The invention discloses an arch-type nonlinear vibration energy collector based on a composite material. The collector comprises a base layer, a permanent magnet assembly, a piezoelectric layer and asupporting frame placed on a base vibration table. The base layer is of an arc-shaped arch ring structure, and the two ends of the base layer are detachably installed on the two opposite inner side walls of the supporting frame through torsion springs. The base layer is made of a composite material. The invention aims to provide an arch-type nonlinear vibration energy collector based on a composite material. Due to the fact that the composite material has more outstanding mechanical properties compared with a metal material, the collector has more obvious vibration characteristics, power bifurcation and multi-stable states of the collector can be better triggered in an auxiliary mode, the collector can conduct multi-stable state conversion in a reciprocating mode in the vibration process,and therefore the piezoelectric efficiency of the collector is improved.