An unmanned aerial vehicle multispectral remote sensing data collection and processing integrated system and method. The system comprises a multispectral camera; an unmanned aerial vehicle, which is connected to the multispectral camera and has an open graph data transmission link; and a DLS and a ground station application, each of which is connected to the unmanned aerial vehicle. The multispectral camera comprises a lens module; an SOC processor platform, which is connected to the lens module by means of an MIPI bridging module; and a serial port communication module, a network transmission module and a storage medium which are respectively connected to an output end of the SOC processor platform. By means of the present application, a hardware architecture of a multispectral camera is optimized, such that the functions of the collection, storage, registration, radiation correction, reflectivity calculation vegetation index calculation, and transmission of spectral image data can be implemented in a routing task of an unmanned aerial vehicle, thereby avoiding the process of copying a large amount of data, reducing the processing pressure of a ground station application end, greatly improving the spectral remote sensing efficiency, and improving the user operation experience; and the present application is suitable for various application scenarios such as unmanned aerial vehicle multispectral remote sensing and detection.