An embodiment of the present application provides a method for identifying an optical link failure, and relates to the field of communication technology. The method includes obtaining performance data of a network device, extracting a feature parameter of the performance data, and identifying a failure mode on the optical link based on the feature parameter. The above method solves the problems of difficulty identification and slow trouble shooting caused by a large number of devices, many line failures, and difficulty in securing manual trouble shooting cases. In addition, when a failure occurs, it is possible to quickly identify a failure, thereby improving the trouble shooting efficiency. When the optical link risk does not cause a failure, deterioration of performance data is detected in advance based on characteristics, and identification and alarm are performed.