the downlink if there exists any.
摘要翻译：在移动蜂窝通信系统中，功率控制和时空分集组合应用于上行链路和下行链路。在上行链路中，在基站处的移动功率和均衡/分集组合向量被联合计算，结果是移动发射功率被最小化，而每个链路上的信噪比（SNR）被保持在阈值以上。在下行链路中，多重发射分集策略调整发射权重向量，结果是将每个移动台处的SNR设置为指定值。功率控制和时空分集的组合适用于具有衰落信道的网络，包括其中多个同步信道和多路径数量大于天线单元数量的网络。本发明实现了使移动电力最小化的上行链路的最优解，并且如果存在任何一个，则为下行链路实现可行的解决方案。

10. 发明授权

US5953388A Method and apparatus for processing data from a tomographic imaging system 失效
标题翻译：用于从层析成像系统处理数据的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US5953388A
公开(公告)日：1999-09-14
申请号：US912838
申请日：1997-08-18
申请人： David Francis Walnut , Carlos Alberto Berenstein , K. J. Ray Liu , Farrokh Rashid-Farrokhi
发明人： David Francis Walnut , Carlos Alberto Berenstein , K. J. Ray Liu , Farrokh Rashid-Farrokhi
IPC分类号： G06T11/00 , A61B6/03
CPC分类号： G06T11/006 , G06T2211/421 , Y10S378/901
摘要： An algorithm is created and applied to reconstruct the wavelet coefficients of an image from the Radon transform data for use in computed tomography, with a disclosed method that uses the properties of wavelets to localize the Radon transform such that a local region of the cross section of a body can be reconstructed using almost completely local data to significantly reduce the amount of exposure and computations in X-ray tomography. The described algorithm is based on the observation that for some wavelet bases with sufficiently many vanishing moments, the ramp-filtered version of the scaling function as well as the wavelet function has extremely rapid decay, with the variance of the elements of the nullspace is being negligible in the locally reconstructed image.
摘要翻译：一种算法被创建并应用于从用于计算机断层摄影的Radon变换数据重建图像的小波系数，利用所公开的方法，使用小波的属性来定位Radon变换，使得横截面的局部区域可以使用几乎完全的局部数据重建身体，以显着减少X射线层析成像中的暴露量和计算量。所描述的算法基于对于具有足够多消失矩的一些小波基的观察，缩放函数的斜坡滤波版本以及小波函数具有非常快的衰减，空值空间的元素的方差正在在本地重建的图像中可忽略不计。

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