The present invention is a carbon fiber bundle that satisfies a prescribed strand modulus of elasticity, a prescribed strand strength, a prescribed node strength, and a prescribed average single fiber diameter and has a prescribed probability of the presence of defects with a size of 50 nm or greater in recovered rupture cross-sections when single fiber tension tests are carried out for test lengths of 10 mm, wherein the carbon fiber bundle is suitably obtained by using a filter medium having a prescribed filtration precision and filter medium mesh to filter, under a prescribed filtration rate, a spinning solution in which a polyacrylonitrile copolymer is dissolved in a solvent, then spinning the filtered spinning solution to obtain a carbon fiber precursor fiber bundle, heat treating the carbon fiber precursor fiber bundle obtained to a prescribed density using a suitable temperature profile in an oxidizing atmosphere to obtain a fire resistant fiber bundle, and subsequently heat treating the fire resistant fiber bundle at a prescribed temperature in an inert atmosphere. The purpose of the present invention is to provide a carbon fiber bundle that exhibits superior strand strength and strand modulus of elasticity with excellent balance and which has superior node strength and a method for manufacturing the same.