A hair dryer having separate cold and hot air vents is formed by branching first and second air vents 112 and 114 for discharging hot air or simultaneously discharging hot and cold air at the front, and an air intake for inhaling external air at the rear. A housing unit 100 comprising a body 110 formed in a tubular shape for forming a conveyance passage for wind, and a handle 120 formed at a lower portion of the body 110 and formed therein; A blower 200 installed inside the air intake 116 of the housing 100 and forcibly generating wind by inhaling external air according to a user's manipulation and sending it to the transfer passage; Electronic heat generation is installed so that the action surface or the reaction surface faces upward or downward in the transfer passage formed inside the housing 100 to perform heat generation and heat absorption on the upper surface and the lower surface according to the user's manipulation. Unit 300; An operation unit 400 installed on one side of the housing unit 100 and configured to select power on/off, a warm air mode, a cold or hot air mode, and adjust a speed or intensity according to a user's manipulation; A control unit 500 installed inside the housing 100 to selectively control the operation of the air blower 200 and the electronic heating unit 300 according to an operation command through the operation unit 400 by a user ; It is configured to include an electric heating element 600 for heating the reaction surface (S3) of the electronic heating unit 300 under the control of the control unit 500.