The utility model discloses a protective box for an electric power metering device, which comprises a box body. The box body is provided with a lockset with a sealing function; the lockset comprises an electronic lock and an electronic key matched with the electronic lock; the electronic lock is mounted on the box body and used for locking the box body; and the electronic key comprises a first recording module for recording the unlocking information of the electronic lock. By adopting the electronic lock, the condition that the box body is maliciously opened can be completely avoided by changing the sensing frequency of the electronic lock when the electronic key is lost so that the safety of an electric power system is enhanced. Moreover, the first recording module can record the unlocking record of the electronic lock to achieve job performance of a lookup operator so that the work supervision efficiency of the electric power system is improved. The utility model further discloses an electric power metering device centralized control system equipped with the protective box, which can finish operations such as recording of opening of the box body, alteration of the way for opening the box body, and attendance record of the operator.