Disclosed in the present invention are a noise reduction adjustment method, an earphone, and a computer-readable storage medium. The noise reduction adjustment method comprises: when it is detected that an active noise reduction mode of an earphone is started, acquiring a collected target noise value; if the target noise value is greater than a standard hearing threshold value which corresponds to the target noise value, outputting a sound signal with the same amplitude and opposite phase as noise corresponding to the target noise value, and calculating a difference value between the target noise value and the standard hearing threshold value; and if the difference value does not match a preset decibel range, adjusting a noise reduction parameter of the earphone until an adjusted difference value matches the preset decibel range. By means of the present invention, the noise reduction effect of an earphone is improved.