A cylinder lock (1) and a key (2) thereof, the lock (1) comprising a stator (3) within which a rotor (4) can rotate which is provided with a longitudinal channel (5) inside which respective primary pins (6, 7) are arranged substantially mutually opposite. The channel (5) is adapted for the insertion of a key (2) provided with a seat (8) for the accommodation of a respective lever (9) which can be oriented freely and is adapted to actuate the primary pins (6, 7). At least one of the primary pins (6) is constituted by a bushing (10) and a contoured grub (11) which has at least one segment (12a, 12b) of its contour whose shape and dimensions are complementary to those of the internal cavity (13) of the bushing (10). Axially acting elastic means (14) are interposed between the bushing (10) and the grub (11) for their respective mutual spacing in conditions of absence of external forces applied to the bushing (10) toward the grub (11). The stator (3) comprises a recess (15) whose shape and dimensions are complementary to those of the terminal front, in a radial direction, of the primary pin (6) for the temporary accommodation of the front; the recess (15) is aligned with the hole (16) of the rotor (4) within which the bushing (10) and the grub (11) are arranged. At least one elastic element (17) is interposed between the stator (3) and the at least one additional primary pin (7) for the forcing thereof within the longitudinal channel (5). Following the insertion of the key (2) in the longitudinal channel (5), the end of the primary pin (7) and a head (18) of the bushing (10) abut against the lever (9), with consequent partial inclination thereof with respect to the key (2) in the configuration for free translation of the primary pin (6) within the hole (16), without protrusion of the front of the primary pin (6) within the recess (15) of the stator (3).