The utility model provides a simple and portable manual negative pressure sputum suction device which comprises a squeezing ball body and a sputum suction bag capable of being sterilized and soaked. The squeezing ball body and the sputum suction bag capable of being sterilized and soaked are connected through a spiral structure and communicated through a connection pipe. The connection pipe is provided with a flow regulator. A filtering mesh plug is arranged at the position, located at one end of the sputum suction bag capable of being sterilized and soaked, of the connection pipe. The sputum suction bag capable of being sterilized and soaked is provided with a negative pressure sputum suction pipe. The inner surface of the squeezing ball is provided with a pressure spring. The simple and portable manual negative pressure sputum suction device is used for the patient transferring process or the special inspection process during which sputum suction needs to be conducted to keep the respiratory tract smooth. The simple and portable manual negative pressure sputum suction device has the advantages that the device is light and handy, flexible, capable of being carried along with a user and free of doing work through power, the manual squeezing ball body forms negative pressure after being rebounded to conduct sputum suction, and the device is low carbon in use, environmentally friendly, low in manufacturing cost, wide in application range and capable of being used repeatedly.