The invention relates to an anti-theft security device of the type designed for fixing or removing the steering wheel to or from the steering column of the vehicle. According to the invention, the device is comprised of a base (1) integral with the steering column (2), a steering wheel support (3) integral with the steering wheel (4) and rotating on the base (1), at least one movable part (5) for rotation coupling of the base (1) and the steering wheel support (3), said part being movable substantially along the axis (X) of the steering column (2) between a coupled position and an uncoupled position, a return spring (6) being provided to bring back the movable part (5) to its uncoupled position; there is also provided a linking part (7) which is translationally movable between an advanced position where it maintains the movable coupling part (5) in its coupled position, and a disengagement position where it allows said movable part to be maintained by the spring (6) in its uncoupled position; a removable actuation member (8), optionally integral with the linking part (7), is laterally insertable in the steering wheel support (3), said member allowing, when it is inserted, fixing of the steering wheel (4) to the steering column (2) and, when it is removed detachment of said steering wheel from the steering column. Application to anti-theft security equipment for all types of vehicles.