The utility model discloses a power distribution chamber access control device based on a radio frequency subscriber identity module (RFSIM). The access control device is characterized by comprising an electric control lock, and an electronic control mechanism connected with the electric control lock, wherein the electronic control mechanism comprises the following units: a master control single chip, an RFSIM card reading module, a display drive module, a clock module, a memory and an RJ45 interface, wherein the RFSIM card reading module is connected to the master control single chip and used for reading an opening signal of the RFSIM; the display drive module is connected to the master control single chip and connected with a display screen; the clock module is connected to the master control single chip and used for providing a clock signal; the memory is connected to the single chip and used for storing a drive program and an opening signal instruction; the RJ45 interface is connected to the single chip and used for being connected with an upper computer Ethernet; the output of the master control single chip is connected with a relay; the relay is in drive control connection with the electric control lock. The access control device has the advantages of being safe and convenient to use, and the rapid repair of a power fault is facilitated.