The present application relates to the field of computer vision, and disclosed are an image acquisition apparatus and an image acquisition method. The image acquisition apparatus comprises an image sensor, a light supplementing device, and a light filtering assembly, the light supplementing device comprises a first light supplementing means, and the light filtering assembly comprises a first light filter. The first light supplementing means at least performs near-infrared light supplementing in part of an exposure time period of first preset exposure, and does not perform near-infrared light supplementing in an exposure time period of second preset exposure. The first light filter allows visible light and part of near-infrared light to pass through. The image sensor generates and outputs a first image signal in the exposure time period of the first preset exposure, and generates and outputs a second image signal in the exposure time period of the second preset exposure. Because the first image signal and the second image signal are generated and output by the same image sensor, view points corresponding to the first image signal and the second image signal are identical, and the structure of image acquisition can also be simplified, thereby reducing the cost.