The present invention relates to a portable-type protective clothing cooling device and, more specifically, to a protective clothing cooling device for supplying cold air to protective clothing, comprising: a protective clothing body worn by a user and having a cold air inlet and an outer discharge port; a cold air supply part for supplying the cold air to the protective clothing body; and a connecting hose for transferring the cold air of the cold air supply part to the protective clothing body, and thus the cold air supply part is connected to the protective clothing to be worn by medical personnel for an infection test, so as to supply, to the protective clothing, the cold air generated from the cold air supply part, thereby circulating and then discharging same, so that the internal temperature of the protective clothing can be controlled, a pleasant internal environment thereof can be maintained since air is supplied thereto, and mobility is improved since the cold air supply part has casters.