The present invention relates to the field of cancer diagnosis and treatment. The present invention provides methods of diagnosing cancer, prognosing cancer, predicting efficacy of treatment for cancer, assessing outcome of treatment for cancer or assessing recurrence of cancer comprising the steps of a) analysing a biological sample obtained from a subject to determine the presence of target molecules representative of expression of at least four biomarkers selected from the group consisting of MCTP1, PIBF1, TMTC2, ANKRD32, CEPT1, ZNF114, CRYBG3, IFI16, PPIF, SCD, RP11-469M7.1, PTP4A1 and NRIP1; and b) comparing the expression levels of the biomarkers determined in (a) with one or more reference values, wherein a difference in the expression of the biomarkers in the sample from the subject compared to the one or more reference values is indicative of cancer presence or absence. The invention further provides methods of treating cancer, and devices and kits for use in the methods of the invention.